Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
---
title: Site Grading and Subgrade Preparation
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### An independent geotechnical testing agency shall perform all compaction, moisture, and density testing.
−### The testing agency shall be engaged and paid by the Owner unless the Contract Documents assign that responsibility otherwise. {note}
+### The testing agency shall be engaged and paid by the Owner unless the Contract Documents assign that responsibility otherwise.
### The testing agency shall report results to the Owner, the geotechnical engineer of record, and the Contractor within the timeframe established at the preconstruction meeting.
### Field density testing shall be performed by the nuclear method (ASTM D6938) or the sand-cone method (ASTM D1556).
−### The nuclear gauge shall be correlated to the sand-cone method when results are disputed or when the geotechnical engineer requires verification. {note}
+### The nuclear gauge shall be correlated to the sand-cone method when results are disputed or when the geotechnical engineer requires verification.
## Subgrade Approval {toc}
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## Stockpiles shall be located clear of drainage courses, the building footprint, and traffic, and shall be protected from erosion in accordance with [[sync/erosion-and-sediment-control]].
−## Stockpile height shall be limited because piles that are too tall compact their own lower lifts, exclude oxygen, and kill the soil organisms that make topsoil valuable for reuse. {note}
+## Stockpile height shall be limited because piles that are too tall compact their own lower lifts, exclude oxygen, and kill the soil organisms that make topsoil valuable for reuse.
```datasheet
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## Required Density by Zone {toc}
−### Compaction shall be specified by zone rather than as a single site-wide value; a uniform high value over-compacts landscape soil so plants cannot establish, while a single low value under-protects the building pad against settlement. {note}
+### Compaction shall be specified by zone rather than as a single site-wide value; a uniform high value over-compacts landscape soil so plants cannot establish, while a single low value under-protects the building pad against settlement.
### The building pad subgrade shall be compacted to the percentage of maximum dry density below over the depth specified by the geotechnical report, typically the top 12 in.
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## Moisture Conditioning {toc}
−### Soil compacted dry or wet of optimum moisture cannot reach its maximum dry density and settles later; the specification must state an acceptable moisture window and require correction by wetting or aeration when soil falls outside it. {note}
+### Soil compacted dry or wet of optimum moisture cannot reach its maximum dry density and settles later; the specification must state an acceptable moisture window and require correction by wetting or aeration when soil falls outside it.
### Subgrade and fill soils shall be moisture-conditioned to within the window below of optimum moisture content (ASTM D2216) at the time of compaction.
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step: 1
default: 0
−setpoints: [-2, 0, 2]
+setpoints: [-3, -2, 0, 2, 4]
```
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## Over-Excavation and Replacement {toc}
−### When proof-rolling or density testing reveals unsuitable material below grade, the depth of over-excavation and the acceptable replacement material must be defined in advance, or every soft spot becomes a change order and an RFI. {note}
+### When proof-rolling or density testing reveals unsuitable material below grade, the depth of over-excavation and the acceptable replacement material must be defined in advance, or every soft spot becomes a change order and an RFI.
### Where unsuitable material is identified, the Contractor shall over-excavate to the depth directed by the geotechnical engineer and replace it with compacted select or structural fill.
### Over-excavated areas shall be proof-rolled at the base of excavation before replacement fill is placed.
−### Where native soils across the site are uniformly poor and chemical or mechanical modification is the primary remedy, that work shall be performed under [[sync/soil-stabilization]] rather than specified inline here, to avoid contradictory requirements. {note}
+### Where native soils across the site are uniformly poor and chemical or mechanical modification is the primary remedy, that work shall be performed under [[sync/soil-stabilization]] rather than specified inline here, to avoid contradictory requirements.
# Proof Rolling {toc}
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## Subgrade that has frozen after acceptance shall be allowed to thaw, then re-proof-rolled and re-tested before the next layer is placed.