+---
+title: Building Expansion Joints
+category: Building Envelope
+toc_depth: 3
+description: >
+ When to use: Cover assemblies, preformed fillers, and fire-barrier systems
+ for building expansion and seismic separation joints in new construction and
+ renovation of commercial, institutional, and industrial buildings - floor,
+ wall, ceiling, roof, and transition assemblies that accommodate thermal,
+ wind, seismic, and settlement movement across a structural separation whose
+ location and width were set by the structural engineer.
+ Not intended for: sealant-only control-joint closures and the backer
+ rod/sealant infill at reveal faces ([[sync/joint-sealants]]); metal
+ counterflashing, copings, and reglets ([[sync/sheet-metal-flashing-and-trim]]);
+ roofing-membrane continuity across the separation ([[sync/membrane-roofing]]);
+ structural pour strips, construction joints, and saw-cut control joints in the
+ slab itself ([[sync/cast-in-place-concrete]]); and mechanical pipe/duct
+ expansion compensators (mechanical specifications).
+---
+
+# Scope {toc}
+
+## This standard covers the protective cover assemblies, preformed fillers, and fire-barrier systems installed over or within a structural separation joint in a building. {note}
+
+### Building expansion joints are deliberate, continuous gaps left in the structure so that independent portions of a building can move relative to one another without cracking, racking, or shearing the finishes and the structure. {note}
+
+### The movement an expansion joint accommodates comes from several sources acting together: thermal expansion and contraction of long structural runs, wind sway at the upper floors of tall buildings, seismic drift between adjacent structural masses, and differential settlement of separately founded sections. The cover assembly must absorb all of these without losing closure, fire rating, or weathertightness. {note}
+
+### The location, quantity, and nominal width of every expansion joint are outputs of the structural engineer of record, not selections made in this section. {note}
+
+### The structural design gap, the building's Seismic Design Category, the calculated thermal movement, and the required fire-resistance rating of each penetrated assembly are inputs to this standard; the cover assembly, filler, and fire barrier are sized and selected to satisfy them. {note}
+
+## Cover assemblies and fillers shall be provided at every structural expansion and seismic separation joint indicated, in the installation plane shown, sized for the movement demands established by the structural design. {note}
+
+### Cover assemblies, fillers, and fire-barrier systems shall be furnished and installed at each expansion joint location shown on the structural and architectural drawings.
+
+### Each cover assembly shall be of the family appropriate to its installation plane - floor, interior wall, exterior wall, ceiling, roof, or transition - and shall not be substituted with a cover assembly of a different plane.
+
+### The Contractor shall verify the as-built joint gap width and the substrate condition at each location before fabricating or ordering cover assemblies.
+
+## Boundaries with adjacent standards. {note}
+
+### The backer rod and field-applied sealant placed within the reveal faces of a cover assembly, and any sealant-only closure of a non-structural control joint, are governed by [[sync/joint-sealants]]. {note}
+
+### Sheet-metal counterflashing, copings, and reglets where the expansion joint meets the building envelope are governed by [[sync/sheet-metal-flashing-and-trim]]. {note}
+
+### Continuity of the roofing or waterproofing membrane across the structural separation is governed by [[sync/membrane-roofing]]; this section governs the cover assembly and its flashing flanges, and the lap sequence between the two is a coordination item. {note}
+
+### Structural pour strips, construction joints, and saw-cut control joints in the slab itself are part of [[sync/cast-in-place-concrete]]; this section picks up at the cover assembly and filler installed over or within the pre-located structural gap. {note}
+
+### Pipe and duct expansion compensators, including rubber bellows on mechanical piping loops, are governed by the mechanical specifications and are not part of this section. {note}
+
+### A single building may carry several joint families at once - a heavy-duty floor cover in the loading dock, a flush flooring-insert cover in a lobby, a seismic three-axis cover at a structural separation, and fire-rated barriers wherever any of those joints crosses a rated wall or floor. Each location is scheduled independently against the plane, gap, movement, traffic, exposure, and rating that apply there. {note}
+
+# Referenced Standards {toc}
+
+## Equipment, materials, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.
