Asphalt Paving
Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
Showing changes from Rev 3
to Rev 4
in Asphalt Paving.
---
title: Asphalt Paving
…202 unchanged lines
### A flexible pavement section is built from the base up, and each course has a distinct function that drives its mixture design. {note}
+### The course being specified shall be identified as surface, intermediate, or base, and its mixture design shall suit that course's function in the pavement section.
+
```datasheet
label: Course Being Specified
…84 unchanged lines
```
−### The performance-graded (PG) binder is designated PG XX-YY, where the first number is the upper pavement temperature the binder must resist without rutting and the second is the lower temperature it must resist without thermal cracking. {note}
+### The performance-graded (PG) binder is designated PG XX-YY, where the first number is the upper pavement temperature the binder must resist without rutting and the second is the lower temperature it must resist without thermal cracking.
### Specifying a binder grade that does not match the climate is a common and consequential error, because too soft a high grade rutts in summer and too stiff a low grade cracks in winter. {note}
### The binder grade shall be selected for the project climate, with the high-temperature grade keyed to the seven-day average maximum pavement temperature and the low-temperature grade keyed to the minimum pavement temperature, both adjusted for the desired reliability.
…122 unchanged lines
## A prime coat is a low-viscosity asphalt material applied to an untreated aggregate base to penetrate and bind the surface of the base, promote adhesion between the base and the first asphalt course, and limit moisture intrusion before paving. {note}
+## Whether a prime coat is required shall be specified, based on whether the aggregate base is untreated and able to accept penetration.
+
```datasheet
label: Prime Coat
…6 unchanged lines
```
+## Where a prime coat is required, the prime coat material shall be specified to penetrate and bind the surface of the aggregate base.
+
```datasheet
label: Prime Coat Material
…6 unchanged lines
```
+## Where a prime coat is required, the residual application rate shall be specified in gallons per square yard to penetrate and bind the base.
+
```datasheet
label: Prime Coat Application Rate (residual)
…13 unchanged lines
## A tack coat is a thin application of diluted asphalt emulsion applied between asphalt courses (and between asphalt and any abutting existing pavement or vertical face) to bond the lifts into a monolithic section. {note}
+## The tack coat material shall be specified to bond the asphalt lifts, or the course to an abutting existing pavement or vertical face, into a monolithic section.
+
```datasheet
label: Tack Coat Material
…37 unchanged lines
min: 91
max: 97
− setpoints: [92, 93, 94, 95]
+ setpoints: [91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97]
default: 92
```
…206 unchanged lines
## Asphalt mixture is a perishable, time-and-temperature-sensitive product. {note}
+## Asphalt mixture shall be delivered in clean hauling units, insulated and covered to retain heat, and shall be discharged into the paver before it cools below the minimum placement temperature or the binder ages from prolonged holding.
+## Loads that have crusted, segregated, or cooled below the minimum temperature shall be rejected.
+## The bed of each hauling unit shall be coated with an approved non-petroleum release agent.
+
```datasheet
label: Hauling Unit Bed Release Agent
…5 unchanged lines
default: "Approved non-petroleum release agent"
```
−
−## Asphalt mixture shall be delivered in clean hauling units, insulated and covered to retain heat, and shall be discharged into the paver before it cools below the minimum placement temperature or the binder ages from prolonged holding.
−## Loads that have crusted, segregated, or cooled below the minimum temperature shall be rejected.
−## The bed of each hauling unit shall be coated with an approved non-petroleum release agent.
## Diesel fuel and other solvents shall not be used as a release agent, because they dissolve the binder and contaminate the mix.
## Bulk asphalt binder at the plant shall be stored at the producer's recommended temperature, because overheating or prolonged storage ages the binder and shifts its grade.
…17 unchanged lines
## Distress that develops after the warranty period and is traceable to inadequate compaction, deficient thickness, out-of-tolerance mixture, omitted or deficient tack coat, or undocumented failing tests may constitute a latent defect extending the Contractor's responsibility beyond the warranty term.
## Normal weathering, oxidation, and routine maintenance such as crack sealing and seal coating are Owner maintenance obligations and are not warranty items.