Steel Deck
Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
Showing changes from Rev 6
to Rev 7
in Steel Deck.
---
title: Steel Deck
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### Steel deck is a thin-gauge cold-formed product, and its service life depends on protecting the base steel from corrosion. {note}
+### The service environment shall be specified for each area of the deck so that the governing coating designation can be selected.
+
```datasheet
label: Service Environment
…52 unchanged lines
### Substituting a deck not listed in the referenced UL design voids the fire rating; UL fire-resistance designs specify the deck profile, gauge, finish, concrete topping (where applicable), and any required fireproofing application. {note}
−# Materials {toc}
+# Base Steel {toc}
−## Base Steel {toc}
−
```datasheet
label: Base Steel Specification
…7 unchanged lines
```
−### ASTM A653 covers hot-dip galvanized and zinc-iron alloy coated sheet steel and is the standard specification for nearly all steel deck supplied in North America. {note}
−### Structural Steel (SS) Grade 33 (33 ksi minimum yield) is the default for roof deck and non-composite form deck profiles in the most common gauges. {note}
−### Composite floor deck profiles typically use Grade 50 (50 ksi minimum yield) to achieve the section capacity needed for the composite-slab span and load tables. {note}
−### Grade 80 may be used for roof deck where higher strength reduces required gauge, but the section properties of the cold-formed profile, not the base material strength alone, control the design.
−### ASTM A1008 cold-rolled sheet without integral galvanizing is used only where the deck will receive a separately applied finish; nearly all commercial deck production uses A653 because it incorporates galvanizing in the same continuous process. {note}
+## ASTM A653 covers hot-dip galvanized and zinc-iron alloy coated sheet steel and is the standard specification for nearly all steel deck supplied in North America. {note}
+## Structural Steel (SS) Grade 33 (33 ksi minimum yield) is the default for roof deck and non-composite form deck profiles in the most common gauges. {note}
+## Composite floor deck profiles typically use Grade 50 (50 ksi minimum yield) to achieve the section capacity needed for the composite-slab span and load tables. {note}
+## Grade 80 may be used for roof deck where higher strength reduces required gauge, but the section properties of the cold-formed profile, not the base material strength alone, control the design.
+## ASTM A1008 cold-rolled sheet without integral galvanizing is used only where the deck will receive a separately applied finish; nearly all commercial deck production uses A653 because it incorporates galvanizing in the same continuous process. {note}
−## Deck Profile {toc}
+# Deck Profile {toc}
−### Steel deck is classified by its function and its profile geometry. {note}
+## Steel deck is classified by its function and its profile geometry. {note}
−```datasheet
−label: Deck Function
−type: select
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− - "Composite floor deck (acts compositely with concrete topping)"
− - "Non-composite form deck (concrete slab carries gravity load; deck is permanent form)"
− - "Roof deck (Type B, Type N, Type A, or Type F)"
− - "Combination — composite floor deck and roof deck on same project"
−default: "Composite floor deck (acts compositely with concrete topping)"
−```
+## Where composite floor deck is used, the deck depth shall be specified to match the required span and loading.
```datasheet
−label: Roof Deck Profile (SDI Classification)
−type: select
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− - "Not applicable — floor deck only"
− - "Type A — narrow-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (legacy profile, limited current production)"
− - "Type F — intermediate-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (legacy profile, limited current production)"
− - "Type B — wide-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (industry standard for typical commercial roofing)"
− - "Type N — deep-rib, 3 in. depth (long-span roof deck)"
− - "Deep deck — 4-1/2 in. to 7-1/2 in. depth (very long span or low-slope long-span roofs)"
−default: "Type B — wide-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (industry standard for typical commercial roofing)"
−```
−
−```datasheet
label: Composite Floor Deck Depth
type: select
…8 unchanged lines
```
+## Where non-composite form deck is used, the deck depth shall be specified to match the required span and slab loading.
+
```datasheet
label: Non-Composite Form Deck Depth
…9 unchanged lines
```
−### The structural drawings shall identify the deck function (composite, non-composite, or roof) and either the SDI profile classification or the manufacturer's product designation.
+## The structural drawings shall identify the deck function (composite, non-composite, or roof) and either the SDI profile classification or the manufacturer's product designation.
−### The Contractor shall not substitute a different profile, even from the same manufacturer, without written approval of the SER, because section properties and load tables differ.
