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Standpipe Systems

Rev5
IssuedSep 14, 2026
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1 Scope

NOTE This standard governs the classification, pressure limits, demand basis, riser arrangement, hose connections, pressure-regulating devices, occupant-use hose stations, identification, construction-phase provisions, and acceptance testing of standpipe and hose systems installed in buildings. (1.1)
NOTE A standpipe system is the arrangement of risers, horizontal mains, hose connections, valves, and devices that delivers water under pressure to hose outlets throughout a building, so that fire department personnel or trained occupants can connect hose and direct a stream at a fire without first laying hose up from apparatus at street level. (1.2)
NOTE The scope begins where the system connects to its water supply, whether a fire service main, a fire pump discharge, or a combined sprinkler/standpipe riser, and extends through the risers, cross mains, and feed mains to every hose connection, pressure-regulating device, drain, and test connection the system contains, and to the interface with the fire department connection. (1.3)
NOTE A standpipe is a manual system. With the exception of the occupant-use hose stations of a Class II or Class III system, it discharges nothing until a fire fighter opens a hose valve, which is why its demand is stated as a flow and pressure at a hose outlet rather than as a density over a design area. (1.4)
NOTE The following are governed elsewhere and are outside this standard: (1.5)
  • pipe, fittings, joints, control valves, check valves, waterflow and supervisory switches, main drains, pressure gauges, hangers, and seismic bracing, which this standard invokes from Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping
  • the fire department connection body, inlets, check valve, ball drip, and signage, governed by Fire Department ConnectionsFire Department ConnectionsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-department-connections
  • the sprinkler piping, floor control valve assemblies, and sprinkler hydraulic design fed from a combined riser, governed by Wet Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsWet-Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/wet-pipe-fire-sprinkler-systems or Dry Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsDry-Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/dry-pipe-fire-sprinkler-systems
  • fire pumps, jockey pumps, drivers, and controllers, governed by Fire PumpsFire PumpsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-pumps and Fire Pump ControllersFire Pump ControllersResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-pump-controllers
  • the underground fire service main and its appurtenances, governed by Underground Fire Service MainsUnderground Fire Service MainsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/underground-fire-service-mains
  • contractor and designer qualification, submittal administration, coordination, flushing, and record documents common to all fire suppression work, governed by Common Work Results Fire SuppressionCommon Work Results for Fire SuppressionResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/common-work-results-fire-suppression
  • firestopping of riser penetrations, governed by FirestoppingFirestoppingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/firestopping
  • portable fire extinguishers and the cabinets that house them, governed by Fire Extinguishers And CabinetsPortable Fire Extinguishers and CabinetsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-extinguishers-and-cabinets
1.6 Standpipe systems shall comply with NFPA 14 in the edition adopted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, with the International Building Code, and with the International Fire Code as adopted locally.
1.7 Where a local amendment modifies NFPA 14, the International Building Code, or the International Fire Code, the local amendment shall govern unless it is less stringent than the base document, in which case the base document governs.
1.8 The Engineer of Record shall confirm the adopted edition of NFPA 14 before design begins.
NOTE Successive editions of NFPA 14 have changed the hose connection pressure limits, the pressure-regulating device provisions, the drain riser requirement, the rules for standpipes in buildings under construction, and the demand basis for combined systems, so the adopted edition decides several of the values this standard asks for. (1.9)
1.10 The Contractor shall comply with Common Work Results Fire SuppressionCommon Work Results for Fire SuppressionResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/common-work-results-fire-suppression in addition to this standard.

2 Referenced Standards

2.1 Materials, design, installation, and testing shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.
2.2 Where the contract documents, the Authority Having Jurisdiction, or two referenced standards impose conflicting requirements, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
Standard Title
NFPA 14 Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection
NFPA 24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances
NFPA 25 Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems
NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code
NFPA 291 Recommended Practice for Water Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants
NFPA 1961 Standard on Fire Hose
NFPA 1962 Standard for the Care, Use, Inspection, Service Testing, and Replacement of Fire Hose, Couplings, Nozzles, and Fire Hose Appliances
NFPA 1963 Standard for Fire Hose Connections
IBC International Building Code (Section 905)
IFC International Fire Code (Section 905 and Chapter 33)
UL 668 Hose Valves for Fire-Protection Service
UL 1468 Direct Acting Pressure Reducing and Pressure Restricting Valves
FM 1126 Approval Standard for Fire Service Pressure-Regulating Valves

3 Submittals

3.1 Action Submittals

3.1.1 The Contractor shall submit the following for the Engineer of Record's review and the Authority Having Jurisdiction's approval before standpipe materials are procured:
  • working drawings prepared in accordance with NFPA 14, showing riser locations and routing, hose connection locations and elevations, horizontal main routing, control valve locations, pressure zone boundaries, drain and test connections, and the connection to the water supply and to the fire department connection
  • a riser diagram for each standpipe, showing the elevation of every hose connection, every pressure-regulating device, every control valve, and every interconnection with another riser or with a combined sprinkler riser
  • hydraulic calculations demonstrating the demand at the hydraulically most remote hose connection, the total system demand, and, for a combined system, the demand basis this standard requires
  • product data for hose valves, pressure-regulating devices, hose station equipment, and signs, giving the listing, the pressure rating, the connection size and thread, and, for a pressure-regulating device, the published inlet pressure range and outlet pressure-flow curve
  • a pressure-regulating device schedule identifying, for each device, the hose connection served, the inlet static pressure, the inlet residual pressure at the design flow, the required outlet pressure, and the device selected with its listed inlet range
  • seismic bracing calculations and details for the standpipe risers where bracing is required
  • a construction-phase standpipe plan where a standpipe is required during construction, showing the water supply, the fire department connection, and the elevation of the highest serviceable hose connection at each stage of the structure
Action Submittal Packagecheckbox
☑ Working drawings per NFPA 14
☑ Riser diagrams with hose connection elevations
☑ Hydraulic calculations
☑ Product data for hose valves, devices, hose stations, and signs
☑ Pressure-regulating device schedule
☐ Seismic bracing calculations and details
☐ Construction-phase standpipe plan
3.1.2 Standpipe piping shall not be fabricated or installed until the corresponding action submittals have been reviewed, returned, and approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
NOTE Standpipe submittals are reviewed by the fire code official as part of the fire protection plan review and, in a high-rise building, by the fire department operations personnel who will use the system, and a package that arrives without the riser diagram or the device schedule is the usual cause of a delayed approval at this trade. (3.1.3)

