Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
---
title: Plumbing Specialties
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# Cleanouts {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Cleanouts shall be provided at the locations and intervals required by IPC Section 708 (or the equivalent UPC provisions) and as indicated on the drawings, and shall conform to ASME A112.36.2M.
−### Cleanouts shall be provided at the locations and intervals required by IPC Section 708 (or the equivalent UPC provisions) and as indicated on the drawings, and shall conform to ASME A112.36.2M.
+## Each cleanout shall be the same nominal size as the pipe it serves, up to the maximum size required by code, and shall provide a full-size opening for rodding the drain.
−### Each cleanout shall be the same nominal size as the pipe it serves, up to the maximum size required by code, and shall provide a full-size opening for rodding the drain.
+## Cleanout body and access locations shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the plumbing floor plans]].
−### Cleanout body and access locations shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the plumbing floor plans]].
+## The cleanout is the only access a maintenance plumber has to clear a blocked drain, and a cleanout that is undersized, buried under finishes, or fitted with a seized plug is functionally absent when it is needed. {note}
−### The cleanout is the only access a maintenance plumber has to clear a blocked drain, and a cleanout that is undersized, buried under finishes, or fitted with a seized plug is functionally absent when it is needed. {note}
−
## Cleanout Body and Plug Material {toc}
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# Floor and Area Drains {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Drain Body Material and Conformance {toc}
```datasheet
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### Grates in areas accessible to the public shall be secured against accidental displacement, and grates in food service and healthcare areas shall be removable without tools for cleaning.
−### The drain body and grate shall be set level and flush with the finished floor; a drain set proud of the floor is a trip hazard and prevents effective floor mopping, and a drain set low ponds water around it. {note}
+### The drain body and grate shall be set level and flush with the finished floor; a drain set proud of the floor is a trip hazard and prevents effective floor mopping, and a drain set low ponds water around it.
## Sediment Bucket {toc}
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### Area drains that may receive debris shall be furnished with a sediment bucket or a debris dome, and area drains subject to vehicular traffic shall be rated for the vehicular load.
−### Area drains connected to the sanitary system shall be trapped and trap-seal-protected; where the drainage is storm water, the connection is governed by [[sync/roof-drainage]] and the site storm scope, not this standard. {note}
+### Area drains connected to the sanitary system shall be trapped and trap-seal-protected; where the drainage is storm water, the connection is governed by [[sync/roof-drainage]] and the site storm scope, not this standard.
# Trap Seal Protection {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Every floor drain trap and every infrequently used trap shall be provided with a means of maintaining the trap seal against evaporation, so that the water seal continues to block sewer gas from entering occupied space.
−### Every floor drain trap and every infrequently used trap shall be provided with a means of maintaining the trap seal against evaporation, so that the water seal continues to block sewer gas from entering occupied space.
+## Failure to maintain trap seals allows sewer gas (hydrogen sulfide) to enter occupied spaces and is one of the most commonly cited plumbing deficiencies in occupied buildings; the protection is cheap and the failure is both unpleasant and a health concern, so it shall not be omitted on infrequently used drains. {note}
−### Failure to maintain trap seals allows sewer gas (hydrogen sulfide) to enter occupied spaces and is one of the most commonly cited plumbing deficiencies in occupied buildings; the protection is cheap and the failure is both unpleasant and a health concern, so it shall not be omitted on infrequently used drains. {note}
−
## Trap Seal Maintenance Method {toc}
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# Hose Bibbs and Wall Hydrants {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Hose bibbs and wall hydrants shall conform to ASME A112.18.1 / CSA B125.1, and all wetted parts shall be certified to NSF/ANSI 61 and NSF/ANSI/CAN 372.
−### Hose bibbs and wall hydrants shall conform to ASME A112.18.1 / CSA B125.1, and all wetted parts shall be certified to NSF/ANSI 61 and NSF/ANSI/CAN 372.
+## Every hose connection — hose bibb, wall hydrant, and service-sink faucet hose outlet — shall be protected against backflow, because a hose submerged in a contaminant (a mop bucket, a chemical tank, a pool) is a direct cross-connection to the potable supply. {note}
−### Every hose connection — hose bibb, wall hydrant, and service-sink faucet hose outlet — shall be protected against backflow, because a hose submerged in a contaminant (a mop bucket, a chemical tank, a pool) is a direct cross-connection to the potable supply. {note}
+## Hose bibb and wall hydrant locations and mounting heights shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the plumbing and architectural drawings]].
−### Hose bibb and wall hydrant locations and mounting heights shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the plumbing and architectural drawings]].