+```datasheet
+label: Deck Function
+type: select
+drawing_ref: true
+options:
+ - "Composite floor deck (acts compositely with concrete topping)"
+ - "Non-composite form deck (concrete slab carries gravity load; deck is permanent form)"
+ - "Roof deck (Type B, Type N, Type A, or Type F)"
+ - "Combination — composite floor deck and roof deck on same project"
+default: "Composite floor deck (acts compositely with concrete topping)"
+```
−### Type A and Type F narrow- and intermediate-rib profiles have largely been displaced by Type B in current production and should not be specified for new construction unless a specific reason exists.
+```datasheet
+label: Roof Deck Profile (SDI Classification)
+type: select
+drawing_ref: true
+options:
+ - "Not applicable — floor deck only"
+ - "Type A — narrow-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (legacy profile, limited current production)"
+ - "Type F — intermediate-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (legacy profile, limited current production)"
+ - "Type B — wide-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (industry standard for typical commercial roofing)"
+ - "Type N — deep-rib, 3 in. depth (long-span roof deck)"
+ - "Deep deck — 4-1/2 in. to 7-1/2 in. depth (very long span or low-slope long-span roofs)"
+default: "Type B — wide-rib, 1-1/2 in. depth (industry standard for typical commercial roofing)"
+```
−### Type B (1-1/2 in. wide-rib) is the dominant roof deck profile in current commercial construction, pairs well with rigid insulation board over single-ply and built-up membrane roofing, and is universally available; Type N (3 in. deep-rib) is specified for longer spans (typically 12 ft to 18 ft), and deep deck profiles (4-1/2 in. to 7-1/2 in.) for very long spans (20 ft to 35 ft or more) in warehouses, distribution centers, and large arenas. {note}
+## The Contractor shall not substitute a different profile, even from the same manufacturer, without written approval of the SER, because section properties and load tables differ.
−### Composite floor deck is supplied in three predominant depths: 2 in. (most common, spanning typical 8 ft to 12 ft bays with a finished slab thickness of 4-1/2 in. to 6-1/2 in.), 1-1/2 in. (shorter spans, lower loads, or constrained floor depth), and 3 in. (longer spans of 12 ft to 16 ft and heavier loads, reducing concrete fill volume). {note}
+## Type A and Type F narrow- and intermediate-rib profiles have largely been displaced by Type B in current production and should not be specified for new construction unless a specific reason exists.
−### Non-composite form deck does not contribute to the structural capacity of the slab and is designed only to resist the wet weight of the concrete plus construction loads as a permanent form; the slab is reinforced as a conventional reinforced concrete slab (see [[sync/concrete-reinforcement]]), and form deck depth is selected primarily for the construction-phase span between supports. {note}
+## Type B (1-1/2 in. wide-rib) is the dominant roof deck profile in current commercial construction, pairs well with rigid insulation board over single-ply and built-up membrane roofing, and is universally available; Type N (3 in. deep-rib) is specified for longer spans (typically 12 ft to 18 ft), and deep deck profiles (4-1/2 in. to 7-1/2 in.) for very long spans (20 ft to 35 ft or more) in warehouses, distribution centers, and large arenas. {note}
−## Gauge and Design Thickness {toc}
+## Composite floor deck is supplied in three predominant depths: 2 in. (most common, spanning typical 8 ft to 12 ft bays with a finished slab thickness of 4-1/2 in. to 6-1/2 in.), 1-1/2 in. (shorter spans, lower loads, or constrained floor depth), and 3 in. (longer spans of 12 ft to 16 ft and heavier loads, reducing concrete fill volume). {note}
−### Steel deck gauge is identified by gauge number (16, 18, 20, 22) where lower gauge numbers indicate thicker steel. {note}
−### Each gauge corresponds to a design thickness used in cold-formed steel calculations per AISI S100; the design thickness is approximately 95% of the minimum delivered base-steel thickness, reflecting the AISI convention that excludes coatings from the structural calculation. {note}
+## Non-composite form deck does not contribute to the structural capacity of the slab and is designed only to resist the wet weight of the concrete plus construction loads as a permanent form; the slab is reinforced as a conventional reinforced concrete slab (see [[sync/concrete-reinforcement]]), and form deck depth is selected primarily for the construction-phase span between supports. {note}
+# Gauge and Design Thickness {toc}
+
+## Steel deck gauge is identified by gauge number (16, 18, 20, 22) where lower gauge numbers indicate thicker steel. {note}
+## Each gauge corresponds to a design thickness used in cold-formed steel calculations per AISI S100; the design thickness is approximately 95% of the minimum delivered base-steel thickness, reflecting the AISI convention that excludes coatings from the structural calculation. {note}
+
+## The deck gauge shall be specified for each deck type based on the required section capacity, diaphragm capacity, and fastener pull-out resistance.