3.2 Informational Submittals

3.2.1 The Contractor shall submit the following with or before the action submittals:
  • written confirmation from the fire department of jurisdiction of the hose coupling thread it carries, the fire department connection inlet type it requires, and the fire department connection location it accepts
  • the water supply flow test report on which the hydraulic calculations are based, giving the test location, date, static pressure, residual pressure, and flow
  • the qualification of the individual who prepared the working drawings and hydraulic calculations, as required by Common Work Results Fire SuppressionCommon Work Results for Fire SuppressionResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/common-work-results-fire-suppression
Informational Submittal Packagecheckbox
☑ Fire department confirmation of thread, connection type, and location
☑ Water supply flow test report
☑ Designer qualification

3.3 Closeout Submittals

3.3.1 The Contractor shall submit the following before the standpipe system is accepted:
  • the Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Aboveground Piping, signed by the installing Contractor and witnessed as this standard requires, recording the materials and joint types installed, the flushing, the hydrostatic test, the flow test, and the operation of every alarm and supervisory device
  • as-built drawings recording field changes from the reviewed working drawings, with the installed elevation of every hose connection and the location of every pressure-regulating device
  • a commissioning record for each pressure-regulating device, recording the measured inlet and outlet pressures at the test flow and the set point as left
  • an operation and maintenance manual including the riser identification, the hose connection locations and their outlet pressures, the valve locations, the impairment procedure, and the NFPA 25 inspection, testing, and maintenance schedule for the system
  • verification that the hydraulic design information sign at each riser matches the accepted calculations
  • warranty documentation for the standpipe installation and for each listed device
  • a signed receipt from the Owner for the spare parts delivered
Closeout Submittal Packagecheckbox
☑ Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Aboveground Piping
☑ As-built drawings with installed hose connection elevations
☑ Pressure-regulating device commissioning records
☑ Operation and maintenance manual with the NFPA 25 schedule
☑ Hydraulic design information sign verification
☑ Warranty documentation
☑ Spare parts receipt

4 Quality Assurance

4.1 Designer and Installer Qualifications

4.1.1 The standpipe system shall be designed and installed by personnel holding the qualifications required by Common Work Results Fire SuppressionCommon Work Results for Fire SuppressionResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/common-work-results-fire-suppression and by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
4.1.2 Working drawings and hydraulic calculations for a standpipe system shall be prepared by an individual whose qualification the Authority Having Jurisdiction accepts for water-based fire protection system layout.

4.2 Fire Department Coordination

NOTE A hose connection is only as useful as its match to the equipment the responding department carries: a coupling thread the department does not carry, or a fire department connection inlet its supply hose cannot reach, leaves the system disconnected from the apparatus it exists to serve. (4.2.1)
4.2.2 The hose coupling thread at every hose connection, the fire department connection inlet type, the fire department connection location, and the identification signage shall be confirmed in writing with the fire department of jurisdiction before hose valves, hose station equipment, or the fire department connection are procured.
4.2.3 The Contractor shall schedule the acceptance test with the fire department and the Authority Having Jurisdiction not less than 10 working days before the test and shall provide access and assistance to their representatives throughout the test.

4.3 Component Listing

4.3.1 Hose valves, hose station equipment, pressure-regulating devices, and signs shall be listed for fire protection service on the basis indicated in the datasheet.
Component Listing Basisradio
● Listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory for fire protection service
○ Listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory and FM Approved
4.3.2 Hose valves shall be listed to UL 668.
4.3.3 Pressure-regulating valves shall be listed to UL 1468, and where the datasheet requires FM Approval they shall additionally be approved to FM 1126.
NOTE The UL 1468 listing and the FM 1126 approval test a pressure-regulating valve over different flow ranges, so a valve holding one is not necessarily holding the other, which is why an insurer's FM requirement is confirmed at procurement rather than discovered at the acceptance test. (4.3.4)
4.3.5 A listed component shall not be replaced by an unlisted product, and a listed component shall not be replaced by a different listed product without the Engineer of Record's written acceptance and the Authority Having Jurisdiction's concurrence.

5 System Classification

5.1 Standpipe Class

NOTE The class of a standpipe system names who the hose connections serve and therefore sets the outlet size, the design flow and pressure, and where the connections have to be. (5.1.1)
  • Class I provides 2-1/2 in. hose connections for use by fire department personnel and by others trained in handling heavy fire streams.
  • Class II provides 1-1/2 in. hose stations, with hose and nozzle attached, for use by occupants and building staff before the fire department arrives.
  • Class III provides both the 2-1/2 in. connections of Class I and the 1-1/2 in. hose stations of Class II.
5.1.2 The standpipe class shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Standpipe Classselect
Class I
Class II
Class III
Derived — IBC Section 905.3 applied to the height of the highest and lowest occupied floors relative to fire department vehicle access, the occupancy group, and whether the building is sprinklered throughout (by default)
NOTE IBC Section 905.3 requires a Class III system where a floor level is more than 30 ft above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access or more than 30 ft below the highest level of such access, and permits Class I in its place where the building is sprinklered throughout and in open parking garages; its remaining subsections require standpipes in assembly stages, covered malls, underground buildings, helistops, marinas, and rooftop gardens, and name the class for each. (5.1.3)
NOTE Because the Class III requirement is displaced by its own exception for buildings sprinklered throughout, the class follows from the code rather than from a preference, and on most new construction it resolves to Class I. (5.1.4)
5.1.5 A Class I system shall not be substituted for a code-required Class II or Class III system unless the occupant-use hose stations the code requires are provided separately or the substitution is accepted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

