Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
---
title: High-Performance Coatings
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## Concrete surface profile {note}
−### Concrete must be mechanically profiled - by shot blast or diamond grind - to expose a clean, sound, textured surface; a smooth or laitance-covered slab will not hold a resin coating. {note}
+### Concrete must be mechanically profiled - by shot blast or diamond grind - to expose a clean, sound, textured surface; a smooth or laitance-covered slab will not hold a resin coating.
### CSP is a frequent failure point because specifications call out a profile number without naming the test method or the allowed preparation method, and contractors then substitute light grinding that yields only CSP 1-2 where CSP 3 was needed. {note}
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### Concrete slabs shall be tested for moisture before coating using in-situ relative-humidity probes per ASTM F2170 or anhydrous calcium chloride per ASTM F1869.
−### Coating shall not be applied until measured concrete moisture is at or below the acceptance limit for the specified primer.
−
−### Where measured moisture exceeds the standard primer's limit, a moisture-vapor-barrier (MVB) primer rated for the measured level shall be used in lieu of proceeding.
−
−## Slab RH (ASTM F2170) and MVER (ASTM F1869) limits are manufacturer-specific; 75% RH and 3 lb/1000 ft²/24 hr are conservative defaults, while some MVB epoxy primers tolerate 8-10 lb. The acceptance value shall be taken from the specified primer's TDS. {note}
−
```datasheet
label: Concrete moisture test method
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```
+### Coating shall not be applied until measured concrete moisture is at or below the acceptance limit for the specified primer.
+
```datasheet
label: Maximum slab RH acceptance (ASTM F2170)
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```
+### Where measured moisture exceeds the standard primer's limit, a moisture-vapor-barrier (MVB) primer rated for the measured level shall be used in lieu of proceeding.
+
+## Slab RH (ASTM F2170) and MVER (ASTM F1869) limits are manufacturer-specific; 75% RH and 3 lb/1000 ft²/24 hr are conservative defaults, while some MVB epoxy primers tolerate 8-10 lb. The acceptance value shall be taken from the specified primer's TDS. {note}
+
# Film Thickness {toc}
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### DFT on steel shall be measured with a calibrated magnetic or eddy-current gauge; DFT on concrete shall be verified by the manufacturer's approved method, since magnetic gauges do not read on nonmetallic substrates.
−# Application {toc}
+# Ambient and substrate conditions at the time of application determine whether the coating cures to its rated properties. Epoxy applied below its minimum temperature remains tacky, never fully cures, and loses most of its chemical resistance; coating applied to a substrate near or below the dew point traps condensed moisture under the film. {note}
−## Ambient and substrate conditions at the time of application determine whether the coating cures to its rated properties. Epoxy applied below its minimum temperature remains tacky, never fully cures, and loses most of its chemical resistance; coating applied to a substrate near or below the dew point traps condensed moisture under the film. {note}
+# Ambient conditions {note}
−## Ambient conditions {note}
+## Most solvent-borne and waterborne epoxies require a minimum ambient and substrate temperature of 50°F; some low-temperature formulations are rated to 25°F. The 50°F minimum is the default unless a low-temperature product is specified for cold-weather work. {note}
−### Most solvent-borne and waterborne epoxies require a minimum ambient and substrate temperature of 50°F; some low-temperature formulations are rated to 25°F. The 50°F minimum is the default unless a low-temperature product is specified for cold-weather work. {note}
+## Coating shall not be applied when the ambient or substrate temperature is below the product's minimum application temperature.
−### Coating shall not be applied when the ambient or substrate temperature is below the product's minimum application temperature.
+## Coating shall not be applied when relative humidity exceeds 85%.
−### Coating shall not be applied when relative humidity exceeds 85%.
+## Coating shall not be applied unless the substrate temperature is at least 5°F above the measured dew point.
−### Coating shall not be applied unless the substrate temperature is at least 5°F above the measured dew point.
+## Ambient and substrate conditions shall be maintained within the specified temperature, humidity, and dew-point limits throughout application and initial cure.
−### Ambient and substrate conditions shall be maintained within the specified temperature, humidity, and dew-point limits throughout application and initial cure.
−
```datasheet
label: Minimum application temperature
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```
−## Recoat windows {note}
+# Recoat windows {note}
−### Each coat has a minimum recoat time (so the underlying coat is firm enough) and a maximum recoat time (beyond which the cured surface must be abraded to restore intercoat adhesion). Topcoats applied beyond the maximum recoat window can delaminate with no visible sign until the coating is in service. {note}
+## Each coat has a minimum recoat time (so the underlying coat is firm enough) and a maximum recoat time (beyond which the cured surface must be abraded to restore intercoat adhesion). Topcoats applied beyond the maximum recoat window can delaminate with no visible sign until the coating is in service. {note}
−### Solvent-borne epoxy intercoat recoat is typically 8-24 hours minimum and 7 days maximum at 77°F; aliphatic urethane over epoxy intermediate is typically 8-24 hours minimum. The recoat window shall be taken from each product's TDS. {note}
+## Solvent-borne epoxy intercoat recoat is typically 8-24 hours minimum and 7 days maximum at 77°F; aliphatic urethane over epoxy intermediate is typically 8-24 hours minimum. The recoat window shall be taken from each product's TDS.
−### Each coat shall be recoated only within the minimum and maximum recoat window stated in the product TDS for the application temperature.
+## Each coat shall be recoated only within the minimum and maximum recoat window stated in the product TDS for the application temperature.
−### Where the maximum recoat window has been exceeded, the surface shall be abraded and cleaned per the manufacturer's instructions before the next coat is applied.
+## Where the maximum recoat window has been exceeded, the surface shall be abraded and cleaned per the manufacturer's instructions before the next coat is applied.
−## Cure before service {note}
+# Cure before service {note}
−### Coatings for immersion or chemical service require a full chemical cure - typically 7 days at 77°F - before liquid contact; some polyureas reach service cure within 24 hours. {note}
+## Coatings for immersion or chemical service require a full chemical cure - typically 7 days at 77°F - before liquid contact; some polyureas reach service cure within 24 hours. {note}
−### A coating in immersion or chemical service shall not be placed in contact with the service liquid until it has reached the full chemical cure stated in its TDS.
+## A coating in immersion or chemical service shall not be placed in contact with the service liquid until it has reached the full chemical cure stated in its TDS.
```datasheet
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step: 1
```