Fan-Coil Units
Remake batch 23: rewritten from scratch under the authoring cheatsheet with datasheet constraints; scope boundaries restated against the remade neighbors
Showing changes from Rev 3
to Rev 4
in Fan-Coil Units.
---
title: Fan-Coil Units
category: Mechanical / Air Distribution
−toc_depth: 3
description: >
− When to use: Hydronic (2-pipe and 4-pipe) and DX terminal fan-coil units serving individual zones in hotels, multifamily residential, healthcare, and commercial spaces, including vertical and horizontal arrangements, concealed (ducted) and exposed (cabinet) units, and floor, ceiling, recessed, and stacked high-rise riser types with chilled water, hot water, electric, or direct-expansion coils.
−
− Not intended for: Central air-handling units (see [[sync/air-handling-units]]); variable-refrigerant-flow indoor units (see [[sync/variable-refrigerant-flow-systems]]); packaged rooftop units (see [[sync/packaged-rooftop-units]]); air terminal units metering primary air from a central system (see [[sync/air-terminal-units]]); unit ventilators specified separately for code-mandated outdoor air delivery; chilled beams; and water-source heat pump terminal units.
+ When to use: Factory-fabricated hydronic fan-coil units and blower coil units that recirculate room air across a chilled water coil, a heating water coil, or both to condition a single thermal zone from a central water plant. Covers 2-pipe and 4-pipe units with or without supplementary electric heat; horizontal and vertical arrangements; exposed cabinet, concealed, and recessed enclosures; floor, ceiling, and stacked high-rise riser types with their integral risers; the fan, motor, and speed control; filters; the drain pan and the condensate connection; the coil connection package and the control package as furnish decisions; AHRI 440 ratings and AHRI 350 and AHRI 260 sound ratings; installation, startup, warranty, and spare parts.
+ Not intended for: Central station air handling units ([[sync/air-handling-units]]); air terminal units and their variable-volume layer ([[sync/air-terminal-units]], [[sync/variable-air-volume-terminals]]); fan-coil units with a refrigerant coil matched to a remote condensing unit, which are split systems ([[sync/split-system-air-conditioners]]) or variable refrigerant flow indoor units ([[sync/variable-refrigerant-flow-systems]]); chilled beams ([[sync/chilled-beams]]); water-source heat pump units on a condenser water loop ([[sync/water-source-heat-pumps]]); packaged terminal air conditioners ([[sync/packaged-terminal-air-conditioners]]); heating-only cabinet and propeller units, fin-tube radiation, and convectors ([[sync/terminal-heating-units]]); dedicated outdoor air units that supply the ventilation air these units depend on ([[sync/dedicated-outdoor-air-systems]]); classroom unit ventilators with their own outdoor air damper and economizer; hydronic piping and insulation beyond the unit connection ([[sync/hydronic-piping]], [[sync/mechanical-insulation]]); condensate drain piping beyond the pan outlet ([[sync/condensate-drainage-piping]]); ductwork ([[sync/hvac-ductwork]]); the control devices, controllers, and sequences ([[sync/hvac-controls-instrumentation]], [[sync/building-automation-system]]); and testing, adjusting, and balancing ([[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]]).
---
# Scope {toc}
−## This standard covers the materials, construction, performance, testing, installation, and commissioning of factory-fabricated fan-coil units that recirculate room air across a cooling and heating coil to condition an individual zone. {note}
−## Equipment covered includes 2-pipe and 4-pipe hydronic units with chilled water and hot water coils, units with electric heating coils, and units with direct-expansion (DX) refrigerant coils, in vertical and horizontal arrangements, in concealed (ducted) and exposed (cabinet) configurations, and in floor-mounted, ceiling-mounted, recessed, and stacked high-rise riser types. {note}
+## A fan-coil unit is the smallest complete air conditioner on a central water plant: a fan, a filter, one or two finned-tube coils, and a drain pan in one casing, placed in or next to the zone it serves and conditioning only the air of that zone. It takes chilled water and heating water from the building's plant and returns them, and it moves the room's own air across the coils. What separates it from an air terminal unit is that it recirculates room air rather than metering central air, and what separates it from a packaged terminal or split unit is that it carries no refrigeration circuit of its own. {note}
−## A fan-coil unit is the point at which the building's central water or refrigerant plant meets each thermal zone; its selection determines zone comfort, sound level in the occupied space, and the energy the fan consumes over the life of the building. {note}
+## The following are covered when they form part of the unit: {note}
−## A fan-coil unit recirculates room air and, unless equipped with a dedicated outdoor-air connection, provides no ventilation air; where the served space requires outdoor air, ventilation shall be furnished by separate means and this standard does not by itself satisfy any ASHRAE 62.1 ventilation-rate requirement. {note}
+- Casing, cabinet, liner, access provisions, and exterior finish
+- Chilled water and heating water coils, including the single changeover coil of a 2-pipe unit
+- Supplementary electric resistance heaters with their safety devices
+- Fan, motor, and speed control
+- Filters and filter access
+- Primary drain pan, condensate connection, and an integral condensate pump where furnished
+- Ventilation air connection and its damper where furnished with the unit
+- The coil connection package and the control package where they are factory-furnished, as a furnish and mounting decision
+- The integral risers of a stacked high-rise unit
+- Factory testing, delivery, installation, startup, field verification, identification, warranty, and spare parts
−## Units covered by this standard shall be rated in accordance with ANSI/AHRI 440 (I-P) so that cooling capacity, heating capacity, airflow, and fan power can be compared on a consistent basis across manufacturers.
+## The following are outside this standard: {note}
−## Coordinate chilled water and hot water piping connections, isolation, and balancing with [[sync/hydronic-piping]].
+- Central station air handling units, covered by [[sync/air-handling-units]]
+- Air terminal units, covered by [[sync/air-terminal-units]], and their variable-volume layer, covered by [[sync/variable-air-volume-terminals]]
+- Fan-coil units with a refrigerant coil matched to a remote condensing unit, which are split systems covered by [[sync/split-system-air-conditioners]], and the indoor units of a variable refrigerant flow system, covered by [[sync/variable-refrigerant-flow-systems]]
+- Active and passive chilled beams, covered by [[sync/chilled-beams]]
+- Water-source heat pump units on a condenser water loop, covered by [[sync/water-source-heat-pumps]]
+- Through-the-wall packaged terminal air conditioners and heat pumps, covered by [[sync/packaged-terminal-air-conditioners]]
+- Heating-only cabinet and propeller units, fin-tube radiation, and convectors, covered by [[sync/terminal-heating-units]]
+- Dedicated outdoor air units that condition the ventilation air these units depend on, covered by [[sync/dedicated-outdoor-air-systems]]
+- Close-control units for data centers and equipment rooms, covered by [[sync/computer-room-air-conditioning]]
+- Classroom unit ventilators that take their outdoor air through an integral damper and economizer
+- Replacement coils and coils procured separately from the unit, covered by [[sync/heating-and-cooling-coils]]
+- Hydronic piping from the plant to the unit connection, covered by [[sync/hydronic-piping]], the general-duty valves in it, covered by [[sync/hvac-piping-valves]], and the balancing valves, strainers, and pressure-independent control valves, covered by [[sync/hydronic-specialties]]
+- Two-way and three-way control valves and their actuators, thermostats, zone sensors, and condensate overflow switches as devices, covered by [[sync/hvac-controls-instrumentation]]
+- The zone controller, the network, and the sequences of operation, covered by [[sync/building-automation-system]]
+- Condensate drain piping, traps, and lift pumps beyond the pan outlet, covered by [[sync/condensate-drainage-piping]]
+- Field-applied insulation of piping and risers, covered by [[sync/mechanical-insulation]]
+- Ductwork beyond the unit connections, covered by [[sync/hvac-ductwork]], and the diffusers and grilles at the room boundary of a ducted unit, covered by [[sync/hvac-air-distribution-devices]]
+- Hangers, isolators, and seismic restraint devices, covered by [[sync/hangers-and-supports]] and [[sync/vibration-isolation-and-seismic-restraint]]
+- Testing, adjusting, and balancing of the completed systems, covered by [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]]
−## Coordinate DDC controllers, control valves, and zone control sequences with [[sync/building-automation-system]].
