Window Treatments
Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
Showing changes from Rev 5
to Rev 6
in Window Treatments.
---
title: Window Treatments
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| NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code (low-voltage and line-voltage shade power and control wiring) |
−## Materials, fabrication, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted editions of the referenced standards and codes.
## Where the contract documents, the adopted building or fire code, or a referenced standard impose more stringent requirements than another, the more stringent requirement shall govern.
## The Contractor shall resolve conflicts in writing with the Architect before proceeding.
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### For motorized banks, a full-module mock-up additionally verifies that grouped shades stop at a consistent height (level deployment across the bank), which is a common and visible deficiency. {note}
+### A mock-up of each shade type and fabric shall be installed at a representative opening for the Architect to confirm fabric color, openness, light gap, fascia alignment, and the visual consistency and alignment of adjacent shades before the balance is fabricated.
+### For motorized banks, a full-module mock-up shall verify that grouped shades stop at a consistent, level height across the bank.
+
```datasheet
label: Mock-Up Required
…6 unchanged lines
```
−### A mock-up of each shade type and fabric shall be installed at a representative opening for the Architect to confirm fabric color, openness, light gap, fascia alignment, and the visual consistency and alignment of adjacent shades before the balance is fabricated.
−### For motorized banks, a full-module mock-up shall verify that grouped shades stop at a consistent, level height across the bank.
−
## Field Measurement {toc}
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### Direct beam sun on east and west façades produces the most severe glare at low sun angles and generally requires a low openness factor, a dual shade, or automated control; south façades take high-angle sun that is more readily managed; north façades and interior borrowed-light openings take diffuse light and tolerate a high openness that preserves the view. {note}
+### The window-treatment schedule shall identify the controlling glare and solar condition for each shade by orientation.
+
```datasheet
label: Controlling Solar / Glare Condition
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default: "East / West façade — direct low-angle sun, severe glare (low openness or dual shade)"
```
−
−### The window-treatment schedule shall identify the controlling glare and solar condition for each shade by orientation.
### The openness factor and solar properties shall be selected to suit the controlling glare and solar condition identified for each shade.
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### Draperies on a track system are used where a soft, full-height fabric appearance is desired and where stack-back at the jamb is acceptable. {note}
+### The shade type shall be specified for each window based on the required light control, opacity, and appearance.
+
```datasheet
label: Shade Type
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### The fabric color interacts with openness: a dark fabric of a given openness controls glare better and gives a sharper view-through, while a light fabric of the same openness reflects more solar heat back out and produces more interior glare from diffuse brightness. {note}
+### The openness factor shall be selected together with the orientation identified above.
+
```datasheet
label: Solar Shade Fabric Openness Factor
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```
−### The openness factor shall be selected together with the orientation identified above.
−
## Solar Optical Properties {toc}
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### Visible transmittance Tv governs how much daylight and view pass through and is closely tied to glare: a lower Tv means stronger glare control and a darker room. {note}
+### The solar optical properties shall be documented for each scheduled fabric.
+### The solar optical properties shall be selected so the shade meets the glare and solar-heat objective for its orientation while supporting any daylighting credit under ASHRAE 90.1.
+
```datasheet
label: Solar Reflectance (Rs) — exterior-facing fabric side
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```
−### The solar optical properties shall be documented for each scheduled fabric.
−### The solar optical properties shall be selected so the shade meets the glare and solar-heat objective for its orientation while supporting any daylighting credit under ASHRAE 90.1.
−
## Blackout and Room-Darkening Opacity {toc}
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### Most escaping light at a blackout shade comes around the edges, not through the cloth. {note}
+### The Contractor shall not represent a dense solar or room-darkening fabric as blackout.
+### True blackout requires an opaque fabric and, to actually darken a room, side and sill light-control channels as described under Mounting and Light Control.
+
```datasheet
label: Light Control Through Fabric Body
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```
−### The Contractor shall not represent a dense solar or room-darkening fabric as blackout.
−### True blackout requires an opaque fabric and, to actually darken a room, side and sill light-control channels as described under Mounting and Light Control.
−
## Fabric Fire Performance {toc}
### NFPA 701 is the correct fire test for a freely hanging fabric, which limits weight loss and residual flaming after a controlled flame exposure, and compliance is mandatory regardless of any other requirement. {note}
−```datasheet
−label: Fabric Flame Propagation (NFPA 701)
−type: radio
−options:
− - "NFPA 701 compliant (standard, required for all hanging shade and drapery fabric)"
−default: "NFPA 701 compliant (standard, required for all hanging shade and drapery fabric)"
−```
+### Where the fabric is installed in a plenum or other location regulated for interior finish, the required ASTM E84 surface-burning classification shall be specified.
```datasheet
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### Every shade and drapery fabric installed under this standard shall pass NFPA 701, the flame-propagation test for hanging textiles and films.