5.2 Standpipe System Type

NOTE The system type names how the piping is charged and how water reaches a hose connection once its valve is opened. (5.2.1)
  • Automatic-wet: the piping is filled with water under supply pressure at all times, and water flows the moment a hose valve opens.
  • Automatic-dry: the piping holds pressurized air or nitrogen against a dry-pipe valve, and opening a hose valve releases the air and trips the valve to admit water.
  • Semi-automatic-dry: the piping holds air, and a deluge valve is tripped by a remote control device at each hose connection to admit water.
  • Manual-wet: the piping is kept filled with water from a small connection that cannot meet the system demand, and the fire department supplies the demand through the fire department connection.
  • Manual-dry: the piping contains no water, and the fire department supplies the system entirely through the fire department connection.
5.2.2 The standpipe system type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Standpipe System Typeselect
Automatic-wet
Automatic-dry
Semi-automatic-dry
Manual-wet
Manual-dry
NOTE The class and the type are independent decisions: a Class I system can be any of the five types, and a combined sprinkler/standpipe riser is automatic-wet because the sprinklers on it require water under pressure at all times. (5.2.3)
5.2.4 A manual-wet or manual-dry system type shall not be selected for a high-rise building, which NFPA 14 requires to be served by an automatic or semi-automatic system.
5.2.5 Where the datasheet selects a manual system type, the fire department connection shall be sized and located so that it can supply the full system demand, and the hydraulic design information sign at the fire department connection shall state the inlet pressure required to deliver the demand at the hydraulically most remote hose connection.
NOTE A manual standpipe delivers nothing until an engine is connected to the fire department connection, so its response time is the department's arrival and set-up time; an automatic system delivers on demand from the building supply, at the cost of a fire pump in any building where the supply cannot meet the demand on its own. (5.2.6)
NOTE An automatic-dry or semi-automatic-dry type is used where a portion of the piping cannot be kept above 40°F; the dry-pipe or deluge valve, the air supply, and the supervisory devices those types require are governed by Dry Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsDry-Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/dry-pipe-fire-sprinkler-systems and Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping. (5.2.7)
5.2.8 Where the datasheet selects an automatic-dry or semi-automatic-dry type, the time from the opening of the hydraulically most remote hose valve to the delivery of water at that connection shall not exceed the limit NFPA 14 sets for the system type.

5.3 Riser Configuration

5.3.1 The riser configuration shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Riser Configurationradio
● Combined sprinkler/standpipe risers
○ Dedicated standpipe risers
NOTE A combined riser carries both the standpipe demand and the sprinkler supply to each floor, which saves a riser and a shaft in a sprinklered building; a dedicated riser lets either system be impaired for maintenance without taking the other out of service and is used where the two systems are zoned differently or where the Authority Having Jurisdiction requires separation. (5.3.2)
5.3.3 Where the riser configuration differs between risers in the same building, the configuration of each riser shall be as indicated on the fire protection riser diagram.
5.3.4 Each sprinkler connection from a combined riser shall be made through a floor control valve assembly furnished under Wet Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsWet-Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/wet-pipe-fire-sprinkler-systems, with the control valve supervised and the waterflow on that floor detected separately from the standpipe.

6 Pressure Limits and Zoning

6.1 Maximum System Pressure

6.1.1 The maximum pressure at any point in the system at any time shall not exceed 350 psi.
6.1.2 The maximum static pressure at the base of the standpipe shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Maximum Static Pressure at the Base of the Standpiperange
psi
5075100125150175200225250275300325350
Derived — the fire pump churn pressure added to the maximum static supply pressure at the pump suction, or the maximum static supply pressure where no fire pump is provided (by default)
6.1.3 Pipe, fittings, joints, valves, and devices at every elevation shall be rated for the maximum static pressure at that elevation, and the working pressure class of the affected portion shall be selected under Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping.
NOTE The pressure at the base of a riser is the pump churn pressure stacked on whatever the supply is doing at the suction, and on a tall riser the elevation head between the base and the top is the reason the base sees a pressure the top never does. (6.1.4)

6.2 Hose Connection Pressure Limits

6.2.1 The static pressure at any hose connection shall not exceed 175 psi, and where the static pressure at a hose connection would exceed 175 psi a listed pressure-regulating valve shall be installed at that connection to limit both the static and the residual pressure to 175 psi or less.
6.2.2 The residual pressure at a 1-1/2 in. hose connection at the design flow shall not exceed 100 psi, and where it would exceed 100 psi a pressure-regulating device shall be installed at that connection to limit it.
NOTE The 175 psi limit exists because the reaction force of a 2-1/2 in. hose stream at that pressure is already near what a small crew can control, and the lower limit at the 1-1/2 in. station reflects that occupants, not trained fire fighters, hold that line. (6.2.3)

6.3 Pressure Zones

6.3.1 The pressure zoning method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Pressure Zoning Methodselect
Single pressure zone
Multiple zones, each served by its own riser and supply
Multiple zones served by fire pumps in series
Multiple zones served through an intermediate break tank and pump
Multiple zones fed from an express riser through zone pressure-regulating valves
Per drawings — the fire protection riser diagram
6.3.2 Where the system is divided into pressure zones, the zone boundaries shall be as indicated on the fire protection riser diagram.
NOTE A building is zoned when the static pressure at the base of a single riser would exceed 350 psi, and the choice among the zoning arrangements turns on the pump room space available at intermediate levels, the reliability the Authority Having Jurisdiction requires of each zone's supply, and whether a break tank is acceptable in the building. (6.3.3)
6.3.4 Where two or more zones are served by pumps in series or through zone pressure-regulating valves, each zone shall be capable of being supplied from the fire department connection in accordance with NFPA 14.