+## A fan-coil unit conditions recirculated room air and delivers no outdoor air unless a ventilation air connection is furnished and served. The ventilation rate the space requires is satisfied by the equipment that delivers that air, and nothing in this standard satisfies a ventilation requirement on its own. {note}
−## Coordinate post-installation airflow setting and waterside balancing with [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]].
+## Where the served space requires outdoor air, the ventilation air shall be delivered by equipment furnished under [[sync/dedicated-outdoor-air-systems]], [[sync/air-handling-units]], or [[sync/makeup-air-units]], or through a ventilation air connection on the unit as indicated in the datasheet.
−## Coordinate ducted supply and return connections for concealed units with [[sync/hvac-ductwork]].
+## Each unit shall be furnished as a complete assembly by a single manufacturer, who shall be responsible for the air-side, hydronic, acoustic, and electrical performance of the unit as a whole.
−# Referenced Standards {toc}
+## Per-tag quantities are scheduled and project-wide policy is selected in the datasheet. Airflows, static pressures, capacities, water temperatures, heater ratings, and electrical characteristics vary with every unit on the project and live on the fan-coil unit schedule; the construction, options, furnish, and warranty decisions that apply to every unit on the project are made once here. {note}
−## Equipment, materials, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each standard below unless a specific edition is referenced by the contract documents or by the local building code.
+## Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of a standard that governs a connected system, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination of which requirement governs.
−## Where conflicts exist between referenced standards, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
+# Referenced Standards {toc}
−## Referenced standards list {toc}
+## Equipment, materials, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.
+## Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
+
| Standard | Title |
|----------|-------|
| ANSI/AHRI 440 (I-P) | Performance Rating of Fan-Coil Units |
−| ANSI/AHRI 441 (SI) | Performance Rating of Fan-Coil Units (SI units) |
| ANSI/AHRI 410 | Performance Rating of Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils |
+| ANSI/AHRI 350 | Sound Performance Rating of Non-ducted Indoor Air-conditioning Equipment |
+| ANSI/AHRI 260 (I-P) | Sound Rating of Ducted Air Moving and Conditioning Equipment |
+| ANSI/AHRI 885 | Procedure for Estimating Occupied Space Sound Levels in the Application of Air Terminals and Air Outlets |
| ANSI/ASHRAE 62.1 | Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality |
−| ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1 | Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings |
−| ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 | Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size (MERV) |
+| ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1 | Energy Standard for Sites and Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings |
+| ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 | Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size |
+| ANSI/ASHRAE 202 | Commissioning Process for Buildings and Systems |
+| ANSI/ASA S12.2 | Criteria for Evaluating Room Noise |
+| ANSI/AMCA 210 / ANSI/ASHRAE 51 | Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating |
+| ANSI/AMCA 300 | Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans |
| NFPA 90A | Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems |
−| NFPA 70 (NEC) | National Electrical Code (branch circuits, disconnects, Article 424 fixed electric space-heating) |
−| UL 1995 | Heating and Cooling Equipment (where accepted by the AHJ for legacy listings) |
−| UL 60335-2-40 | Safety of Household and Similar Electrical Appliances — Particular Requirements for Electrically Operated Heat Pumps, Air-Conditioners, and Dehumidifiers |
−| AMCA 210 | Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating |
−| AMCA 300 | Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans |
−| ASTM A653 | Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process |
−| ASHRAE 15 | Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems (DX units) |
−| ASHRAE Handbooks | HVAC Systems and Equipment; Applications |
+| NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code |
+| UL 60335-2-40 | Household and Similar Electrical Appliances, Safety, Part 2-40: Particular Requirements for Electrical Heat Pumps, Air-Conditioners and Dehumidifiers |
+| UL 1995 | Heating and Cooling Equipment |
+| UL 2043 | Fire Test for Heat and Visible Smoke Release for Discrete Products and Their Accessories Installed in Air-Handling Spaces |
+| ASTM A653 | Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process |
+| ASTM A240 | Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip |
+| ASTM B75 | Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube |
+| ASTM B88 | Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube |
+| ASTM C1071 | Standard Specification for Fibrous Glass Duct Lining Insulation (Thermal and Sound Absorbing Material) |
+| ASTM C1338 | Standard Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings |
+| ASTM E84 | Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials |
+| ASTM B117 | Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus |
+| NEMA MG 1 | Motors and Generators |
+| NEMA 250 | Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum) |
+| ASCE/SEI 7 | Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures |
# Submittals {toc}
## Action Submittals {toc}
−### The Contractor shall submit the following for the Engineer's review and return prior to fabrication or procurement of the fan-coil units.
+### The Contractor shall submit the following for the Engineer of Record's review and return, and shall not release any unit for fabrication until the submittal covering it has been reviewed and returned:
−### No fabrication or shipment shall proceed until the associated submittal has been reviewed and returned with no outstanding engineering questions.
+- Unit schedule keyed to the mechanical drawings, listing for each tag the arrangement, enclosure, piping arrangement, airflow at the design fan speed, external static pressure, total and sensible cooling capacity, heating capacity, coil rows, entering and leaving water temperatures and flows, electric heater rating where furnished, electrical characteristics, and operating weight
+- Certified performance data for each unit configuration, identifying the rating standard and the certification program under which the data is published
+- Coil selection data giving row count, fin spacing, tube and fin material, working pressure rating, entering and leaving air and water conditions at the scheduled fan speed, capacity, and air-side and water-side pressure drop
+- Sound power data in octave bands at the scheduled fan speed and external static pressure, with the occupied-space sound level for each scheduled zone and the room correction values used to produce it
+- Fan and motor data giving wheel type, motor type, nameplate power, electrical characteristics, speed control means, and the fan input power at the design operating point
+- Filter data giving media type, efficiency rating, depth, and the access arrangement
+- Drain pan data giving material, slope, insulation, and the overflow protection furnished
+- Electric heater data giving element construction, capacity, stage count, electrical characteristics, the minimum airflow for heater operation, and the safety devices furnished
+- Coil connection package data giving each component furnished, its size and flow setting, and the party that mounts it
+- Control package data giving each control device furnished with the unit, the party that mounts and wires it, and the terminal strip wiring diagram
+- Riser data for stacked units giving riser material, size, insulation, joint method, and the expansion provision at each floor
+- Shop drawings showing each unit in plan and section with every field connection point dimensioned, the required service clearance, the filter and access panel locations, and the operating weight
+- Evidence of the Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory listing for each unit configuration furnished
−### Submit the following action submittals: {toc}
−
−- Product data and configuration schedule for each unit tag, including arrangement (vertical or horizontal), cabinet type (concealed or exposed), pipe configuration (2-pipe or 4-pipe or DX), nominal airflow, cooling and heating capacity, coil rows, fan and motor type, filter type and MERV rating, electrical characteristics, and weight
−- AHRI 440 certified performance data for each unit configuration, including total and sensible cooling capacity, heating capacity, airflow at the selected fan speed, external static pressure, and fan power input
−- Coil capacity and selection data showing entering and leaving air conditions, entering and leaving water temperatures and flow (hydronic) or refrigerant data (DX), and waterside pressure drop at design flow
−- Sound power data per octave band developed by an AMCA-recognized method, at the selected fan speed and external static pressure
−- Fan and motor data including motor type (ECM/EC or PSC), nameplate power, efficiency, and the available fan speeds or speed-control range
−- Filter data including filter type, MERV rating per ASHRAE 52.2, and filter access arrangement
−- Condensate management data including primary drain pan material, secondary (auxiliary) drain pan provision, condensate float switch, and condensate pump where provided