+
+## Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
+
+| Standard | Title |
+|----------|-------|
+| UL 2079 | Tests for Fire Resistance of Building Joint Systems |
+| ASTM E1966 | Standard Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems |
+| ASTM D1751-23 | Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types) |
+| ASTM D1752 | Preformed Sponge Rubber Cork and Recycled PVC Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction |
+| ASTM F1123-87(2019) | Standard Specification for Non-Metallic Expansion Joints |
+| ASTM C1193-16(2020) | Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants |
+| ASCE 7-22 | Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures |
+| IBC 2021 | International Building Code (Chapter 7) |
+
+# Submittals {toc}
+
+## Action Submittals {note}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following action submittals for review before fabrication:
+
+- Product data for each cover assembly type, filler, and fire-barrier system, including movement capacity, load rating, and finish.
+- Shop drawings showing each joint location, the cover assembly profile, anchorage, splice and corner conditions, and transitions between planes.
+- A joint cover schedule keyed to the drawings listing the plane, nominal gap, movement axes, traffic class, and fire rating for each location.
+- Samples of each cover plate finish and of any flooring-insert frame.
+- Fire-resistance test reports or current UL 2079 / ASTM E1966 listings for every assembly located in a rated construction.
+- Manufacturer installation instructions for each system.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Action Submittals
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Product data (cover assemblies, fillers, fire barrier)
+ - Shop drawings (profiles, anchorage, splices, corners, transitions)
+ - Joint cover schedule keyed to drawings
+ - Finish and flooring-insert samples
+ - Fire-resistance listings (UL 2079 / ASTM E1966)
+ - Manufacturer installation instructions
+default:
+ - Product data (cover assemblies, fillers, fire barrier)
+ - Shop drawings (profiles, anchorage, splices, corners, transitions)
+ - Joint cover schedule keyed to drawings
+ - Fire-resistance listings (UL 2079 / ASTM E1966)
+ - Manufacturer installation instructions
+```
+
+## Informational Submittals {note}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following informational submittals:
+
+- Manufacturer certification that each fire-rated assembly is installed within the limits of its tested and listed configuration.
+- Field measurement records of the as-built joint gap at each location, taken before fabrication.
+- Coordination drawings showing the lap sequence between roof and exterior cover assembly flanges and the adjacent membrane or flashing.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Informational Submittals
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Fire-rated listing compliance certification
+ - As-built gap field measurement records
+ - Membrane/flashing lap coordination drawings
+default:
+ - Fire-rated listing compliance certification
+ - As-built gap field measurement records
+```
+
+## Closeout Submittals {note}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following closeout submittals before final acceptance:
+
+- Operation and maintenance data describing inspection intervals, seal replacement, and cleaning.
+- Written warranties for cover assemblies, seals, and fire-barrier systems.
+- Record documentation of the installed cover assembly type at each joint location.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Closeout Submittals
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Operation and maintenance data
+ - Written warranties
+ - Record documentation of installed types
+default:
+ - Operation and maintenance data
+ - Written warranties
+ - Record documentation of installed types
+```
+
+# Quality Assurance {toc}
+
+## Qualifications and source control. {note}
+
+### Cover assemblies furnished under this section shall be the standard products of a single manufacturer regularly engaged in the production of building expansion joint systems.
+
+### All cover assemblies, fillers, and fire-barrier systems for the project shall be obtained from a single manufacturer to ensure compatibility of profiles, finishes, and movement behavior at transitions.
+
+### Fire-rated assemblies shall be installed by an installer trained and approved by the system manufacturer.
+
+## Fire-resistance listing. {note}
+
+### Each expansion joint system located in a fire-resistance-rated floor, wall, ceiling, or head-of-wall assembly shall be a complete system tested in accordance with UL 2079 or ASTM E1966 and listed for a rating equal to or greater than the rated assembly it penetrates. {note}
+
+### The fire-resistance rating of each joint system shall equal or exceed the rating of the construction in which it occurs, as required by IBC Chapter 7.
+
+### Each fire-rated joint system shall be installed only within the joint width, movement class, and orientation limits of its tested and listed configuration.
+
+### Field-modified or job-assembled fire-barrier configurations that fall outside a listing shall not be used.
+
+## Mock-ups and field verification. {note}
+
+### Where directed, the Contractor shall install a field mock-up of each major cover assembly type, including one transition condition, for review before production installation.