7 Water Supply and System Demand

7.1 Demand at the Hydraulically Most Remote Hose Connection

7.1.1 For a Class I or Class III system, the water supply shall deliver not less than 500 gpm at a residual pressure of not less than 100 psi at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 2-1/2 in. hose connection.
7.1.2 For a Class II system, the water supply shall deliver not less than 100 gpm at a residual pressure of not less than 65 psi at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 1-1/2 in. hose connection.
7.1.3 Where a pressure-regulating device is installed at the hydraulically most remote hose connection, the design residual pressure shall be measured at the outlet of the device.
NOTE The 500 gpm at 100 psi figure supports one 2-1/2 in. attack line or two 1-3/4 in. lines at the most remote point in the building, and the 65 psi figure at the small hose station is the pressure below which a 1-1/2 in. stream loses the reach that makes it useful. (7.1.4)

7.2 Total System Demand

7.2.1 The total system demand shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Total System Demandrange
gpm
10050075010001250
Derived — the demand at the hydraulically most remote hose connection plus 250 gpm for each additional standpipe, limited to 1,250 gpm for a building sprinklered throughout and 1,000 gpm for a building that is not, per NFPA 14 (by default)
NOTE The total demand is arithmetic on the number of risers, not a project preference, and the 250 gpm added at each additional standpipe reflects an attack mounted from more than one stair at once. (7.2.2)
7.2.3 Where the building contains more than one standpipe, the additional 250 gpm at each additional standpipe shall be applied at the hydraulically most remote hose connection of that standpipe.

7.3 Combined System Demand

7.3.1 Where the standpipe and the sprinkler system share a water supply, the demand basis shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Combined System Demand Basisradio
○ Standpipe demand governs and the sprinkler demand is not added
○ Standpipe demand plus the sprinkler design demand
○ Not applicable, dedicated standpipe risers with a separate sprinkler supply
Derived — the riser configuration selected and whether the building is sprinklered throughout, per the water supply provisions of NFPA 14 (by default)
NOTE In a building sprinklered throughout, NFPA 14 permits the standpipe demand to serve the sprinklers as well, because the standpipe flow at the remote outlet already exceeds the sprinkler design demand on that floor; in a building that is only partly sprinklered, the sprinkler demand is added to the standpipe demand. (7.3.2)

7.4 Water Supply Source

7.4.1 The water supply source shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Water Supply Sourceselect
Public water main
Public water main with fire pump
Stored water supply with fire pump
Public water main and stored water supply with fire pump
Fire department connection only
Per drawings — the fire protection riser diagram (deferred by default)
7.4.2 The water supply data on which the hydraulic calculations are based shall be obtained from a flow test conducted at or near the site in accordance with NFPA 291 not more than 12 months before the date of submittal, and shall be as indicated on the fire protection drawings.
7.4.3 The hydraulic calculations shall demonstrate that the total system demand falls below the water supply curve, after elevation head and friction loss back to the supply, with the margin the Authority Having Jurisdiction requires.
7.4.4 Where the available supply does not deliver the demand at the hydraulically most remote hose connection, a fire pump shall be provided in accordance with Fire PumpsFire PumpsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-pumps.
NOTE In a multistory building the elevation head from the base of the riser to the top connection is usually more than a public main can overcome on its own, so the pump decision is made at schematic design, when the pump room, its electrical service, and its structural support can still be placed. (7.4.5)

8 Standpipe Risers

8.1 Riser Location and Size

8.1.1 Standpipe riser locations shall be as indicated on the fire protection plans.
8.1.2 Each standpipe shall be located within a required exit stair enclosure, or within a shaft or enclosure with the fire-resistance rating NFPA 14 requires, so that the riser and its hose connections remain usable from a protected location during a fire on the floor.
8.1.3 A Class I or Class III standpipe shall be not less than 4 in. nominal size.
8.1.4 A standpipe on a combined sprinkler/standpipe riser shall be not less than 6 in. nominal size unless the building is sprinklered throughout and the hydraulic calculations demonstrate that a 4 in. riser delivers the combined demand, as NFPA 14 permits.
8.1.5 The nominal size of each riser above the minimum shall be as indicated on the fire protection riser diagram.
NOTE The minimum sizes are a floor, not a design value; the hydraulic calculation for the total demand, the pressure zone arrangement, and the residual pressure at the top connection decide the installed size. (8.1.6)
8.1.7 Where two or more standpipes serve the same building or section of a building, they shall be interconnected in accordance with NFPA 14.

8.2 Freeze Exposure of Standpipe Piping

8.2.1 Water-filled standpipe piping shall be located only where the ambient temperature is maintained at or above 40°F.
8.2.2 The freeze protection applied to standpipe piping exposed to temperatures below 40°F shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Freeze Protection of Piping Exposed Below 40°Fselect
Not applicable, all standpipe piping within space maintained at or above 40°F
Dry system type for the exposed portion
Listed electric heat tracing with thermal insulation
Heated enclosure maintaining the piping above 40°F
NOTE Open parking structures, exterior stair towers, unconditioned penthouses, and the top of a riser that terminates at a roof connection are the portions of a standpipe that fall below 40°F in most climates, and the choice among a dry portion, heat tracing, and a heated enclosure turns on the length of the exposed run, the availability of power at it, and whether a dry-pipe valve and its air supply can be accommodated at the transition. (8.2.3)
8.2.4 Where heat tracing is selected, it shall be listed for use on fire protection piping, shall be electrically supervised, and shall be installed with the insulation and monitoring the listing requires.

8.3 Piping, Valves, and Supports

8.3.1 Pipe, fittings, joints, control valves, check valves, waterflow and supervisory switches, main drains, pressure gauges, hangers, and seismic bracing shall comply with Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping.
8.3.2 The pipe wall thickness and joining method used on the standpipe shall be limited to the combinations NFPA 14 permits for the pipe size and the pressure at each elevation.
8.3.3 Seismic bracing of standpipe risers, flexible couplings at riser penetrations, and clearance at floor penetrations shall be provided where Seismic Design CategorySeismic Design CategoryParameterEach project supplies its own value.seismic-design-category requires them under NFPA 13 Chapter 18 as invoked by NFPA 14, in accordance with Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping.
NOTE A standpipe riser is a tall column of water-filled pipe anchored to the structure at each floor, and the seismic and surge forces it delivers to its riser clamps are large enough that the structural engineer confirms the capacity of the structure at each clamp rather than assuming it. (8.3.4)
8.3.5 Each standpipe shall be provided with a listed indicating control valve at its connection to the supply, supervised open, and each valve controlling water to any portion of the system shall be supervised in accordance with NFPA 14 and NFPA 72.
8.3.6 A main drain shall be provided at the base of each standpipe, sized and arranged under Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping, and shall discharge where the volume drained from a tall riser can be received without damage.
8.3.7 Pressure gauges shall be provided at the top of each standpipe and at each location NFPA 14 requires, with the range and isolation provisions of Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping.