+```datasheet
+label: Fabric Flame Propagation (NFPA 701)
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "NFPA 701 compliant (standard, required for all hanging shade and drapery fabric)"
+default: "NFPA 701 compliant (standard, required for all hanging shade and drapery fabric)"
+```
+
## Antimicrobial / Antifungal Fabric {toc}
### In dry, conditioned offices a standard fabric is appropriate. {note}
+### An antifungal/antimicrobial fabric should be specified for healthcare spaces, natatoriums, kitchens, and other high-humidity environments where mold or microbial growth on the fabric is a concern, with fungal resistance demonstrated to ASTM G21 or AATCC 30 and antimicrobial activity, where claimed, demonstrated to ASTM E2180.
+
```datasheet
label: Antimicrobial / Antifungal Fabric
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```
−### An antifungal/antimicrobial fabric should be specified for healthcare spaces, natatoriums, kitchens, and other high-humidity environments where mold or microbial growth on the fabric is a concern, with fungal resistance demonstrated to ASTM G21 or AATCC 30 and antimicrobial activity, where claimed, demonstrated to ASTM E2180.
−
## Low-Emitting Fabric {toc}
### Shade fabric is a large interior surface in occupied spaces; a low-emitting fabric certified to GREENGUARD Gold (tested to UL 2818 against the CDPH 01350 emission criteria) limits volatile-organic-compound emissions and supports indoor-air-quality and green-building objectives. {note}
### It is the default for occupied commercial and institutional projects. {note}
+### Where specified, the shade fabric shall be certified low-emitting to GREENGUARD Gold (tested to UL 2818 against the CDPH 01350 emission criteria).
+
```datasheet
label: Low-Emitting (GREENGUARD Gold / UL 2818) Certification
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```
−### Where specified, the shade fabric shall be certified low-emitting to GREENGUARD Gold (tested to UL 2818 against the CDPH 01350 emission criteria).
−
## Colorfastness to Light {toc}
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### An undersized tube on a wide shade deflects under its own load and causes the fabric to wander and telescope (creep toward one end as it rolls), which is the most common roller-shade defect. {note}
+### The roller tube diameter shall be sized by the manufacturer for the shade width, the rolled-up fabric volume at full height, and the fabric weight, so that tube deflection across the span is limited and the fabric tracks straight.
+
```datasheet
label: Roller Tube Sizing
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default: "Manufacturer-sized aluminum/steel tube for the scheduled width, height, and fabric (limit deflection)"
```
−
−### The roller tube diameter shall be sized by the manufacturer for the shade width, the rolled-up fabric volume at full height, and the fabric weight, so that tube deflection across the span is limited and the fabric tracks straight.
### The maximum width of a single shade band before it must be split into two bands on a shared bracket shall not exceed the manufacturer's limit for the selected tube and fabric.
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### For banks of shades a continuous mounting rail or extrusion aligns adjacent shades and supports a continuous fascia. {note}
+### The mounting bracket type shall be specified as manufacturer's end brackets or a continuous mounting rail, based on whether shades are installed individually or in a bank.
+
```datasheet
label: Mounting Brackets
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### An open roll with no concealment is acceptable only in utility and back-of-house spaces. {note}
+### For a recessed ceiling pocket, the pocket size, the closure/light-baffle at the pocket opening, and the access for service shall be coordinated with [[sync/gypsum-board-assemblies]] and detailed on the drawings.
+### An open roll with no concealment shall be used only in utility and back-of-house spaces.
+
```datasheet
label: Roll Concealment
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default: "Fascia — removable extrusion concealing the roll, exposed mount (standard)"
```
−
−### For a recessed ceiling pocket, the pocket size, the closure/light-baffle at the pocket opening, and the access for service shall be coordinated with [[sync/gypsum-board-assemblies]] and detailed on the drawings.
−### An open roll with no concealment shall be used only in utility and back-of-house spaces.
### Pocket and fascia dimensions shall be confirmed against the final fabric and height, because they depend on the tube diameter and rolled fabric volume.
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### A concealed (internal) hembar sealed in a fabric pocket is the standard appearance; an exposed hembar in a coordinated finish is used where a visible bottom bar is acceptable; a wrapped hembar is used on blackout and room-darkening shades to avoid a light line at the bottom edge. {note}
+### The hembar type shall be specified based on the shade fabric and the desired appearance of the bottom edge.
+
```datasheet
label: Hembar Type
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### Manual chain operation is the economical default for most openings, using a continuous-loop bead chain and a spring clutch. {note}
### Motorization is specified where shades are out of reach, where a bank must deploy in unison, where automated daylighting or façade control is intended, or where the cord-safety analysis favors eliminating the operating cord entirely.
−### Low-voltage DC motors are the common commercial choice — they are quiet, suit RF and wired control, and avoid an electrician at each shade — while line-voltage AC motors are used for larger shades or where the infrastructure favors them. {note}
−### Battery and rechargeable motors are limited to retrofit and small quantities because of the ongoing battery-service burden. {note}
```datasheet
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default: "Manual — continuous-loop bead chain clutch with cord-safety tension/retention device"
```
+### Low-voltage DC motors are the common commercial choice — they are quiet, suit RF and wired control, and avoid an electrician at each shade — while line-voltage AC motors are used for larger shades or where the infrastructure favors them. {note}
+### Battery and rechargeable motors are limited to retrofit and small quantities because of the ongoing battery-service burden. {note}
## Cord Safety — ANSI/WCMA A100.1 {toc}
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### The standard's strong preference is for cordless or inaccessible-cord products. {note}
+### In spaces accessible to children — schools, daycares, pediatric and patient areas, residential occupancies — operation shall be cordless (motorized) or shall use an inaccessible-cord design.
