Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
---
title: Common Work Results for Plumbing
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## Pressure design of building services piping up to 150 psi shall comply with ASME B31.9.
−## Where a referenced consensus standard and the adopted code conflict, the adopted code shall govern unless the code permits the alternative and the Engineer of Record approves it in writing. {note}
+## Where a referenced consensus standard and the adopted code conflict, the adopted code shall govern unless the code permits the alternative and the Engineer of Record approves it in writing.
# Referenced Standards {toc}
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### Tube ends shall be cut square, reamed to full inside diameter, and cleaned bright before joining.
−### Flux shall be applied only to the cleaned surfaces and the excess removed after joining to prevent post-soldering corrosion. {note}
+### Flux shall be applied only to the cleaned surfaces and the excess removed after joining to prevent post-soldering corrosion.
## Plastic DWV Pipe and Fittings {toc}
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### Solvent-cement joints shall be primed, cemented, and held until set per the manufacturer's cure schedule; joints shall not be disturbed during cure. {note}
−### Plastic DWV pipe shall not be used where the adopted code or the project fire-rating requirements prohibit combustible pipe without additional protection. {note}
+### Plastic DWV pipe shall not be used where the adopted code or the project fire-rating requirements prohibit combustible pipe without additional protection.
## Dissimilar-Metal Connections {toc}
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```
−### Trapeze and bracket spacing for grouped pipes shall be governed by the smallest pipe on the trapeze or by the combined load, whichever is more restrictive. {note}
+### Trapeze and bracket spacing for grouped pipes shall be governed by the smallest pipe on the trapeze or by the combined load, whichever is more restrictive.
# Pipe Sleeves and Sleeve Seals {toc}
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### Sleeve inside diameter shall provide an annular clearance of not less than 1 in. around bare pipe and not less than 2 in. around insulated pipe, measured to the outside of the insulation.
−### Sleeves for insulated pipe shall be sized to the insulation outside diameter, not the pipe outside diameter; sizing to the pipe leaves no room for the insulation that is applied after the sleeve is cast. {note}
+### Sleeves for insulated pipe shall be sized to the insulation outside diameter, not the pipe outside diameter; sizing to the pipe leaves no room for the insulation that is applied after the sleeve is cast.
```datasheet
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```
−### Plastic sleeves shall not be used in fire-rated floor or wall assemblies unless an intumescent collar is provided, because an unprotected plastic sleeve melts in a fire and opens the rated assembly. {note}
+### Plastic sleeves shall not be used in fire-rated floor or wall assemblies unless an intumescent collar is provided, because an unprotected plastic sleeve melts in a fire and opens the rated assembly.
## Sleeve Seals {toc}
### The annular space between pipe and sleeve shall be sealed by a method appropriate to the penetration: a mechanical link-type seal where a watertight or gas-tight seal is required, an intumescent collar where the penetration is in a rated assembly with combustible pipe, or a fire-rated sealant where the firestop matrix so directs.
−### Non-rated penetrations shall be sealed by a defined method - mechanical link seal, sealant, or grout - and shall not be left for the contractor to fill with whatever is cheapest, which may not be watertight in a wet area. {note}
+### Non-rated penetrations shall be sealed by a defined method - mechanical link seal, sealant, or grout - and shall not be left for the contractor to fill with whatever is cheapest, which may not be watertight in a wet area.
```datasheet
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```
−### Mechanical link-type seals shall be EPDM links for general service and a chemically compatible elastomer where the pipe or environment requires it. {note}
+### Mechanical link-type seals shall be EPDM links for general service and a chemically compatible elastomer where the pipe or environment requires it.
# Escutcheons {toc}
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```
−## Split (two-piece) escutcheons shall be used where the escutcheon must be installed after the pipe is in place. {note}
+## Split (two-piece) escutcheons shall be used where the escutcheon must be installed after the pipe is in place.
# General-Duty Valves {toc}
## General-duty valves are the isolation valves distributed through a plumbing system to section it for service - at branches, risers, and equipment - as distinct from specialty valves such as backflow preventers ([[sync/backflow-prevention]]) or mixing valves ([[sync/plumbing-specialties]]), which are specified with their systems. {note}
−## Isolation valve type shall be selected by pipe size: ball valves for pipe 3 in. and smaller, and butterfly valves for pipe 2-1/2 in. and larger, with the overlap resolved by the designer for the specific application. {note}
+## Isolation valve type shall be selected by pipe size: ball valves for pipe 3 in. and smaller, and butterfly valves for pipe 2-1/2 in. and larger, with the overlap resolved by the designer for the specific application.
## Ball valves shall be installed for isolation duty on pipe 3 in. and smaller.
−## Butterfly valves shall be installed for isolation duty on pipe 2-1/2 in. and larger.