9 Hose Connections

9.1 Hose Connection Locations

9.1.1 Hose connection locations shall be as indicated on the fire protection plans.
9.1.2 Class I hose connections shall be provided at each of the following locations:
  • in every required exit stairway, at each floor level above and below grade
  • on each side of the wall adjacent to the exit opening of a horizontal exit
  • in a covered mall building, at each entrance to the mall from the exterior and at each entrance to an exit passageway or exit corridor from the mall
  • in every exit passageway, at the entrance from the building area into the passageway
  • at the roof, or at the highest stair landing with access to the roof, as indicated in the datasheet
  • at additional locations where the most remote portion of a floor is more than 150 ft of hose travel from a required connection in a building that is not sprinklered, or more than 200 ft in a building that is sprinklered throughout
9.1.3 The roof hose connection provision shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Roof Hose Connection Provisionselect
Hose connection on the roof
Hose connection at the highest stair landing with access to the roof
No roof hose connection
Derived — IBC Section 905.4 and NFPA 14 applied to the roof slope and to whether a stair provides access to the roof (by default)
NOTE A roof connection is required where the roof slope is less than 4 in 12, so that a stream can be put on a roof fire or a fire in an adjoining building from the roof, and it is also the connection from which the annual flow test is most conveniently run. (9.1.4)
9.1.5 Hose travel distance shall be measured along the path a charged hose line would follow from the connection, around obstructions and through doorways, not as a straight-line radius.
9.1.6 Class II hose stations shall be located so that every portion of every floor is within 30 ft of a nozzle attached to 100 ft of hose.
9.1.7 Where a Class III system is required, the 2-1/2 in. connections shall be located as required for Class I and the 1-1/2 in. hose stations as required for Class II.
9.1.8 The position of the hose connection within an exit stair shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Connection Position in Exit Stairsradio
● Main floor landing
○ Intermediate landing between floors
9.1.9 Where the datasheet selects the intermediate landing, the position shall be accepted by the fire code official before the working drawings are submitted.
NOTE A connection at the main floor landing lets a crew connect and charge hose in the protected stair and advance directly through the stair door onto the fire floor; a connection at the intermediate landing keeps the connection and the standing hose out of the door swing and off the floor landing, at the cost of a half flight of hose in the stair. (9.1.10)
9.1.11 Hose connections shall be located so that a hose line advanced from the connection does not pass through a door that closes on it, a fire shutter, or a gate.

9.2 Hose Connection Mounting

9.2.1 Hose valves shall be installed with the outlet not less than 3 ft and not more than 5 ft above the floor, at the height indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Valve Outlet Height Above Finished Floorrange
in.
3642485460
NOTE The permitted band keeps the valve reachable by an operator in turnout gear without stooping or reaching above the shoulder while the weight of a charged line hangs from it. (9.2.2)
9.2.3 Hose valves shall be installed so that the outlet is unobstructed, so that the handwheel can be turned by hand with a hose coupling attached, and so that the valve does not project into the required stair width.
9.2.4 Hose connections in stair enclosures shall be coordinated with the handrail and the stair door swing so that a connected hose can be advanced out of the stair without binding.

9.3 Hose Valves

9.3.1 Each Class I hose connection shall be a 2-1/2 in. listed hose valve, and each Class II hose connection shall be a 1-1/2 in. listed hose valve.
9.3.2 The hose valve body pattern shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Valve Body Patternradio
● Angle pattern
○ Straight-way pattern
NOTE An angle valve turns the outlet downward and gives the connected hose a natural anchor against the wall; a straight-way valve projects the outlet from the face of the riser and is used where the valve is mounted on a horizontal branch or inside a cabinet. (9.3.3)
9.3.4 The hose valve finish shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Valve Finishselect
Rough brass
Polished brass
Rough chrome-plated brass
Polished chrome-plated brass
9.3.5 Each hose valve outlet shall be fitted with a cap secured to the valve body by a chain or cable.
9.3.6 Each hose valve shall be rated for the maximum static pressure at its elevation.

9.4 Hose Connection Thread

9.4.1 The hose coupling thread at every hose connection shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Connection Threadradio
○ NH (National Hose) thread per NFPA 1963
○ Local fire department thread
Derived — the hose coupling thread carried by the fire department of jurisdiction, confirmed in writing before procurement (by default)
NOTE NFPA 1963 defines the national hose thread, and NFPA 14 requires that thread unless the fire department of jurisdiction has adopted a different one; several older eastern cities retain their own thread standards, and a connection cut to the national thread in one of them is unusable without an adapter. (9.4.2)
9.4.3 Where the local fire department thread differs from the national hose thread, the thread designation shall be stated on the working drawings and on the product data for every hose valve and hose station.