+
+### Approved mock-ups may remain as part of the work if undamaged and indistinguishable from the production installation.
+
+# Movement and Service Conditions {toc}
+
+## Sizing the cover assembly to the structural design gap. {note}
+
+### The single most common failure in expansion joint specification is matching the cover assembly's travel range to the nominal structural gap alone, ignoring the thermal and seismic movement that opens and closes that gap in service. A 2 in. nominal joint that adds 0.5 in. of movement in each direction needs a cover rated for roughly 3 in. of total travel, not 2 in.; sized only to the nominal gap, the cover binds when the joint closes and disengages when it opens. {note}
+
+### The cover assembly travel range shall accommodate the structural design gap plus the calculated total movement, with not less than 25% additional margin for construction and measurement tolerance.
+
+### Movement capacity shall account for all movement sources acting together: thermal expansion and contraction, wind sway, seismic drift, and differential settlement.
+
+### The cover assembly schedule shall state the movement capacity as a total travel range, not as the nominal gap, so the reviewer can confirm the margin over the structural design movement.
+
+### Where the as-built gap differs from the design gap by more than the cover assembly's tolerance, the Contractor shall obtain the Engineer's direction before fabricating the cover at that location.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Nominal Joint Gap Width
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 0.5
+max: 6
+step: 0.25
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Required Total Movement Capacity (sizing basis)
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 0.5
+max: 8
+step: 0.25
+default: 3
+```
+
+## Movement axes. {note}
+
+### A joint may be required to move in one, two, or three axes. A thermal-only joint moves primarily along a single horizontal axis. A seismic separation must accommodate drift in the two horizontal axes and vertical offset between adjacent structures - three-axis movement. A standard cover assembly cannot accommodate three-axis seismic drift; that demand requires a listed seismic system. {note}
+
+### The number of movement axes the cover assembly accommodates shall match or exceed the axes of movement determined by the structural analysis.
+
+### Buildings assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E, or F per ASCE 7 shall be provided with seismic cover assemblies rated for the calculated three-axis drift; standard non-seismic covers shall not be used at seismic separation joints.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Movement Axes
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Uniaxial (thermal only)
+ - Biaxial
+ - Triaxial (seismic)
+default: Uniaxial (thermal only)
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Seismic Design Category (per ASCE 7)
+type: select
+options:
+ - A
+ - B
+ - C
+ - D
+ - E
+ - F
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Exposure and watertightness. {note}
+
+### A cover assembly is selected for the wettest exposure it sees. Interior-dry covers have no weather seal and will leak at an exterior facade, a roof, or a wet room. Exterior and wet-area covers carry a continuous EPDM or silicone seal; roof and below-grade covers must be fully waterproof and spliced into the adjacent membrane. {note}
+
+### Cover assemblies at exterior walls, roofs, wet rooms, and below-grade locations shall incorporate a continuous weather seal of EPDM or silicone and shall resist air and water infiltration.
+
+### Interior-dry cover assemblies shall not be used at exterior, roof, wet-room, or below-grade locations.
+
+### At roof and below-grade joints, the cover assembly flange shall be detailed to splice into the adjacent waterproofing or roofing membrane in a lapped, watershedding sequence.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Exposure / Watertightness Class
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Interior dry
+ - Interior wet (restroom, kitchen)
+ - Exterior wall
+ - Roof
+ - Below grade (waterproof)
+default: Interior dry
+```
+
+# Cover Assembly Configuration {toc}
+
+## Installation plane. {note}
+
+### Each installation plane imposes a distinct cover assembly family. Floor covers carry traffic and must sit flush; wall covers span vertically and must be paintable or finished to match; ceiling covers conceal the joint overhead; roof covers shed water and integrate with membrane; transitions where a joint turns a corner require purpose-built corner units. {note}
+
+### A cover assembly of the family matched to its installation plane shall be provided at each location.