−
## Hose Connection Backflow Protection {toc}
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# Water Hammer Arrestors {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Water hammer arrestors shall conform to PDI WH-201 or ASSE 1010 and shall be the sealed, permanently charged bellows or piston type.
−### Water hammer arrestors shall conform to PDI WH-201 or ASSE 1010 and shall be the sealed, permanently charged bellows or piston type.
+## Air-chamber stubs (capped pipe air chambers) shall not be used in lieu of listed arrestors, because an air chamber waterlogs over time and loses its cushioning effect.
−### Air-chamber stubs (capped pipe air chambers) shall not be used in lieu of listed arrestors, because an air chamber waterlogs over time and loses its cushioning effect. {note}
+## Water hammer is the pressure spike produced when flow is stopped abruptly; the spike hammers pipe joints, fittings, and valve seats and produces the characteristic banging, and over time it loosens joints and fails connections, so it shall be arrested at its source. {note}
−### Water hammer is the pressure spike produced when flow is stopped abruptly; the spike hammers pipe joints, fittings, and valve seats and produces the characteristic banging, and over time it loosens joints and fails connections, so it shall be arrested at its source. {note}
−
## Location {toc}
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### Where a branch line from the start of the horizontal branch to the last fixture supply exceeds 20 feet, an additional arrestor shall be installed.
−### Arrestors installed in concealed locations shall be installed without an access requirement only where they are the sealed, maintenance-free listed type; air chambers requiring recharge are not permitted in concealed locations. {note}
+### Arrestors installed in concealed locations shall be installed without an access requirement only where they are the sealed, maintenance-free listed type; air chambers requiring recharge are not permitted in concealed locations.
−## Sizing {toc}
+## Arrestor Sizing by Fixture-Unit Load {toc}
```datasheet
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# Backwater Valves {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Backwater valves shall conform to ASME A112.14.1 and shall have a body of cast iron, plastic, or copper alloy with a noncorrosive seat and a self-aligning, positively sealing disc.
−### Backwater valves shall conform to ASME A112.14.1 and shall have a body of cast iron, plastic, or copper alloy with a noncorrosive seat and a self-aligning, positively sealing disc.
+## A backwater valve shall be provided where required by IPC Section 715 (or the equivalent UPC provision) to protect fixtures from sewer backflow during a surcharge of the building sewer or public sewer. {note}
−### A backwater valve shall be provided where required by IPC Section 715 (or the equivalent UPC provision) to protect fixtures from sewer backflow during a surcharge of the building sewer or public sewer. {note}
+## Extent of Backwater Protection {toc}
−## Application {toc}
−
```datasheet
label: Backwater Valve Application
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### A backwater valve placed in the main building drain serving all fixtures is a common error: during a sewer surcharge it closes and blocks every fixture from draining, including those that did not need protection, so the valve shall protect only the below-rim fixtures. {note}
−## Access {toc}
+## Every backwater valve shall be installed in an accessible location with an access cover or an access panel that permits inspection, cleaning, and servicing of the valve disc and seat.
−### Every backwater valve shall be installed in an accessible location with an access cover or an access panel that permits inspection, cleaning, and servicing of the valve disc and seat.
+## A backwater valve installed below a slab shall be provided with a cleanout-style access housing brought flush to the finished floor, and a valve above a hard ceiling shall be provided with an access panel.
−### A backwater valve installed below a slab shall be provided with a cleanout-style access housing brought flush to the finished floor, and a valve above a hard ceiling shall be provided with an access panel.
+## A backwater valve that cannot be reached cannot be inspected or cleared, and a disc fouled by debris seals against neither flow nor backflow; access is mandatory, not optional. {note}
−### A backwater valve that cannot be reached cannot be inspected or cleared, and a disc fouled by debris seals against neither flow nor backflow; access is mandatory, not optional. {note}
−
# Thermostatic Mixing Valves {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Thermostatic mixing valves shall be selected for their function — master mixing for hot water distribution, or point-of-use temperature limiting at a fixture or fixture group — and shall conform to the standard that matches that function.
−### Thermostatic mixing valves shall be selected for their function — master mixing for hot water distribution, or point-of-use temperature limiting at a fixture or fixture group — and shall conform to the standard that matches that function. {note}
+## All mixing valve wetted parts shall be certified to NSF/ANSI 61 and NSF/ANSI/CAN 372.
−### All mixing valve wetted parts shall be certified to NSF/ANSI 61 and NSF/ANSI/CAN 372.
+## Mixing valves serving fixtures shall be coordinated with [[sync/water-heaters]] for the stored hot water temperature and the system recirculation temperature, and with [[sync/plumbing-fixtures]] for the fixture-level scald protection.