10 Pressure-Regulating Devices

10.1 Device Selection

NOTE Two families of device limit hose connection pressure, and NFPA 14 assigns each to a condition. (10.1.1)
  • A pressure-restricting device is an orifice or restricted-travel valve that reduces the pressure while water is flowing but does not limit the static pressure, and it is permitted only where the static pressure is within the hose connection limit.
  • A pressure-regulating valve controls the outlet pressure under both flowing and static conditions to a set point, and it is required wherever the static pressure at the connection exceeds the limit.
10.1.2 The pressure-regulating device types used on the system shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Pressure-Regulating Device Typescheckbox
☐ Pressure-restricting devices
☐ Pressure-regulating hose valves
☐ In-line pressure-regulating valves serving a zone
☐ No pressure-regulating devices
Derived — the static and residual pressures at each hose connection compared with the hose connection pressure limits of NFPA 14 (by default)
10.1.3 The device installed at each hose connection and its required outlet pressure shall be as indicated on the pressure-regulating device schedule.
10.1.4 Each device shall be selected so that the inlet static and residual pressures at its connection fall within the inlet pressure range of its listing.
NOTE A pressure-regulating valve listed for an inlet pressure of 250 psi installed where the inlet reaches 300 psi is outside its listing, and the schedule this standard requires exists so that the inlet pressure at every floor is checked against the range of the valve selected for that floor. (10.1.5)
10.1.6 A pressure-regulating valve shall not be installed where the static pressure at its inlet is within the hose connection limit unless the residual pressure at the design flow would exceed the limit.
10.1.7 Each pressure-regulating valve shall be field-adjustable and shall be arranged so that its inlet and outlet pressures can be read on gauges during testing.

10.2 Pressure-Regulating Valve Test Drain Riser

10.2.1 The drain riser provision for pressure-regulating valve testing shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Pressure-Regulating Valve Test Drain Riserradio
○ Drain riser adjacent to each standpipe equipped with pressure-regulating hose valves
○ Not provided, no pressure-regulating hose valves installed
Derived — whether pressure-regulating hose valves are installed on the standpipe, per NFPA 14 (by default)
10.2.2 Where pressure-regulating hose valves are installed, a drain riser not less than 3 in. nominal size shall be installed adjacent to each standpipe so equipped, with a hose valve at each floor level sized to receive the full flow of the pressure-regulating valve on that floor.
NOTE A pressure-regulating valve is tested at full flow, and without a drain riser the only way to flow 250 gpm on the fortieth floor is to run hose down the stair; the drain riser is what makes the acceptance test and the five-year NFPA 25 full-flow test possible without flooding the floor. (10.2.3)
10.2.4 The drain riser shall discharge at the base of the building to a location that can receive the full test flow without damage.

11 Occupant-Use Hose Stations

11.1 Requirements in this section apply where the datasheet selects Class II or Class III.
11.2 The Class III outlet arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Class III Outlet Arrangementradio
○ Separate 2-1/2 in. hose valve and 1-1/2 in. hose station at each location
○ 2-1/2 in. hose valve with a 2-1/2 in. by 1-1/2 in. reducer and cap
NOTE NFPA 14 permits the 1-1/2 in. outlet of a Class III system to be furnished as a reducer on the 2-1/2 in. hose valve where the Authority Having Jurisdiction accepts it, which removes the hose station and its cabinet from the stair but leaves no hose for occupants to use. (11.3)
11.4 Where the datasheet selects the reducer arrangement, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have accepted it before the working drawings are submitted.
11.5 The equipment furnished at each occupant-use hose station shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Occupant-Use Hose Station Equipmentradio
○ Hose valve, hose rack, 1-1/2 in. hose, and nozzle
○ Hose valve with cap, hose not furnished
NOTE NFPA 14 permits the hose to be omitted from a 1-1/2 in. hose connection where the Authority Having Jurisdiction accepts that the building's occupants will not use it, in which case the connection serves fire department personnel with hose brought from the apparatus. (11.6)
11.7 Where hose is furnished, it shall be listed 1-1/2 in. lined fire hose complying with NFPA 1961, of the length indicated in the datasheet, mounted on a listed hose rack that pays the hose out without kinking when the valve is opened.
Occupant-Use Hose Lengthrange
ft
5075100
NOTE The hose station coverage rule assumes 100 ft of hose, so a shorter hose requires more stations to cover the same floor; a shorter hose is lighter and easier for an occupant to advance and is used where the floor plate is small enough to be covered by it. (11.8)
11.9 The nozzle furnished with occupant-use hose shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Occupant-Use Hose Nozzleselect
Adjustable spray nozzle
Straight stream nozzle
Combination straight stream and spray nozzle
NOTE An adjustable spray nozzle lets an untrained operator open a fog pattern that shields against radiant heat; a straight stream nozzle reaches farther and is simpler to operate; a combination nozzle offers both patterns at the cost of a more complex device to maintain. (11.10)
11.11 The hose station cabinet shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Station Cabinet Mountingselect
Recessed cabinet
Semi-recessed cabinet
Surface-mounted cabinet
No cabinet, exposed rack
11.12 Occupant-use hose station locations shall be as indicated on the fire protection plans.
11.13 A hose station cabinet shall not be locked, and its door shall open fully without a key or tool.
11.14 Hose furnished under this standard shall be tagged with the date of installation, and the operation and maintenance manual shall state the NFPA 1962 inspection and service test intervals for it.

12 Fire Department Connection

12.1 A fire department connection shall be provided for every standpipe system, furnished and installed in accordance with Fire Department ConnectionsFire Department ConnectionsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-department-connections.
12.2 The fire department connection inlet count shall be sized under Fire Department ConnectionsFire Department ConnectionsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-department-connections for the total system demand established under this standard.
NOTE The fire department connection lets an engine pump water from a hydrant into the standpipe, which supplements the building supply on an automatic system, replaces it if the building supply fails, and is the only supply on a manual system. (12.3)
12.4 Where the system is divided into pressure zones, each zone shall be provided with a fire department connection, or the single connection shall be arranged to supply every zone, in accordance with NFPA 14.
12.5 The piping between the fire department connection and the standpipe shall drain automatically so that no water stands in it where it can freeze, and shall be flushed before the connection is made to the standpipe.