−- Control valve and actuator data including valve type (2-way or 3-way), close-off rating, Cv, fail-safe position, and modulating signal type
−- DDC controller data including communication protocol, hardwired input and output count, and supported control sequences
−- Cabinet finish data including the finish system and available colors for exposed units
−- Shop drawings showing each unit in plan and section with field connection points dimensioned (supply and return water, condensate, electrical, control wiring, ducted supply and return for concealed units), required service clearances, and filter and access-panel locations
−
```datasheet
label: Action Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - "Product data and configuration schedule per tag"
− - "AHRI 440 certified performance data"
− - "Coil capacity and selection data"
− - "Sound power data per octave band (AMCA method)"
− - "Fan and motor data (ECM/EC or PSC)"
− - "Filter data (type and MERV per ASHRAE 52.2)"
− - "Condensate management data (pans, float switch, pump)"
− - "Control valve and actuator data"
− - "DDC controller data and BAS protocol"
− - "Cabinet finish and color data (exposed units)"
+ - "Unit schedule keyed to the mechanical drawings"
+ - "Certified performance data for each unit configuration"
+ - "Coil selection data"
+ - "Sound power data with occupied-space levels"
+ - "Fan and motor data with fan input power"
+ - "Filter data"
+ - "Drain pan and overflow protection data"
+ - "Electric heater data with safety devices"
+ - "Coil connection package data"
+ - "Control package data with wiring diagram"
+ - "Riser data for stacked units"
- "Shop drawings with clearances and field connections"
−default: "Product data and configuration schedule per tag"
+ - "Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory listing evidence"
+default:
+ - "Unit schedule keyed to the mechanical drawings"
+ - "Certified performance data for each unit configuration"
+ - "Coil selection data"
+ - "Sound power data with occupied-space levels"
+ - "Fan and motor data with fan input power"
+ - "Filter data"
+ - "Drain pan and overflow protection data"
+ - "Coil connection package data"
+ - "Control package data with wiring diagram"
+ - "Shop drawings with clearances and field connections"
+ - "Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory listing evidence"
+constraint: all_of
```
+### Where the Contractor proposes a unit from a manufacturer other than the one on which the design was based, the submittal shall include a side-by-side comparison of airflow at the scheduled external static pressure, total and sensible capacity at the scheduled water conditions, sound power, fan input power, and the casing dimensions and connection locations of the proposed and the scheduled unit.
+
+### Where a proposed substitution changes the casing dimensions, the connection locations, or the required service clearance of any unit, the submittal shall identify every ceiling, piping, duct, and riser coordination item affected.
+
## Closeout Submittals {toc}
−### At substantial completion the Contractor shall provide the following closeout submittals:
+### Before the date of Substantial Completion, the Contractor shall submit the following:
−- Operation and maintenance (O&M) manuals including the manufacturer's installation, operation, and maintenance instructions; filter replacement schedule and part numbers; controller programming reference; and recommended preventive maintenance schedule
−- As-built configuration drawings reflecting any field modifications to the submitted configuration
−- Factory test reports for each unit configuration, including coil pressure-test certification
−- Field commissioning records, including airflow verification at design fan speed, waterside flow balancing, condensate drainage verification, and BAS point verification for each unit
−- Warranty documentation from the fan-coil unit manufacturer and from any separately warranted sub-supplier components (ECM motor, DDC controller, electric heater, condensate pump)
+- Operation and maintenance manuals covering installation, operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting, with the recommended preventive maintenance interval for each serviceable component and the filter size and rating for each unit
+- As-built unit schedule recording every field substitution and every field modification to the submitted configuration, together with the review documentation for each
+- Factory test record for each unit, including the coil leak test certification
+- Field startup and verification record for each unit, giving the measured airflow at each fan speed, the water flow, the drainage verification, the overflow protection test, and the point-by-point verification of the control interface
+- Warranty documentation from the unit manufacturer and from each separately warranted component supplier
```datasheet
−label: Required Closeout Submittals
+label: Closeout Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - Operation and maintenance manuals
− - As-built configuration drawings
− - Factory test reports for each unit configuration
− - Field commissioning records
− - Warranty documentation
−default: [Operation and maintenance manuals, As-built configuration drawings, Factory test reports for each unit configuration, Field commissioning records, Warranty documentation]
+ - "Operation and maintenance manuals with filter sizes"
+ - "As-built unit schedule with field modifications"
+ - "Factory test record for each unit"
+ - "Field startup and verification record for each unit"
+ - "Warranty documentation"
+default:
+ - "Operation and maintenance manuals with filter sizes"
+ - "As-built unit schedule with field modifications"
+ - "Factory test record for each unit"
+ - "Field startup and verification record for each unit"
+ - "Warranty documentation"
+constraint: all_of
```
…2 unchanged lines
## Manufacturer Qualifications {toc}
−### Fan-coil units shall be the product of a single manufacturer with a minimum of ten years of continuous experience designing and producing factory-fabricated fan-coil units for commercial HVAC service.
+### Units shall be produced by a manufacturer that has continuously produced factory-fabricated fan-coil units for commercial service for not less than the number of years indicated in the datasheet.
−### The manufacturer shall maintain an ISO 9001 certified quality management system.
+```datasheet
+label: Manufacturer Experience
+type: range
+unit: years
+min: 0
+max: 25
+setpoints: [0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
+default: 5
+constraint: min
+```
−### The manufacturer shall be capable of providing replacement parts and service support for a minimum of fifteen years after the date of manufacture.
+### The manufacturer shall publish a catalog covering the full range of units supplied to the project, including rated performance at each cataloged size and fan speed.
−## AHRI 440 Certification {toc}
+### The manufacturer shall maintain replacement motors, coils, drain pans, filters, and control components for the units supplied for not less than ten years after the date of Substantial Completion.
−### Each fan-coil unit configuration furnished on the project shall be rated under the AHRI Certification Program for Fan-Coil Units per ANSI/AHRI 440.
+### All fan-coil units on the project shall be furnished by a single manufacturer so that the service access pattern, the control interface, and the spare parts inventory are common across the installation.
−### Published cooling capacity, sensible cooling capacity, heating capacity, airflow, fan power, and waterside pressure drop shall reflect AHRI-certified values.
+### Where the Contract Documents divide the project into separately bid phases or buildings, the single-manufacturer requirement applies within each phase or building rather than across the project.
−### The certification mark shall appear on the product data submitted with the unit schedule.
+## Basis of Published Performance Data {toc}
−### AHRI certification datasheet {toc}
+### The basis on which the performance of each unit configuration is established shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: AHRI Certification
+label: Basis of Certified Performance Ratings
type: radio
options:
− - "AHRI 440 certified — all unit configurations on project"
− - "AHRI 440 certified — manufacturer participates and configuration is within certified range"
−default: "AHRI 440 certified — all unit configurations on project"
+ - "AHRI 440 certified ratings for every unit configuration furnished"
+ - "AHRI 440 certified ratings, with independent laboratory test data by the AHRI 440 method accepted for a configuration outside the certified range"
+ - "Independent laboratory test data by the AHRI 440 method for every unit configuration furnished"
+default: "AHRI 440 certified ratings for every unit configuration furnished"
```
−## NRTL Listing {toc}
+### Cooling capacity, sensible cooling capacity, heating capacity, airflow, and fan input power cited for any unit shall be established by the selected basis at the standard rating conditions of ANSI/AHRI 440 and corrected to the scheduled conditions by the manufacturer's published selection method.
−### Fan-coil units containing electric heating coils, fan motors, or electrically powered controls shall be listed and labeled by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) to UL 60335-2-40, or to UL 1995 where the AHJ continues to accept legacy listings for equipment manufactured prior to the transition date.
+### The certification mark or the independent laboratory test report reference, as applicable to the basis selected, shall appear on the product data submitted for each unit configuration.