+
+### At transition conditions - floor-to-wall and wall-to-ceiling - a purpose-built corner or transition assembly from the same manufacturer shall be provided; a flat-plane assembly shall not be mitered or field-cut to turn a corner.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Installation Plane
+type: select
+options:
+ - Floor
+ - Interior wall
+ - Exterior wall
+ - Ceiling
+ - Roof
+ - Transition (floor-to-wall / wall-to-ceiling)
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Traffic loading at floor joints. {note}
+
+### Floor cover assemblies are rated to the heaviest wheel they carry. A pedestrian cover will deflect and unseat under a loaded fork lift; vehicular and forklift traffic require reinforced aluminum or steel extrusions engineered for concentrated wheel loads. The load class is therefore a primary selection, not a finish detail. {note}
+
+### Floor cover assemblies shall be rated for the heaviest traffic class crossing the joint at that location.
+
+### Heavy-duty floor cover assemblies subject to forklift or vehicular loading shall be reinforced aluminum or steel extrusions engineered for the concentrated wheel load.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Floor Traffic Class
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Pedestrian
+ - Wheeled (hand truck / cart)
+ - Forklift
+ - Vehicular
+default: Pedestrian
+```
+
+## Cover plate material and finish. {note}
+
+### The cover plate material is chosen for durability and to coordinate with the adjacent finish. Mill or anodized aluminum is the default for most interior and exterior covers; stainless steel and bronze serve corrosive or architectural exposures; heavy steel serves high-load floor covers. {note}
+
+### The cover plate material and finish shall coordinate with the adjacent flooring or wall finish and shall suit the exposure at the location.
+
+### Aluminum cover plates and frames shall be a corrosion-resistant alloy; exterior aluminum shall be anodized or factory-finished.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Cover Plate Material
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Extruded aluminum
+ - Stainless steel
+ - Bronze
+ - Heavy-duty steel
+default: Extruded aluminum
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Aluminum Finish
+type: select
+options:
+ - Mill finish
+ - Clear anodized
+ - Color anodized
+ - Painted (factory finish)
+default: Clear anodized
+```
+
+## Floor cover mounting and flooring integration. {note}
+
+### A floor cover either sits proud on the finished floor (surface mount) or recesses into a frame so a flooring insert finishes flush with the surrounding floor. Where carpet, tile, or resilient flooring crosses the joint, the cover plate top must be set so the finished surfaces are level; ignoring finish thickness leaves the plate standing proud, which is a trip hazard and an ADA non-compliance. {note}
+
+### The cover plate top elevation shall be coordinated with the finished floor system so that the cover and adjacent finished floor are flush within ADA tolerance.
+
+### Where a flush-finish appearance is required, a recessed frame that accepts the specified flooring insert shall be provided.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Floor Cover Mounting
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Surface mount
+ - Recessed (flush cover plate)
+ - Flooring-insert frame (carpet/tile/resilient)
+default: Recessed (flush cover plate)
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Finished Floor Thickness Over Cover (insert frames)
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 0.125
+max: 1
+step: 0.0625
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Spring-loaded center plate retention. {note}
+
+### Floor cover plates are commonly held by a spring or centering mechanism that keeps the plate centered over the moving gap and lets it slide rather than buckle as the joint opens and closes. The retention method affects how the plate behaves under traffic and movement and should be confirmed against the traffic class. {note}
+
+### Floor cover plates shall be retained by a centering or spring mechanism that keeps the plate centered as the joint moves and prevents the plate from unseating under traffic.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Center Plate Retention
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Spring-centered
+ - Slide / centering bar
+ - Flat snap-in
+default: Spring-centered
+```
+
+# Seismic Cover Assemblies {toc}
+
+## Large seismic separation joints are a distinct product class. {note}
+
+### Standard cover assemblies serve nominal gaps up to roughly 3 to 4 in. Seismic separation joints can be far wider - up to 24 to 72 in. - and demand three-axis movement. These are custom engineered systems, often incorporating slide plates and flexing elements, with their own lead times, costs, and engineering engagement. Treating a large seismic joint as a catalog product is a scheduling and code failure waiting to happen. {note}
+
+### Seismic separation joints exceeding the gap or movement limits of standard cover assemblies shall be provided as custom engineered seismic systems rated for the calculated three-axis drift.
+
+### Engineering of large seismic cover assemblies shall be coordinated with the manufacturer early in the project to confirm capacity, lead time, and anchorage.