13 Alarm and Supervisory Devices

13.1 Waterflow alarm devices, valve supervisory switches, and low air pressure supervisory switches shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 14 and NFPA 72, furnished under Fire Protection PipingFire Protection Piping and SpecialtiesResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-protection-piping, and connected to the fire alarm system under Fire Alarm SystemsFire Alarm SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-alarm-systems.
13.2 Each automatic-wet standpipe on a dedicated riser shall be provided with a waterflow alarm device on the riser downstream of its control valve.
NOTE On a combined riser the waterflow on each floor is detected at the floor control valve assembly furnished under Wet Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsWet-Pipe Fire Sprinkler SystemsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/wet-pipe-fire-sprinkler-systems, so a separate standpipe waterflow device is provided only where NFPA 14 or the Authority Having Jurisdiction requires flow on the riser itself to be detected. (13.3)
13.4 Each automatic-dry and semi-automatic-dry standpipe shall be provided with a supervisory air pressure switch that signals a loss of air pressure to the fire alarm control unit.

14 Identification and Signage

14.1 Riser and Hose Connection Identification

14.1.1 Each standpipe riser shall be permanently identified with a letter or number designation at the base of the riser and at each floor, matching the designation on the working drawings and on the hydraulic design information sign.
14.1.2 The content of the sign at each hose connection shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Hose Connection Sign Contentcheckbox
☑ Standpipe riser designation
☑ Floor served
☐ Pressure zone served
☐ Outlet pressure of the pressure-regulating device at the design flow
14.1.3 Where a pressure-regulating device is installed at a hose connection, the sign at that connection shall state the outlet pressure at the design flow in addition to whatever the datasheet selects, as NFPA 14 requires.
NOTE The connection sign tells a crew arriving on an unfamiliar floor which riser they are on and what pressure to expect at the nozzle, and a missing pressure sign at a regulated outlet is among the most frequent deficiencies written at the acceptance inspection. (14.1.4)

14.2 Hydraulic Design Information Sign

14.2.1 A permanent hydraulic design information sign shall be affixed at each standpipe riser and at the fire department connection.
14.2.2 The sign at each riser shall state the location of the hydraulically most remote hose connection, the design flow and residual pressure at that connection, the total system demand, the inlet pressure required at the fire department connection to deliver the demand, and the pressure zone the riser serves.
14.2.3 The sign at the fire department connection shall state the inlet pressure the fire department must supply to deliver the design flow at the hydraulically most remote hose connection, and shall be furnished under Fire Department ConnectionsFire Department ConnectionsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fire-department-connections.
NOTE The engine operator at the fire department connection sets the pump discharge from this sign; under-pumping starves the top floor and over-pumping drives the base of the riser toward its pressure limit. (14.2.4)

15 Standpipes During Construction

15.1 Whether a standpipe is required during construction shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Construction-Phase Standpiperadio
○ Required
○ Not required
Derived — IFC Chapter 33 applied to whether the building requires a standpipe and to its height above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access as construction proceeds (by default)
NOTE The International Fire Code requires that, in a building that will have a standpipe, at least one standpipe be usable for fire department operations before construction exceeds 40 ft above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. (15.2)
15.3 Where a construction-phase standpipe is required, it shall be extended as construction progresses so that a hose connection is in service within one floor of the highest floor having secured decking.
15.4 The construction-phase standpipe shall be provided with a fire department connection accessible from the fire apparatus access road and with a hose connection at each floor the permanent system will serve.
15.5 The construction-phase standpipe shall be maintained in service, with its hose connections capped and its fire department connection unobstructed, until the permanent system is accepted.
NOTE The construction-phase standpipe is a serviceable Class I system for fire department use; the pressure-regulating devices, the fire pump, and the permanent fire department connection arrangement can follow, but the riser, the connections, and a supply the department can pump into have to be there while the structure is going up. (15.6)
15.7 Where the construction-phase standpipe is supplied only through its fire department connection, the connection shall be identified as serving a manual dry standpipe.

16 Testing

16.1 Flushing

16.1.1 Standpipe piping shall be flushed before the hose valves, pressure-regulating devices, and fire department connection piping are connected, at a flow not less than the total system demand or at the highest flow the supply can deliver, until the discharge runs clear.
NOTE Debris left in a riser travels to the first hose valve or pressure-regulating device opened at the acceptance test and, when the fire department connection is pumped, back into the engine, which is why the flush precedes every device connection. (16.1.2)

16.2 Hydrostatic Test

16.2.1 Standpipe piping shall be hydrostatically tested for 2 hours with no leakage and no drop in pressure at the test pressure indicated in the datasheet.
Hydrostatic Test Pressurerange
psi
200225250275300325350375400
Derived — the maximum static pressure at the base of the standpipe plus 50 psi, but not less than 200 psi, per NFPA 14 Chapter 11 (by default)
16.2.2 The test pressure shall be measured at the lowest point of the portion under test, and the portion under test shall include every joint that will be concealed.
NOTE On a tall riser the test pressure read at the base is reduced by the elevation head at the top, so the base pressure is set so that the margin above the working pressure holds at every elevation, not only at the gauge. (16.2.3)
16.2.4 Components whose rating is below the test pressure shall be isolated or removed before the test and reinstalled after it.
16.2.5 Piping that leaks under test shall be repaired by remaking the joint, and the portion shall be retested at the Contractor's expense.

16.3 Flow Test

16.3.1 The system shall be flow tested at the hydraulically most remote 2-1/2 in. hose connection of each standpipe and, for a Class II or Class III system, at the hydraulically most remote 1-1/2 in. hose connection, to demonstrate the flow and residual pressure this standard requires.
16.3.2 The flow test shall be conducted with the system supplied from its normal source, with any fire pump operating in automatic mode.
16.3.3 Where the total system demand requires flow from more than one standpipe at once, the flow test shall flow each standpipe simultaneously at the demand assigned to it.
16.3.4 The flow measurement methods permitted on the project shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Permitted Flow Measurement Methodscheckbox
☑ Pitot gauge on a hose stream through a listed nozzle
☑ Calibrated flowmeter on a test header or hose line
16.3.5 The residual pressure shall be read on a calibrated gauge at the outlet of the hose connection under test, downstream of any pressure-regulating device installed there.
NOTE A flow test that fails to reach the required flow and pressure at the remote connection is corrected in the supply, the pump, the riser size, or the device set points, none of which is a field adjustment, which is why the demand is proven by calculation before the piping is installed. (16.3.6)
16.3.7 The pumping test through the fire department connection shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Pumping Test Through the Fire Department Connectionselect
Required, with fire department apparatus
Required, with a Contractor-furnished pump
Not required
16.3.8 Where the system type is manual, the flow test shall be conducted by pumping through the fire department connection, whatever the datasheet selects, because the connection is the system's only supply.
16.3.9 The pumping test shall record the pressure supplied at the fire department connection inlet, the flow, and the residual pressure at the hydraulically most remote hose connection.