−### Units with electric heating coils shall additionally comply with NFPA 70 Article 424 for fixed electric space-heating equipment.
+### The certification program covers a defined range of sizes and configurations, and a manufacturer in the program can still catalog a blower coil unit or a large stacked unit outside that range. Ratings inside the range are verified by a third party on a sampling basis, while ratings outside it rest on the manufacturer's own test data, which is the difference the engineer is buying when the basis is selected. {note}
−### Listed assemblies shall bear the NRTL label affixed to the cabinet in a visible location.
+### Where the parties disagree whether a proposed unit configuration falls within the certified range, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination.
−## Pre-Installation Conference {toc}
+## Product Listing and Labeling {toc}
−### Before installation of fan-coil units begins, the Contractor shall hold a pre-installation conference attended by the mechanical sub-contractor, the controls sub-contractor, the electrical sub-contractor, and the testing and balancing agent.
+### The complete unit, including every factory-installed electrical component, shall be listed and labeled by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory under the standard indicated in the datasheet.
−### The pre-installation conference agenda shall include unit access and service-clearance requirements, condensate routing and slope coordination, piping connection sequencing, and the schedule for airflow setting and waterside balancing.
+```datasheet
+label: Unit Safety Listing Standard
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "UL 60335-2-40"
+ - "UL 1995"
+```
−# Environmental and Service Conditions {toc}
+### Units listed to UL 1995 are acceptable only where the Authority Having Jurisdiction accepts that listing for the equipment furnished.
−## Fan-coil units shall be selected and rated for the conditions of the space they serve and for the entering water or refrigerant conditions of the plant they are connected to.
+### UL 60335-2-40 is the harmonized safety standard that has replaced UL 1995 for new listings, and manufacturers have been moving product lines across it over several years. A product line listed under the older standard is still legal where the jurisdiction accepts it, so the selection follows what the jurisdiction will accept and what the manufacturer has listed, not a preference between the two documents. {note}
−## The unit shall deliver its scheduled cooling and heating capacity at the design entering air conditions, design entering water temperature and flow (or refrigerant condition for DX units), and the selected fan speed.
+### Electric heaters furnished within the unit shall be listed as part of the unit and shall comply with NFPA 70 Article 424.
−## Entering air and water conditions {toc}
+### Units and their factory-furnished accessories installed in a ceiling plenum or other air-handling space used to convey environmental air shall comply with the heat and smoke release limits of UL 2043 or shall be constructed of materials NFPA 90A accepts for that space.
−```datasheet
−label: Design Conditions — Cooling entering air dry-bulb
−type: text
−unit: °F
−default: 80
−```
+### The listing label shall be affixed to the casing exterior in a location that remains visible after installation.
−```datasheet
−label: Design Conditions — Cooling entering air wet-bulb
−type: text
−unit: °F
−default: 67
−```
+## Pre-Installation Conference {toc}
−```datasheet
−label: Design Conditions — Chilled water entering temperature
−type: text
−unit: °F
−default: 45
−```
+### Before installation of fan-coil units begins, the Contractor shall convene a pre-installation conference attended by the mechanical, piping, controls, and electrical subcontractors, the testing and balancing agent, and the commissioning authority where one is engaged.
−```datasheet
−label: Design Conditions — Hot water entering temperature
−type: text
−unit: °F
−default: 140
−```
+### The pre-installation conference agenda shall include service clearance and access panel coordination, condensate drain routing and slope at every unit, the coil connection package and who mounts it, control device mounting and wiring responsibility, riser alignment and floor penetration sequence for stacked units, and the schedule for airflow and water flow verification.
−```datasheet
−label: Design Conditions — Room cooling setpoint
−type: text
−unit: °F
−default: 75
−```
+### A fan-coil unit is small enough that its coordination problems are routinely left for the field, and the field discovers them one at a time above a finished ceiling: a drain that cannot slope to the riser, a valve package that does not clear the joist, a filter that cannot come out past the sprinkler main. The conference is where those are found once instead of two hundred times. {note}
−### Design conditions shall be taken from the project basis-of-design and the unit schedule.
+# Service Environment {toc}
−### Cooling capacity shall be confirmed at the actual entering air wet-bulb temperature because sensible and latent split varies with entering humidity.
+## Unit locations, tags, and orientations are [[drawing: as indicated on the mechanical plans]].
−### AHRI 440 rates cooling at 80 °F dry-bulb and 67 °F wet-bulb entering air with 45 °F entering water; capacity at other conditions shall be confirmed against the manufacturer's selection program. {note}
+## The supply discharge direction, the return air arrangement, and the coil connection hand of each unit shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule]].
−## Installation Location {toc}
+## Units shall be suitable for continuous operation at an ambient dry-bulb temperature from 50 °F to 104 °F and at a relative humidity up to 90% without condensation on the casing exterior or the control enclosure.
−### Fan-coil units shall be suitable for continuous operation in indoor conditioned or semiconditioned spaces and shall not be installed outdoors or in any location subject to driving rain, condensation on the cabinet exterior, or freezing temperatures.
+## Units are not weather-resistant as manufactured and shall not be installed outdoors or in any location exposed to precipitation, wind-driven moisture, or freezing temperatures.
−### Units serving below-grade, garage, or other locations subject to elevated humidity or low ambient temperature shall be reviewed with the manufacturer for cabinet, coil freeze-protection, and condensate provisions before ordering.
+## Where a unit is installed in a space whose ambient conditions fall outside the range stated above, including an unconditioned mechanical closet open to outdoor air, a parking structure, or a natatorium, the Contractor shall obtain the manufacturer's written confirmation of suitability, together with any required change to the casing, the coil protection, the control enclosure, or the condensate provisions, before the unit is released for fabrication.
−### Installation location datasheet {toc}
+## The control enclosure rating shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: Installation Location
+label: Control Enclosure Rating
type: select
options:
− - "Occupied space — exposed cabinet unit"
− - "Above accessible ceiling — concealed unit"
− - "Vertical riser / closet — stacked unit"
− - "Mechanical closet serving adjacent zone"
−default: "Above accessible ceiling — concealed unit"
+ - "NEMA 1, general purpose"
+ - "NEMA 1 with a gasketed cover"
+ - "NEMA 4X, watertight and corrosion resistant"
+default: "NEMA 1, general purpose"
```
−# Unit Type and Arrangement {toc}
+## Control enclosures on units installed in a natatorium, a parking structure, a kitchen, or any space subject to hosing or to a corrosive atmosphere shall be rated NEMA 4X.
−## Fan-coil unit selection is determined by the zone's heating and cooling requirements, the central plant type (hydronic or DX), the available installation space, and the acoustical and aesthetic requirements of the served space. {note}
−## This section establishes the physical type of unit for each tag. {note}
+## Control enclosures on units installed in a space subject to dripping or to condensation on surfaces above the unit shall be rated NEMA 1 with a gasketed cover or higher.
−## Cabinet Type {toc}
+## The enclosure rating is a question about the room the unit sits in rather than about the unit, and almost every fan-coil unit sits in a conditioned ceiling or a finished room, where a general-purpose enclosure is the right answer. The gasketed cover keeps a drip from reaching the terminal strip in a plenum shared with piping that sweats; the corrosion-resistant enclosure keeps a chlorinated or exhaust-laden atmosphere off the contacts, at the cost of an enclosure that is harder to open for service. {note}
−### Concealed (ducted) units have an unfinished cabinet installed above a ceiling or in a closet and connect to supply and return ductwork; they are the standard selection where the unit is hidden from the occupied space. {note}
+## Capacity and airflow ratings shall be corrected for [[parameter: altitude]] in accordance with the manufacturer's published correction factors.