+
+### Seismic floor cover assemblies shall maintain a continuous walking surface across the full range of drift without creating a gap, edge, or trip hazard.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Seismic Gap Capacity Required
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 4
+max: 72
+step: 1
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+# Fire-Barrier Systems {toc}
+
+## Where the joint penetrates a rated assembly, a listed fire barrier is required. {note}
+
+### When an expansion joint occurs in a fire-resistance-rated floor, wall, or ceiling, the joint is an opening in that rated assembly and must be protected to maintain the rating. IBC requires the joint system to equal or exceed the rating of the surrounding construction. An unlisted cover dropped into a 2-hour wall is an unprotected opening and a code violation that inspection will catch. {note}
+
+### A fire-barrier system listed under UL 2079 or ASTM E1966 shall be provided wherever the expansion joint occurs in a fire-resistance-rated assembly.
+
+### The fire-barrier system rating shall equal or exceed the fire-resistance rating of the assembly it penetrates.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Required Fire-Resistance Rating
+type: select
+options:
+ - None (non-rated assembly)
+ - 1 hr
+ - 2 hr
+ - 3 hr
+ - 4 hr
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Fire-barrier method. {note}
+
+### Different fire-barrier methods suit different joint sizes and movement classes. A draped or compressed ceramic fiber blanket handles larger gaps and high movement; mineral wool compressed with a surface sealant suits smaller, limited-movement joints; proprietary intumescent or gypsum composite systems serve a defined band of sizes. Each method is qualified only over the joint sizes and movements in its UL 2079 test; the wrong method for the actual gap fails the test condition even if the rating number is right. {note}
+
+### The fire-barrier method shall be selected within the joint-size and movement limits of its UL 2079 or ASTM E1966 listing for the actual joint width and movement at the location.
+
+### A fire-barrier method qualified only for smaller or lower-movement joints shall not be used at a joint exceeding those tested limits.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Fire-Barrier Method
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Ceramic fiber blanket (draped/compressed)
+ - Mineral wool with surface sealant
+ - Intumescent/gypsum composite system
+default: Ceramic fiber blanket (draped/compressed)
+```
+
+## Fire barrier and cover assembly coordination. {note}
+
+### The fire barrier and the cover assembly are a paired system: the barrier maintains the rating while the cover provides the finished, trafficked, or weather surface above it. They shall be furnished as a coordinated assembly so that the barrier's movement capacity and the cover's travel range agree. {note}
+
+### The fire-barrier system and the cover assembly at a rated joint shall be furnished as a coordinated set with matching movement capacity.
+
+### Installation of the fire barrier shall be complete and inspected, where required, before the cover assembly conceals it.
+
+# Preformed Fillers {toc}
+
+## Preformed filler is the resilient backup placed in the joint cavity. {note}
+
+### Preformed joint filler is a resilient board set in the structural gap, typically before the cover or sealant is installed. It limits intrusion of fresh concrete into the gap during the pour, provides a resilient backing that compresses and recovers as the joint moves, and establishes the depth for any sealant placed over it. Filler material is chosen from the recognized ASTM types. {note}
+
+### Preformed filler shall be provided in the structural joint cavity where indicated to limit concrete intrusion and to provide resilient backing.
+
+### Bituminous preformed filler shall comply with ASTM D1751.
+
+### Sponge rubber, cork, or recycled PVC preformed filler shall comply with ASTM D1752.
+
+### Non-metallic fabric, rubber, and elastomeric expansion joint components shall comply with ASTM F1123.
+
+### Filler thickness shall match the nominal structural gap width at each location.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Preformed Filler Type
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Bituminous (ASTM D1751)
+ - Sponge rubber (ASTM D1752)
+ - Cork (ASTM D1752)
+ - Recycled PVC (ASTM D1752)
+default: Sponge rubber (ASTM D1752)
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Filler Thickness (matches nominal gap)
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 0.5
+max: 6
+step: 0.25
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Sealant infill at reveal faces. {note}
+
+### Where a field-applied sealant closes the cover assembly reveal faces or transitions to the adjacent substrate, the sealant, backer rod, and joint preparation are governed by [[sync/joint-sealants]] and shall follow the guidance of ASTM C1193. {note}
+
+### Sealant placed within the cover assembly reveal faces shall comply with [[sync/joint-sealants]] and ASTM C1193.