+
```datasheet
label: Operating-Cord Safety (ANSI/WCMA A100.1)
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default: "Cordless or inaccessible-cord operation (motorized or cordless) — default, required in spaces accessible to children"
```
−
−### In spaces accessible to children — schools, daycares, pediatric and patient areas, residential occupancies — operation shall be cordless (motorized) or shall use an inaccessible-cord design.
### Where a continuous-loop bead chain is used, it shall be installed with the manufacturer's permanently mounted tension or hold-down device so that no hazardous free loop can form, and the device shall be fastened to the structure.
### Corded products with accessible pull cords shall be limited to the restricted custom-order conditions ANSI/WCMA A100.1 permits, with the standard's cord-length and retention provisions, and shall not be used in spaces accessible to children.
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### Motorized operation with a reachable switch or automatic control satisfies the accessible-operation requirement directly and is often the simplest path to compliance at hard-to-reach openings. {note}
+### At openings on an accessible route, the shade's operable parts — the chain, wall switch, or control — shall be within the reach range (15 in. to 48 in. above the floor for an unobstructed reach) and operable with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, per ICC A117.1 and the ADA Standards.
+
```datasheet
label: Accessible Operation (ICC A117.1 / ADA)
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```
−### At openings on an accessible route, the shade's operable parts — the chain, wall switch, or control — shall be within the reach range (15 in. to 48 in. above the floor for an unobstructed reach) and operable with one hand without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist, per ICC A117.1 and the ADA Standards.
−
## Motor Power and Listing {toc}
### Low-voltage DC motors are powered from a listed Class 2 shade power supply. {note}
+### The motor power source shall be specified as low-voltage DC, line-voltage AC, or battery, and coordinated with the electrical work.
+
```datasheet
label: Motor Power Source
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### Ceiling and recessed-pocket mounts hang the shade from above and are coordinated with the ceiling and the pocket. {note}
+### The mounting condition — inside, outside, ceiling, or recessed pocket — shall be specified for each window and coordinated with the surrounding construction.
+
```datasheet
label: Mounting Condition
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### For blackout and room-darkening shades it is everything: most of the light that reaches a "blackened" room comes around the fabric edges, not through it. {note}
+### To achieve genuine room darkening the fabric edges shall be captured in side channels at both jambs.
+
```datasheet
label: Side / Sill Light-Control Channels (blackout/room-darkening)
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default: "Not provided — gaps at jambs and sill acceptable (solar/screen shades)"
```
−
−### To achieve genuine room darkening the fabric edges shall be captured in side channels at both jambs.
### For the most demanding applications (auditoria, imaging rooms, projection and media spaces) a sill channel shall capture the hembar as well, closing the perimeter.
### The Contractor shall not represent a blackout shade without perimeter channels as achieving full darkening.
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# Installation {toc}
−## General {toc}
+## The Contractor shall install all window treatments level, plumb, and at the locations and mounting conditions shown, in accordance with this standard, the contract documents, and the manufacturer's instructions.
+## Shades shall be field-measured and fabricated to the as-built openings.
+## Brackets, fascia, pockets, and channels shall be aligned within the bank and across the façade.
−### The Contractor shall install all window treatments level, plumb, and at the locations and mounting conditions shown, in accordance with this standard, the contract documents, and the manufacturer's instructions.
−### Shades shall be field-measured and fabricated to the as-built openings.
−### Brackets, fascia, pockets, and channels shall be aligned within the bank and across the façade.
−
## Anchorage and Blocking {toc}
### The operating loads, the weight of a wide shade, and the handling of the shade in service will pull a gypsum-only anchor loose; like grab-bar backing, shade blocking cannot be added after the wall or ceiling is closed without demolition. {note}
+### Shade brackets, mounting rails, fascia, pockets, side/sill channels, and drapery tracks shall be anchored to solid blocking, backing, or structure and shall not be fastened to gypsum board alone.
+
```datasheet
label: Bracket Anchorage
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default: "Anchored to solid blocking, backing, or structure (no gypsum-only anchors) (standard)"
```
−
−### Shade brackets, mounting rails, fascia, pockets, side/sill channels, and drapery tracks shall be anchored to solid blocking, backing, or structure and shall not be fastened to gypsum board alone.
### Blocking for shade brackets and ceiling pockets shall be installed during rough framing in coordination with [[sync/gypsum-board-assemblies]].
### The Contractor shall confirm blocking locations against the shop drawings before the substrate is closed.
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## For motorized systems, the Contractor shall turn over spare motors, control devices, and a power supply of each type, together with the configuration tool, the zone map, and the credentials required to service and reprogram the system.
## The maintenance data shall state the approved fabric-cleaning method and the recommended inspection interval for the cord-safety devices and the motorized limits.