−### Exposed (cabinet) units have a finished decorative cabinet installed within the occupied space with integral supply and return grilles; they are used where no ceiling or chase is available to conceal the unit. {note}
+# Unit Configuration {toc}
−### Cabinet type datasheet {toc}
+## The fan-coil products in the market are combinations of a small number of independent decisions: whether the unit stands or hangs, whether its casing is finished for the room or hidden above a ceiling or in a closet, whether the water risers are built into it, and whether it takes a ventilation air connection. A vertical stacked hotel unit, for example, is a vertical concealed unit with integral risers. Selecting each decision separately keeps every combination the catalogs offer available and keeps each decision queryable on its own. {note}
+## Unit Arrangement {toc}
+
+### The unit arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Cabinet Type
+label: Unit Arrangement
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Horizontal, with the fan and coil in a flat casing and horizontal discharge"
+ - "Vertical, with the fan below the coil and upward discharge"
+```
+
+### A horizontal unit hangs above a ceiling or along a wall near the ceiling and takes the least floor and wall area in the room, at the cost of putting every service point overhead, where a filter change, a drain cleaning, and a valve repair each need a ladder and a ceiling opening. A vertical unit stands on the floor or in a chase, keeps its filter and its valve package at a reachable height, and takes floor area or wall length in every room it serves. {note}
+
+## Cabinet Enclosure {toc}
+
+### The cabinet enclosure shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Cabinet Enclosure
type: select
−drawing_ref: true
options:
− - "Concealed — ducted (above ceiling)"
− - "Concealed — ducted (vertical closet / riser)"
− - "Exposed — finished cabinet, floor-mounted"
− - "Exposed — finished cabinet, ceiling-mounted"
− - "Recessed — built into ceiling or wall pocket"
−default: "Concealed — ducted (above ceiling)"
+ - "Exposed, with a finished cabinet and integral discharge and return grilles in the room"
+ - "Concealed, with an unfinished casing for installation above a ceiling, in a closet, or in a chase"
+ - "Recessed, with the casing in a ceiling or wall pocket and a finished front in the room"
```
−## Arrangement {toc}
+### An exposed cabinet unit needs no ceiling, no chase, and no ductwork, and it is the arrangement that fits a renovation of a building with neither, at the cost of a visible cabinet in every room and a sound path with nothing between the fan and the occupant. A concealed unit disappears into the ceiling or the closet and can be ducted to outlets where they are wanted, and it pays for that with an access panel, a duct connection, and external static pressure the fan has to overcome. A recessed unit is the compromise, with the casing out of the room and a finished grille face at the ceiling or the wall, and it needs the pocket depth and the clearance behind it that the casing requires. {note}
−### Vertical units stand upright with airflow discharged upward and are typically floor-mounted along a perimeter wall or in a riser closet. {note}
+### A concealed unit shall be furnished with a duct connection collar at the discharge and, where a ducted return is scheduled, at the return.
−### Horizontal units lie flat with airflow discharged horizontally and are typically suspended above a ceiling. {note}
+### An exposed cabinet unit shall be furnished with a finished front panel that is removable or hinged for filter and coil access without tools other than a key or a standard hand tool.
−### Unit arrangement datasheet {toc}
+### A recessed unit shall be furnished with a mounting frame or trim that closes the pocket opening and a finished front that is removable for filter and coil access from the room.
+## Integral Riser Construction {toc}
+
+### The riser construction shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Unit Arrangement
+label: Integral Riser Construction
type: radio
−drawing_ref: true
options:
− - "Horizontal (suspended, ceiling)"
− - "Vertical (floor-mounted or riser)"
−default: "Horizontal (suspended, ceiling)"
+ - "Field-piped unit connected to risers installed under the hydronic piping scope"
+ - "Stacked unit with chilled water, heating water, and condensate risers built into the casing and joined unit to unit"
+default: "Field-piped unit connected to risers installed under the hydronic piping scope"
```
−## Stacked High-Rise Riser Type {toc}
+### A stacked unit carries its risers inside the casing, so setting the unit sets the risers, and the floor-to-floor riser joints are made at the unit rather than in a separate chase by a separate trade. On a tall building with one unit per room stacked floor over floor, that removes a pipe shaft, a riser coordination exercise, and a trade from every floor. The price is that the unit becomes part of the piping system: its casing has to be plumb and aligned floor over floor, its risers have to accommodate the building's thermal and structural movement, and a riser repair means opening a finished room. {note}
−### Stacked vertical fan-coil units integrate the chilled water, hot water, and condensate risers within the unit chassis so that units stack floor-to-floor and the risers are made up unit-to-unit rather than run separately.
+### Requirements for the risers of a stacked unit are stated in the stacked riser construction article of this standard.
−### Stacked units are used in high-rise multifamily and hotel construction to minimize floor-to-floor riser coordination and to allow a single trade to set the unit and the riser together. {note}
+## Ventilation Air Connection {toc}
−### Where stacked units are specified, the riser pipe sizes, insulation, and the floor penetration firestop detail shall be coordinated with [[sync/hydronic-piping]].
+### The ventilation air connection furnished with the unit shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Stacked riser unit datasheet {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Stacked High-Rise Riser Unit
−type: radio
+label: Ventilation Air Connection
+type: select
options:
− - "Not stacked — independent unit with field-run piping"
− - "Stacked unit with integral risers (high-rise multifamily / hotel)"
−default: "Not stacked — independent unit with field-run piping"
+ - "None, with the unit recirculating room air only"
+ - "Ducted connection for conditioned ventilation air delivered from a dedicated outdoor air unit"
+ - "Outdoor air inlet collar with a manual balancing damper"
+ - "Outdoor air inlet collar with a motorized damper interlocked to close when the fan stops"
```
−# Coil Configuration {toc}
+### A unit with no connection recirculates room air and leaves ventilation entirely to another system, which keeps the unit simple and keeps raw outdoor air away from its coil. A ducted connection from a dedicated outdoor air unit brings in air that is already filtered, dehumidified, and tempered, so the fan-coil coil sees only the room load and the unit needs no freeze protection of its own. An outdoor air inlet collar brings untreated outdoor air through the unit's own filter and coil, which is the least equipment for the ventilation it delivers and the arrangement that puts a freezing airstream and a wet airstream on the coil, so the coil, the filter, and the damper all have to be selected for it. A motorized damper closes the opening when the fan is off, which stops the stack-driven infiltration and the freezing draft a manual damper admits through an idle unit. {note}
−## Pipe Configuration {toc}
+### Where a ducted connection for conditioned ventilation air is selected, the connection shall be sized for the scheduled ventilation airflow at the static pressure available from the dedicated outdoor air system, and the two systems shall be coordinated with [[sync/dedicated-outdoor-air-systems]].
−### A 2-pipe hydronic unit has a single coil supplied by one set of pipes that carries either chilled water or hot water depending on the seasonal changeover mode, and cannot cool and heat simultaneously. {note}
+### Where an outdoor air inlet collar is selected, the unit shall be furnished with the coil freeze protection stated in the hydronic coils article of this standard.
−### A 4-pipe hydronic unit has separate cooling and heating coils each served by its own supply and return pipes and valve, allowing the unit to cool or heat at any time independent of a building changeover mode. {note}
+### Where an outdoor air inlet collar is selected, the filter shall be located so that the outdoor air passes through it before reaching the coil.
−### A DX unit uses a direct-expansion refrigerant coil connected to a remote condensing unit or refrigerant plant in place of a chilled water coil. {note}
+### Where an outdoor air inlet collar is selected, the louver, the wall sleeve, and the duct from the exterior wall to the unit collar shall be furnished under [[sync/louvers-and-dampers]] and [[sync/hvac-ductwork]].
−### A 2-pipe unit cannot provide heating during the cooling season changeover and is suitable only where the building operates in a single mode at a time; 4-pipe units are required where simultaneous heating and cooling across zones is needed, such as perimeter and interior zones with opposite loads. {note}
+### Where an outdoor air inlet collar is selected, the ventilation airflow through it shall be verified in accordance with [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]].