16.4 Dry System Trip Test

16.4.1 Each automatic-dry and semi-automatic-dry standpipe shall be trip tested by opening the hydraulically most remote hose valve, and the time from the opening of the valve to the delivery of water at the connection shall be recorded.
16.4.2 A trip test in which the recorded time exceeds the limit NFPA 14 sets for the system type shall be treated as a failed test, and the system shall be corrected and retested at the Contractor's expense.

16.5 Pressure-Regulating Device Acceptance Test

16.5.1 Each pressure-regulating device shall be tested individually at the design flow for its connection, with the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure, and the flow recorded, and the device set point adjusted until the outlet pressure matches the value on the pressure-regulating device schedule.
16.5.2 The Contractor shall record the set point as left for each device and shall affix the sign this standard requires at each regulated connection before the test is closed.
NOTE A device left at its factory setting delivers whatever pressure that setting produces at the installed inlet pressure, which on a low floor is often above the hose connection limit and on a high floor often below the design residual; the per-device test is the only step that confirms the schedule was applied. (16.5.3)

16.6 Acceptance Witnesses and Records

16.6.1 The acceptance tests shall be witnessed by the parties indicated in the datasheet.
Acceptance Test Witnessescheckbox
☑ Authority Having Jurisdiction
☐ Fire department of jurisdiction
☐ Engineer of Record
☐ Owner's representative
☐ Insurance carrier representative
☐ Commissioning authority
16.6.2 The Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Aboveground Piping shall be completed for each standpipe system, signed by the Contractor and by each witness, and included in the closeout submittals.
16.6.3 The Contractor shall include in the operation and maintenance manual the NFPA 25 inspection, testing, and maintenance schedule for the system, including the quarterly inspection of hose connections and the fire department connection, the annual flow test, the five-year full-flow test of each pressure-regulating device, and the five-year hydrostatic test of a manual standpipe.
16.6.4 An inspection tag stating the date of the acceptance test shall be attached at each riser.

17 Installation

17.1 Riser Routing and Protection

17.1.1 Each standpipe riser shall be installed plumb within the enclosure indicated on the working drawings, with its base supported to the structure so that the weight of the riser is not carried by the supply piping.
17.1.2 A standpipe shall not be routed through an unprotected occupied space where a fire in that space could deny access to the hose connections the riser serves.
17.1.3 The riser and its hose connections shall remain accessible for inspection, testing, and maintenance after adjacent construction is complete.

17.2 Penetrations and Firestopping

17.2.1 Standpipe penetrations of floors and of fire-resistance-rated walls and shafts shall be sealed with a firestop system listed for the penetrating pipe and the assembly rating, in accordance with FirestoppingFirestoppingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/firestopping.
NOTE A steel riser grows and shrinks with temperature over its full height, so the firestop system at each floor is one that accommodates that movement while holding the rating rather than one that is cracked out of the opening by it. (17.2.2)
17.2.3 Sleeves and annular clearances at floor penetrations shall provide the movement NFPA 13 Chapter 18 requires where seismic bracing applies.

18 Delivery, Storage, and Handling

18.1 Pipe shall be stored off the ground on dunnage, capped at both ends, and protected from the weather.
18.2 Hose valves, pressure-regulating devices, hose station equipment, and signs shall be stored indoors in a dry location until installed, in their original packaging.
18.3 Pipe cut and threaded on site shall have cutting oil, thread lubricant, and chips removed from the bore before assembly.
NOTE Residual cutting oil and chips left in a riser lodge in the first pressure-regulating valve or hose valve seat downstream and show up as a device that will not seat or will not regulate at the acceptance test. (18.4)
18.5 Materials damaged in transit, storage, or handling shall be replaced rather than repaired unless the Engineer of Record accepts a specific repair in writing.

19 Warranty

19.1 The Contractor shall warrant the standpipe installation, including every hose valve, pressure-regulating device, hose station, and sign furnished under this standard, against defects in materials and workmanship and against leakage under the system working pressure for the period indicated in the datasheet, measured from the date of substantial completion.
Standpipe Installation Warranty Periodrange
years
1235
19.2 Where a listed device carries a manufacturer's warranty longer than the period in the datasheet, the Contractor shall assign that warranty to the Owner, and the longer period shall govern for that device.
19.3 Where the contract documents state a longer warranty period than the datasheet, the longer period shall govern.
19.4 A pressure-regulating device that drifts from its commissioned set point during the warranty period shall be re-commissioned by the Contractor at no cost to the Owner, with the test witnessed and recorded as at acceptance.
19.5 Work performed under this warranty shall itself be warranted for a full new term equal to the original period measured from the date the correction is completed, or for the remainder of the original period, whichever ends later.

20 Spare Parts

20.1 The Contractor shall deliver the spare parts indicated in the datasheet to the Owner before the system is accepted, packaged in labeled containers, and shall obtain a signed receipt for them.
Spare Parts to Be Furnishedcheckbox
☑ One hose valve cap and chain for each hose connection size
☐ One pressure gauge of each range installed
☐ One repair kit or diaphragm for each pressure-regulating valve model installed
☐ One spanner wrench for each hose connection size
☐ One replacement nozzle for each occupant-use nozzle type installed
20.2 Spare parts shall be the same make and model as the installed items and shall be delivered in their original unopened packaging.
20.3 The operation and maintenance manual shall state that pressure-regulating valve diaphragms have a finite shelf life and shall state the replacement interval the manufacturer publishes for the spare.

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