+
+# Installation {toc}
+
+## General. {note}
+
+### Cover assemblies, fillers, and fire-barrier systems shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer's listed and published instructions.
+
+### The Contractor shall verify the as-built joint gap and substrate condition at each location and shall report gaps that deviate from the design width before proceeding.
+
+### Cover assemblies shall be installed continuous and aligned, with manufacturer's standard factory splice and corner components at all joints in the cover, and shall not be field-cut to form corners or transitions.
+
+## Anchorage. {note}
+
+### Anchorage must suit the actual substrate. A floor cover anchored into cured concrete uses different fasteners and embedment than one fastened to steel deck or to a topping slab; the wrong anchorage lets the cover lift under foot traffic or seismic movement. {note}
+
+### The anchorage system shall be compatible with the substrate at each location - concrete, steel deck, or topping - using the manufacturer's specified fasteners and embedment.
+
+### Anchorage shall develop the full design movement and load of the cover assembly without allowing the assembly to lift or loosen under traffic or seismic drift.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Substrate / Anchorage Type
+type: select
+options:
+ - Cast-in-place concrete
+ - Concrete topping slab
+ - Steel deck
+ - Structural steel
+ - Masonry
+drawing_ref: true
+default: deferred
+```
+
+## Roof and exterior integration. {note}
+
+### The roof joint is the most vulnerable point on the roof plane, and the cover flange-to-membrane lap is where leaks start. The cover assembly flange must integrate with the membrane termination in a defined sequence so water always sheds over, never under, the lap. {note}
+
+### At roof joints, the cover assembly flashing flange shall be lapped with the adjacent roofing membrane in a watershedding sequence coordinated with [[sync/membrane-roofing]].
+
+### At exterior wall joints, the continuous weather seal shall be installed without interruption and lapped at splices to maintain a continuous air and water barrier.
+
+## Fire-barrier installation. {note}
+
+### Fire-barrier systems shall be installed only within the configuration, joint width, and movement limits of their UL 2079 or ASTM E1966 listing.
+
+### Fire-barrier blanket, mineral wool, or composite components shall be installed at the depth, compression, and continuity required by the listing, without gaps or unfilled segments.
+
+### Penetrations, splices, and terminations of the fire barrier at corners and changes of plane shall be detailed per the listing and shall maintain the continuity of the rated joint.
+
+### Fire-barrier installation shall be inspected and documented before being concealed by the cover assembly or adjacent finishes.
+
+# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
+
+## Materials shall be delivered in the manufacturer's original packaging with listings and labels intact.
+
+## Cover assemblies and seals shall be stored under cover, protected from weather, ultraviolet degradation, and physical damage.
+
+## Fire-barrier materials shall be kept dry and protected until installation; wetted or contaminated fire-barrier materials shall not be installed.
+
+## Long extrusions shall be supported to prevent bending or twisting during storage and handling.
+
+# Warranty {toc}
+
+## The manufacturer shall warrant cover assemblies, seals, and fire-barrier systems against defects in materials and workmanship for the period stated below.
+
+## Exterior and roof weather seals shall be warranted against air and water infiltration for the stated period under normal building movement.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Manufacturer Warranty Period
+type: radio
+unit: yr
+options:
+ - 1
+ - 2
+ - 5
+ - 10
+default: 5
+```
+
+# Spare Parts {toc}
+
+## The Contractor shall furnish spare cover plates and seal stock as stated below for future maintenance and seal replacement.
+
+## Spare parts shall be of the same type, profile, and finish as the installed work and shall be delivered in labeled packaging identifying the joint type they serve.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Spare Cover Plate Stock (percent of installed length)
+type: range
+unit: '%'
+min: 0
+max: 10
+step: 1
+default: 2
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Spare Weather Seal Stock (percent of installed length)
+type: range
+unit: '%'
+min: 0
+max: 10
+step: 1
+default: 5
+```
+
+## <!-- Copyright SynC. Licensed CC BY-SA. Independently authored from public consensus standards (ASTM, UL, ASCE), the International Building Code, and general professional knowledge of building expansion joint systems. No proprietary guide-specification prose was copied or adapted. --> {note}