−### Pipe configuration datasheet {toc}
+# Piping Arrangement and Heat Source {toc}
+## Piping Arrangement {toc}
+
+### The piping arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Pipe / Coil Configuration
−type: select
−drawing_ref: true
+label: Piping Arrangement
+type: radio
options:
− - "2-pipe — single hydronic coil (changeover chilled/hot water)"
− - "2-pipe with supplemental electric heat"
− - "4-pipe — separate hydronic chilled water and hot water coils"
− - "DX cooling coil with hot water heating coil"
− - "DX cooling coil with electric heating coil"
− - "DX cooling only"
−default: "4-pipe — separate hydronic chilled water and hot water coils"
+ - "2-pipe, with one coil served by one supply and one return"
+ - "4-pipe, with a chilled water coil and a heating water coil each served by its own supply and return"
```
−## Heating Source {toc}
+### A 2-pipe unit has one coil and one pair of pipes, so the whole building is in cooling or in heating at once and changes over on a plant decision, and no zone can call for the other mode until it does. A 4-pipe unit carries both coils and both pairs of pipes to every unit, so any zone can cool while its neighbor heats, at the cost of two more pipes, two more valves, and a larger casing at every unit. The split follows the building: where the loads are uniform and the seasons are distinct, the 2-pipe system does what the 4-pipe system does at a fraction of the piping; where a sunny perimeter and a shaded perimeter, or a conference room and a server closet, need opposite modes on the same afternoon, only the 4-pipe system can serve both. {note}
−### Hot water heating is the standard selection where a central hot water plant is provided; it offers high turndown, low operating cost, and quiet operation. {note}
+### A 2-pipe unit shall be selected so that the single coil delivers the scheduled cooling capacity at the scheduled chilled water conditions and the scheduled heating capacity at the scheduled heating water conditions.
−### Electric heating is used where no central hot water plant is provided or where running hot water piping to the zone is not cost-effective. {note}
+### A 4-pipe unit shall be furnished with the chilled water coil and the heating water coil as separate coils with separate connections, and the heating water coil shall be located downstream of the chilled water coil in the direction of airflow.
−### ASHRAE 90.1 limits the use of new electric resistance heating in many building types and climate zones; verify code compliance before specifying electric heat as the default for the building.
+### Placing the heating coil downstream of the cooling coil lets a 4-pipe unit reheat dehumidified air when a sequence calls for it, and keeps the heating coil out of the condensing airstream, where a warm fin surface would otherwise evaporate condensate back into the supply air. {note}
−### Heating source datasheet {toc}
+## Two-Pipe Coil Service {toc}
+### Requirements in this article apply where a 2-pipe piping arrangement is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The service of the 2-pipe coil shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Heating Source
−type: select
+label: Two-Pipe Coil Service
+type: radio
options:
− - "Hot water coil (hydronic)"
− - "Electric resistance heating coil"
− - "None (cooling only)"
−default: "Hot water coil (hydronic)"
+ - "Changeover, carrying chilled water in the cooling season and heating water in the heating season"
+ - "Chilled water only, with any heating furnished by the supplementary electric heater"
```
−# Capacity and Performance {toc}
+### A changeover coil is selected at both water conditions, and the plant decides which it carries. A chilled water only coil is a cooling coil that never sees heating water, which is the arrangement on a building whose heat is electric at the unit or comes from a separate system, and it needs no changeover control, no changeover sensor, and no plant decision about when the season turns. {note}
−## Nominal Airflow {toc}
+### Where a changeover service is selected, the control package shall include a means of sensing the supply water temperature at or near the unit so that the controller can determine the mode in which the coil is operating.
−### Nominal airflow defines the unit's rated air delivery at the design fan speed against the design external static pressure. {note}
+### Where a chilled water only service is selected and the zone requires heating, the supplementary electric heater shall be furnished.
−### Airflow shall be selected so that the unit delivers its scheduled total and sensible cooling capacity at the design entering air and water conditions without exceeding the sound limit for the served space.
+## Supplementary Electric Heat {toc}
−### Nominal airflow datasheet {toc}
+### The supplementary electric heater shall be furnished as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: Nominal Airflow
−type: range
−unit: CFM
−drawing_ref: true
+label: Supplementary Electric Heat
+type: radio
options:
− min: 100
− max: 2000
− step: 50
−default: 400
+ - "Not furnished"
+ - "Electric resistance heater furnished within the unit"
```
−## External Static Pressure {toc}
+### An electric heater at the unit brings heating to a zone without a heating water pipe, which on a chilled water only system is the only heat the zone has and on a changeover system is the heat available during the weeks the plant is still in cooling. It is bought with a branch circuit sized for the heater, a demand-coincident electrical load at every unit, and whatever limit the energy code places on electric resistance heating for the building type and climate. {note}
−### Concealed (ducted) units shall be selected against the external static pressure imposed by the connected supply and return ductwork, grilles, and any field-applied filter, so that the unit delivers design airflow at the selected fan speed.
+### The Engineer of Record shall confirm that the electric heater complies with the limits [[parameter: adopted-energy-code]] places on electric resistance heating for the building type and climate before the heater is released for fabrication.
−### Exposed cabinet units with integral grilles operate at minimal external static pressure and shall be selected at their free-discharge or low-static rating.
+### Requirements for the heater are stated in the electric heater article of this standard.
−### Selecting a ducted unit at the exposed-cabinet free-discharge airflow rather than against the actual duct external static pressure is a frequent cause of units that fail to deliver design airflow in the field. {note}
+# Capacity and Airflow Ratings {toc}
−### External static pressure datasheet {toc}
+## Capacity Rating Basis {toc}
+### Airflow, cooling capacity, sensible capacity, heating capacity, water pressure drop, and fan input power shall be stated for each scheduled unit at the scheduled fan speed, the scheduled external static pressure, the scheduled entering air conditions, and the scheduled entering and leaving water temperatures.
+
+### Where the scheduled conditions differ from the standard rating conditions of ANSI/AHRI 440, the manufacturer shall state in the submittal the correction method used and the certified rating from which each scheduled value was derived.
+
+### The certified rating is taken at one set of air and water conditions, and the capacity a unit delivers moves with every one of them: a higher entering wet-bulb raises the latent share and lowers the sensible share, a warmer chilled water supply cuts the total, a cooler heating water supply cuts the heating output steeply, and a fan speed below the rating speed reduces every quantity at once. A schedule written from catalog nominal capacities at standard conditions overstates what the unit delivers on the project's plant by an amount that depends on how far the plant is from the rating conditions. {note}
+
+### The sensible capacity stated for each unit shall be not less than the scheduled sensible load, and the total capacity shall be not less than the scheduled total load, at the scheduled conditions.
+
+## Scheduled Airflow and Static Pressure {toc}
+
+### The airflow at the design fan speed shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: External Static Pressure at Design Airflow
+label: Airflow at the Design Fan Speed
type: range
+unit: cfm
+drawing_ref: "airflow as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 100
+max: 5000
+step: 5
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
+```
+
+### The external static pressure at the design airflow shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: External Static Pressure at the Design Airflow
+type: range
unit: in. w.g.
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− min: 0
− max: 1.0
− setpoints: [0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0]
−default: 0.3
+drawing_ref: "external static pressure as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 0
+max: 1.5
+step: 0.05
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
```
−## Cooling Capacity {toc}
+### A unit with an exposed cabinet and integral grilles operates at the external static pressure of its own grilles and nothing else, and a concealed unit operates against the duct, the outlets, the return path, and any field-installed filter grille. The recurring field failure is a concealed unit selected at the free-discharge airflow of its exposed sibling, which then delivers a fraction of the scheduled airflow once the duct is on it, and the recovery is a higher fan speed that the sound selection never saw. {note}
−### Total cooling capacity defines the unit's combined sensible and latent cooling output at the design entering air and entering water conditions. {note}
+### Each unit shall deliver the scheduled airflow at the scheduled external static pressure at a fan speed not higher than the design fan speed, with the scheduled filter installed and clean.