+
```datasheet
label: Deck Gauge
…8 unchanged lines
```
−### The Contractor shall not substitute a lighter gauge than specified, because gauge directly controls section capacity, diaphragm capacity, and fastener pull-out resistance.
+## The Contractor shall not substitute a lighter gauge than specified, because gauge directly controls section capacity, diaphragm capacity, and fastener pull-out resistance.
−### 22 gauge is the lightest gauge in common production (short-span roof deck under light loads, rarely specified except for re-roof matching); 20 gauge is standard for typical Type B roof deck and non-composite form deck; 18 gauge is standard for composite floor deck and heavier roof loads; 16 gauge is specified for composite deck at longer spans (12 ft or greater), heavy floor loads, or high-diaphragm-capacity roof deck. {note}
+## 22 gauge is the lightest gauge in common production (short-span roof deck under light loads, rarely specified except for re-roof matching); 20 gauge is standard for typical Type B roof deck and non-composite form deck; 18 gauge is standard for composite floor deck and heavier roof loads; 16 gauge is specified for composite deck at longer spans (12 ft or greater), heavy floor loads, or high-diaphragm-capacity roof deck. {note}
−## Deck Length and End-Lap Conditions {toc}
+# Deck Length and End-Lap Conditions {toc}
```datasheet
…6 unchanged lines
```
−### Deck panels shall be furnished in lengths that minimize the number of end laps and maximize the use of the deck's continuous-span capacity.
+## Deck panels shall be furnished in lengths that minimize the number of end laps and maximize the use of the deck's continuous-span capacity.
−### The Contractor shall lay out panels per the shop drawings to achieve continuous-span behavior wherever the structural design relies on it.
+## The Contractor shall lay out panels per the shop drawings to achieve continuous-span behavior wherever the structural design relies on it.
−### SDI tables present allowable loads for single-span, two-span continuous, and three-span continuous conditions; three-span and two-span continuous conditions produce significantly higher capacity than single-span because of moment redistribution at the interior supports. {note}
+## SDI tables present allowable loads for single-span, two-span continuous, and three-span continuous conditions; three-span and two-span continuous conditions produce significantly higher capacity than single-span because of moment redistribution at the interior supports. {note}
−### End laps shall occur at a support and shall not be floated between supports.
+## End laps shall occur at a support and shall not be floated between supports.
−### Lapped end joints are the standard SDI detail for roof deck and non-composite form deck and shall have a minimum lap of 2 in. with the lap attached to the support through both layers.
+## Lapped end joints are the standard SDI detail for roof deck and non-composite form deck and shall have a minimum lap of 2 in. with the lap attached to the support through both layers.
−### Butted end joints are common for composite floor deck where end-lap leakage of fresh concrete would be problematic; butted joints shall have attachment to the support of both panels and shall be backed by a butt strip where required by the manufacturer or by the contract drawings.
+## Butted end joints are common for composite floor deck where end-lap leakage of fresh concrete would be problematic; butted joints shall have attachment to the support of both panels and shall be backed by a butt strip where required by the manufacturer or by the contract drawings.
# Attachment to Supports {toc}
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### Heavier patterns produce higher diaphragm capacity but require more fasteners and more labor. {note}
+### The support fastener pattern shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the structural framing plans and deck attachment schedule]].
+
```datasheet
label: Support Fastener Pattern
…8 unchanged lines
```
−### The support fastener pattern shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the structural framing plans and deck attachment schedule]].
−
### Deck designed as a diaphragm element shall use the pattern specified on the drawings without substitution, because the diaphragm shear capacity is computed from the specific pattern and fastener type.
…246 unchanged lines
### Roof deck is the structural substrate for the roofing assembly but is not the roofing system itself. {note}
+### The roof insulation, cover board, membrane, fasteners, and flashings are governed by the roofing specifications and shall be coordinated with the deck profile and the deck's ability to receive roofing fasteners.
+
```datasheet
label: Roof Deck Top Surface
…5 unchanged lines
```
−### The roof insulation, cover board, membrane, fasteners, and flashings are governed by the roofing specifications and shall be coordinated with the deck profile and the deck's ability to receive roofing fasteners.
−
### Single-ply membrane systems require an insulation or cover board substrate over the deck flutes; the deck flutes themselves are not a usable substrate for membrane bonding. {note}
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## The Contractor's warranty shall not limit the SER's right to require corrective work for nonconforming conditions discovered during the warranty period, including conditions concealed by subsequent work that are exposed during routine maintenance or alteration.