−
−## Ball valves shall be full-port unless a reduced-port valve is specifically scheduled.
−
−## A standard-port ball valve restricts flow in a way the flow calculations may not have accounted for; specifying full-port eliminates this hidden pressure drop. {note}
−
```datasheet
label: Isolation valve - small pipe (up to 3 in.)
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```
+## Butterfly valves shall be installed for isolation duty on pipe 2-1/2 in. and larger.
+
```datasheet
label: Isolation valve - large pipe (2-1/2 in. and larger)
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```
+## Ball valves shall be full-port unless a reduced-port valve is specifically scheduled.
+
+## A standard-port ball valve restricts flow in a way the flow calculations may not have accounted for; specifying full-port eliminates this hidden pressure drop. {note}
+
+## The pressure rating for ball valves used in isolation duty shall be specified, consistent with the system's design operating pressure.
+
```datasheet
label: Ball valve pressure rating
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## Pressure gages shall be Bourdon-tube dial gages, not less than 4-1/2 in. dial diameter, with a range selected so the normal operating pressure falls in the middle third of the scale.
−## A 0 to 160 psi range is the common selection for domestic water service; the range shall be re-selected for any system whose operating pressure does not fall in the middle third of that scale. {note}
+## A 0 to 160 psi range is the common selection for domestic water service; the range shall be re-selected for any system whose operating pressure does not fall in the middle third of that scale.
−## Glycerin- or silicone-filled gages shall be used wherever pulsation or vibration is present, such as adjacent to pumps, to damp needle flutter and protect the movement. {note}
+## Glycerin- or silicone-filled gages shall be used wherever pulsation or vibration is present, such as adjacent to pumps, to damp needle flutter and protect the movement.
```datasheet
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```
−### Seismic restraint attachment points shall be coordinated with the structural drawings before installation; restraint rods that clash with structural framing are a frequent BIM coordination failure when the plumbing engineer specifies restraint without confirming attachment to structure. {note}
+### Seismic restraint attachment points shall be coordinated with the structural drawings before installation; restraint rods that clash with structural framing are a frequent BIM coordination failure when the plumbing engineer specifies restraint without confirming attachment to structure.
# Testing {toc}
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# Disinfection of Potable Water Piping {toc}
−## New potable water piping is contaminated during construction and must be disinfected and proven clean before it is placed in service; a disinfection step left undefined becomes a punch-list dispute and a health risk. {note}
+## New potable water piping is contaminated during construction and must be disinfected and proven clean before it is placed in service; a disinfection step left undefined becomes a punch-list dispute and a health risk.
## Potable water piping shall be flushed, disinfected, and re-flushed in accordance with AWWA C651 procedures as referenced by the adopted code, before the system is placed in service.
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# Installation {toc}
−## Piping shall be installed straight, plumb, and parallel to building lines, with changes of direction made with fittings, and with adequate clearance for insulation, valve operation, and service access. {note}
+## Piping shall be installed straight, plumb, and parallel to building lines, with changes of direction made with fittings, and with adequate clearance for insulation, valve operation, and service access.
## Piping shall be routed to maintain the required slope for drainage systems and to avoid trapping in vented and pressurized systems.
## Piping shall be supported independently of equipment so that pipe weight is not carried by equipment connections.
−## Open pipe ends shall be capped or plugged during construction to keep debris and contamination out of the system. {note}
+## Open pipe ends shall be capped or plugged during construction to keep debris and contamination out of the system.
## Dielectric isolation, sleeves, valves, gages, and restraints shall be installed in coordination with the system-specific piping work so that common-results items are in place before the pipe is closed in.
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## Pipe ends and valve openings shall be kept capped or plugged until the item is installed.
−## Components certified for potable-water contact shall be protected from contamination during storage and handling so their certification is not compromised before installation. {note}
+## Components certified for potable-water contact shall be protected from contamination during storage and handling so their certification is not compromised before installation.
# Warranty {toc}
−## Plumbing materials and workmanship shall be warranted against defects for not less than the period scheduled below, commencing at Substantial Completion. {note}
+## Plumbing materials and workmanship shall be warranted against defects for not less than the period scheduled below, commencing at Substantial Completion.
## The Contractor shall correct leaks, joint failures, and support failures discovered within the warranty period at no cost to the Owner.
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# Spare Parts {toc}
−## The Contractor shall furnish the spare and maintenance items scheduled below for the Owner's continued operation. {note}
+## The Contractor shall furnish the spare and maintenance items scheduled below for the Owner's continued operation.
## Spare parts furnished shall be identical to the installed products and shall be delivered in labeled, protected packaging.
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- Spare valve seats/seals (one set per valve type)
```