−### Mixing valves serving fixtures shall be coordinated with [[sync/water-heaters]] for the stored hot water temperature and the system recirculation temperature, and with [[sync/plumbing-fixtures]] for the fixture-level scald protection. {note}
−
## Valve Standard by Function {toc}
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min: 105
max: 130
− setpoints: [110, 115, 120, 125, 130]
+ setpoints: [105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130]
default: 120
```
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### Healthcare, childcare, and school applications shall be set to a 105°F maximum delivery temperature.
−### The point-of-use valve shall be the failsafe type that limits the outlet temperature on loss of the cold supply, protecting the user from a sudden scald. {note}
+### The point-of-use valve shall be the failsafe type that limits the outlet temperature on loss of the cold supply, protecting the user from a sudden scald.
## Valve Trim {toc}
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# Access and Identification {toc}
−## Access {toc}
+## Every specialty requiring inspection, cleaning, adjustment, or service — cleanouts, backwater valves, trap primers, mixing valves, and concealed arrestors that are not the sealed maintenance-free type — shall be accessible after construction is complete.
−### Every specialty requiring inspection, cleaning, adjustment, or service — cleanouts, backwater valves, trap primers, mixing valves, and concealed arrestors that are not the sealed maintenance-free type — shall be accessible after construction is complete.
+## Specialties concealed above hard ceilings or behind finished walls shall be provided with an access panel sized for service and labeled to identify the concealed device.
−### Specialties concealed above hard ceilings or behind finished walls shall be provided with an access panel sized for service and labeled to identify the concealed device.
+## Access panels in rated assemblies shall be of a fire-resistance rating matching the assembly and shall be a listed rated access door.
−### Access panels in rated assemblies shall be of a fire-resistance rating matching the assembly and shall be a listed rated access door. {note}
−
## Identification {toc}
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# Installation {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## The Contractor shall install each specialty in accordance with this standard, the approved submittals, the manufacturer's instructions, and the adopted plumbing code.
−### The Contractor shall install each specialty in accordance with this standard, the approved submittals, the manufacturer's instructions, and the adopted plumbing code.
+## Specialties shall be installed plumb, level, and at the elevations and orientations required for their function — floor drains and cleanouts flush with finished floor, freezeless hydrants pitched to drain, and backwater valves oriented for the direction of flow.
−### Specialties shall be installed plumb, level, and at the elevations and orientations required for their function — floor drains and cleanouts flush with finished floor, freezeless hydrants pitched to drain, and backwater valves oriented for the direction of flow.
+## Dimensions and elevations that cannot be confirmed from the drawings shall be referred to the Engineer of Record before the specialty is set or concealed.
−### Dimensions and elevations that cannot be confirmed from the drawings shall be referred to the Engineer of Record before the specialty is set or concealed.
−
## Coordination {toc}
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## Dissimilar Metals {toc}
−### Where a specialty of one metal connects to piping of a dissimilar metal in a wet location, a dielectric union or an approved dielectric connection shall be used to prevent galvanic corrosion. {note}
+### Where a specialty of one metal connects to piping of a dissimilar metal in a wet location, a dielectric union or an approved dielectric connection shall be used to prevent galvanic corrosion.
# Testing {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## Specialties connected to the drainage system shall be included in the drainage system tests performed under [[sync/sanitary-waste-and-vent-piping]], and specialties connected to the water system shall be included in the water distribution tests performed under [[sync/domestic-water-piping]].
−### Specialties connected to the drainage system shall be included in the drainage system tests performed under [[sync/sanitary-waste-and-vent-piping]], and specialties connected to the water system shall be included in the water distribution tests performed under [[sync/domestic-water-piping]].
+## Each specialty shall additionally be functionally checked as described below before acceptance.
−### Each specialty shall additionally be functionally checked as described below before acceptance.
−
## Functional Checks {toc}
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## Where a manufacturer warranty extends beyond the Contractor's installation warranty period, the Contractor shall assign and transfer the manufacturer warranty to the Owner at closeout.
−## A specialty that does not leak but was installed with the wrong duty rating, an incorrect freezeless barrel length, an undersized arrestor, a backwater valve serving fixtures it should not, or a mixing valve set above its code limit shall be corrected at the Contractor's expense if the deficiency is discovered within the warranty period. {note}
+## A specialty that does not leak but was installed with the wrong duty rating, an incorrect freezeless barrel length, an undersized arrestor, a backwater valve serving fixtures it should not, or a mixing valve set above its code limit shall be corrected at the Contractor's expense if the deficiency is discovered within the warranty period.