−### The unit shall be selected so that sensible cooling capacity meets the zone sensible load and total cooling capacity meets the combined sensible and latent load at design conditions.
+## Scheduled Capacities {toc}
−### Cooling capacity datasheets {toc}
+### The total cooling capacity shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
label: Total Cooling Capacity
type: range
unit: MBH
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− min: 3
− max: 60
− step: 1
−default: 12
+drawing_ref: "cooling capacity as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 2
+max: 200
+step: 0.5
+default: deferred
+constraint: min
```
+### The sensible cooling capacity shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Sensible Cooling Capacity
type: range
unit: MBH
−drawing_ref: true
+drawing_ref: "sensible capacity as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 1.5
+max: 160
+step: 0.5
+default: deferred
+constraint: min
+```
+
+### The hydronic heating capacity shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Hydronic Heating Capacity
+type: range
+unit: MBH
+drawing_ref: "heating capacity as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 2
+max: 300
+step: 0.5
+default: deferred
+constraint: min
+```
+
+### Each capacity shall be stated at the scheduled airflow, the scheduled entering air condition, and the scheduled entering and leaving water temperatures for that unit, and the water flow and water pressure drop at which it is achieved shall be stated beside it.
+
+# Hydronic Coils {toc}
+
+## Coil Construction {toc}
+
+### Coils shall be constructed of seamless copper tube to ASTM B75 mechanically expanded into plate fins to form a continuous metal-to-metal bond over the full finned length.
+
+### The row count and the fin spacing of each coil shall be the manufacturer's selection to deliver the scheduled capacity at the scheduled entering air and entering water conditions and the scheduled airflow, and shall be stated for each unit in the coil selection data.
+
+### Row count is where the plant's water temperatures meet the unit. A deeper cooling coil delivers the scheduled capacity on warmer chilled water and pulls more moisture out of the air at the same airflow, at the cost of a higher air-side pressure drop that the fan pays for at every hour and a higher water-side pressure drop that the pump pays for. A heating coil sized for a plant at 180 °F falls far short of its capacity on a plant designed around a condensing boiler or a heat pump at 130 °F, and the only recovery at the unit is a row the casing was not built to hold, so the count is selected against the project's scheduled water temperatures rather than against a catalog reference. {note}
+
+### The coil fin material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Coil Fin Material
+type: radio
options:
− min: 2
− max: 50
− step: 1
−default: 9
+ - "Aluminum plate fin"
+ - "Copper plate fin"
+default: "Aluminum plate fin"
```
−## Heating Capacity {toc}
+### The coil corrosion protection shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Heating capacity defines the unit's heating output at the design entering air temperature and the design hot water entering temperature and flow, or the electric heater kW rating.
+```datasheet
+label: Coil Corrosion Protection
+type: select
+options:
+ - "No coating"
+ - "Baked phenolic dip coating over the fins and tubes"
+ - "Electrodeposition coating over the fins and tubes"
+ - "Polymer spray coating over the fins and tubes"
+default: "No coating"
+```
−### Heating capacity shall meet the zone heating load at the design entering water temperature of the project hot water plant, which shall not be assumed to be a generic catalog rating.
+### An aluminum fin on a copper tube is the construction nearly every unit carries, and it serves for the life of the unit in a conditioned building. A copper fin removes the galvanic couple and the aluminum's vulnerability to chlorides, at a higher cost and weight, and it is the choice where the airstream carries salt or pool chemistry. A coating over either fin seals the whole coil surface against the atmosphere it sits in, with a dip coating giving the heaviest film and the largest capacity penalty, an electrodeposition coating giving the thinnest and most uniform film with the smallest penalty, and a spray coating falling between them and depending most on the applicator. The condition that selects any of them is an airstream that is corrosive, which a ventilation air connection to a coastal or industrial atmosphere, a natatorium, or a kitchen can make it. {note}
−### Heating capacity datasheets {toc}
+### Where a coating is selected, the coated coil shall withstand a salt spray exposure to ASTM B117 for not less than 1,000 hours without blistering, and the manufacturer shall state the capacity derate of the coating in the coil selection data.
+### The coil working pressure rating shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Hydronic Heating Capacity
+label: Coil Working Pressure Rating
type: range
−unit: MBH
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− min: 2
− max: 60
− step: 1
−default: 15
+unit: psig
+min: 150
+max: 400
+setpoints: [150, 200, 250, 300, 400]
+default: 300
+constraint: min
```
+### Coils shall be leak tested at the factory at not less than 1.5 times the specified working pressure rating with air under water or by an equivalent method, and the test shall be recorded in the factory test record.
+
+### Coil connections shall be sweat or threaded connections extended beyond the casing far enough for the coil connection package to be installed without cutting or modifying the casing, and the connection type and size shall be stated on the shop drawings.
+
+### Coils shall be furnished with a manual air vent at the high point of the coil and a drain connection at the low point, each accessible with the unit installed.
+
+### Coils shall be removable from the casing through the access panel after the connection package is disconnected, without cutting the casing.
+
+## Design Water Temperatures {toc}
+
+### The chilled water entering temperature shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Electric Heating Capacity
+label: Chilled Water Entering Temperature
type: range
−unit: kW
−drawing_ref: true
−options:
− min: 0.5
− max: 10
− step: 0.5
−default: 3
+unit: °F
+drawing_ref: "design water temperatures as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 36
+max: 65
+step: 0.5
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
```
−### Modern building hot water plants increasingly operate at 140 °F or lower entering water temperature to allow condensing boiler operation and heat pump heat recovery; a coil sized for 180 °F entering water will not deliver design capacity on a low-temperature plant. {note}
+### The heating water entering temperature shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−## Coil Rows {toc}
+```datasheet
+label: Heating Water Entering Temperature
+type: range
+unit: °F
+drawing_ref: "design water temperatures as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 100
+max: 200
+step: 1
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
+```
−### Coil row count shall be selected to deliver the scheduled coil capacity at the design entering air, entering water temperature, and airflow.
+### The leaving water temperature and the water flow for each coil shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule]].
−### Higher row counts deliver more capacity per unit face area at a lower entering water temperature but increase airside pressure drop and fan power. {note}
+### Where a changeover 2-pipe service is selected, the single coil shall be selected at both the chilled water and the heating water temperatures indicated in the datasheet.
−### Coil rows datasheet {toc}
+### A wide water temperature difference across the coil lowers the flow the plant pumps and the pipe size that carries it, and it is the design basis on which low-flow plants and condensing heating plants depend. The same coil delivers less capacity at the wider difference, because the mean water temperature in the tubes moves toward the air temperature, so a wide difference is paid for in rows at the unit, and a unit selected at a narrow difference on a wide-difference plant starves the plant's return temperature and its own capacity together. {note}
+## Coil Freeze Protection {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where an outdoor air inlet collar is selected in the datasheet, or where a unit is installed in a space that can fall below 35 °F.
+
+### The unit shall be furnished with a low-temperature detection device located to sense the air entering the coil.
+
+### On detection of an entering air temperature below the setpoint stated in the sequence of operation, the control package shall stop the fan, close the outdoor air damper where a motorized damper is furnished, and open the heating water valve where a heating coil is served, and shall report the condition to the building automation system.
+
+### Where the Contract Documents direct that the system be charged with a glycol solution, the coil selection shall be stated at the glycol concentration indicated under [[sync/hydronic-piping]], and the capacity and pressure drop corrections for the solution shall appear in the coil selection data.
+
+### A coil with stagnant water in it freezes in minutes once the air crossing it is below freezing, and the first sign is water on the ceiling when the ice lets go. The low-temperature device is the backstop for the hours the unit is off and the damper has leaked, and the open heating valve keeps water moving through the coil that is most exposed; neither replaces a damper that closes and a wall opening that is sealed when the fan is off. {note}
+
+# Electric Heater {toc}
+
+## Heater Rating and Construction {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this section apply where a supplementary electric heater is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The electric heater capacity shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Cooling Coil Rows
+label: Electric Heater Capacity
+type: range
+unit: kW
+drawing_ref: "heater capacity as indicated on the fan-coil unit schedule"
+min: 0.5
+max: 30
+step: 0.1
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
+```
+
+### The electric heater element construction shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Electric Heater Element Construction
type: radio
options:
− - "2 rows (interior / low latent load)"
− - "3 rows (standard)"
− - "4 rows (high latent load or elevated entering water temperature)"
−default: "3 rows (standard)"
+ - "Open-coil nickel-chromium resistance wire on ceramic insulators"
+ - "Sheathed tubular element"
+default: "Open-coil nickel-chromium resistance wire on ceramic insulators"
```
+### An open-coil element transfers heat directly from the wire to the air, responds fastest, and costs least, and it leaves the energized wire exposed to whatever the airstream carries. A sheathed element puts a metal barrier between the wire and the air, which tolerates a contaminated airstream and an airflow that is lower or less steady, at a higher cost and a slower thermal response. {note}
+
+### The electric heater capacity control shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Heating Coil Rows (Hydronic)
+label: Electric Heater Capacity Control
type: radio
options:
− - "1 row (low capacity / high entering water temperature)"
− - "2 rows (standard)"
−default: "1 row (low capacity / high entering water temperature)"
+ - "Single stage"
+ - "Two stages"
+ - "Modulating, by a silicon-controlled rectifier"
```
−# Fan and Motor {toc}
+### A single-stage heater turns on at full capacity and off, so the discharge temperature steps by the full heater capacity divided by the airflow, and the zone cycles about its setpoint at an amplitude set by that step and the room's thermal mass. Two stages halve the step. A modulating heater removes the step and holds the discharge temperature the sequence asks for, at the cost of a power device that needs its own cooling and that generates electrical harmonics the branch circuit has to tolerate. The step matters most on a small room with a large heater and a low fan speed, which is the hotel room and the patient room. {note}
−## Fan Construction {toc}
+### The heater shall be located downstream of the hydronic coil in the direction of airflow and shall be arranged so that the airstream passes over every element.
−### Fans shall be forward-curved centrifugal blowers, statically and dynamically balanced, mounted on the motor shaft or on a resilient-mounted fan deck to limit vibration transmission to the cabinet.
+## Heater Safety Devices {toc}
−### Fan performance shall be developed by a method consistent with AMCA 210 and sound by a method consistent with AMCA 300.
+### Every electric heater shall be furnished with a primary automatic-reset thermal cutout.
−## Fan Motor Type {toc}
+### Every electric heater shall be furnished with a secondary manual-reset thermal cutout independent of the primary cutout.
−### Electronically commutated motors (ECM/EC) shall be the standard fan motor selection for new construction.
+### Every electric heater shall be furnished with an airflow proving device that de-energizes the heater whenever airflow falls below the minimum airflow the manufacturer requires for heater operation.
−### ECM motors provide variable-speed control through a 0-10 V or PWM signal, achieve substantially higher efficiency than PSC motors across the operating range, and allow the airflow to be trimmed at commissioning without changing taps or pulleys. {note}
+### The airflow proving interlock shall be wired in series with the heater control circuit so that a controller failure, a network failure, or a software error cannot energize the heater without airflow.
−### PSC (permanent split capacitor) motors are acceptable only where the contract documents specifically permit, and only with stepped speed control by tap selection.
+### The manufacturer shall state the minimum airflow required for heater operation for each scheduled unit, and the lowest fan speed at which the heater is permitted to operate shall deliver not less than that airflow.
−### ASHRAE 90.1 fan-power and motor-efficiency provisions increasingly favor or require ECM motors for terminal equipment; verify the applicable code requirement before defaulting to PSC. {note}
+### An electric heater energized without airflow raises the element to a temperature limited only by radiation and by the cutouts, and the cutout is a backstop rather than a control. Airflow proof is a hard interlock rather than a software permissive, and on a unit whose fan can be set to a low speed by an occupant it is the one safety that has to hold at every speed the occupant can select. {note}
−### Fan motor datasheet {toc}
+# Fan and Motor {toc}
+## Fan Wheel and Motor {toc}
+
+### The fan wheel type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
+label: Fan Wheel Type
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Forward-curved centrifugal"
+ - "Backward-curved centrifugal"
+default: "Forward-curved centrifugal"
+```
+
+### A forward-curved wheel is compact, quiet at the low static pressures a fan-coil unit sees, and the wheel nearly every unit in the market carries. A backward-curved wheel is more efficient at higher static pressure and holds its airflow more steadily as the filter loads, which is why it appears on the larger blower coil units and on units ducted against higher resistance, at a larger casing and a higher cost. {note}
+
+### Fan wheels shall be statically and dynamically balanced and shall be mounted directly on the motor shaft or on a resilient fan deck so that fan vibration is not transmitted to the casing.
+
+### The fan motor type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
label: Fan Motor Type
type: radio
options:
− - "ECM / EC — electronically commutated (variable speed, high efficiency) — standard"
− - "PSC — permanent split capacitor (multi-speed tap control, lower efficiency)"
−default: "ECM / EC — electronically commutated (variable speed, high efficiency) — standard"
+ - "Electronically commutated motor"
+ - "Permanent split capacitor motor"
+default: "Electronically commutated motor"
```
−## Fan Speed Control {toc}
+### An electronically commutated motor holds a high efficiency across its speed range and accepts a speed command directly, so the airflow is set at commissioning by changing a signal or a programmed tap rather than by changing a winding, and it runs at a fraction of the input power of the alternative at every reduced speed. A permanent split capacitor motor is efficient near its design point and falls away sharply below it, its airflow is set in the discrete steps its winding taps provide, and it costs less at the unit. The energy code is the condition that usually decides it: where the code requires a fractional-horsepower fan motor to be electronically commutated or to meet an efficiency only that motor reaches, the alternative is no longer selectable. {note}
−### ECM units shall provide continuously variable fan speed control commanded by the unit controller over the unit's operating range.
+### Fan motors shall comply with the fan motor efficiency provisions of [[parameter: adopted-energy-code]] for fan-coil units and terminal equipment.
−### PSC units shall provide a minimum of three discrete fan speeds (low, medium, high) selectable at the unit and, where indicated, by the zone control.
+### Fan motors shall be permanently lubricated, shall be furnished with integral thermal overload protection, and shall comply with the applicable provisions of NEMA MG 1.
−### Fan speed control datasheet {toc}
+### The fan and motor assembly shall be removable through the access panel without disconnecting the coil connections, the condensate connection, or the duct connections.
+### The fan input power at the design operating point shall not exceed the value indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Fan Speed Control
+label: Fan Input Power at the Design Operating Point
+type: range
+unit: W/cfm
+min: 0.1
+max: 1
+setpoints: [0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.5, 0.75, 1]
+constraint: max
+```
+
+### Where the datasheet does not indicate a fan input power limit, the manufacturer shall state the fan input power at the design operating point for each scheduled unit in the action submittal.
+
+### The fan input power stated for each unit shall be the total input power to the motor and its integral electronics at the scheduled airflow and external static pressure, derived from testing in accordance with ANSI/AMCA 210.
+
+### A fan-coil fan is a small load that runs for every occupied hour of every room in the building, so the fleet's input power is a continuous building load rather than an equipment rating. Power stated at the motor shaft, or at a static pressure lower than the installed unit will see, understates the quantity by a proportion that is largest on exactly these small motors. {note}
+
+## Fan Speed Control {toc}
+
+### The fan speed control means shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Fan Speed Control Means
type: select
options:
− - "Variable speed — continuous (ECM, 0-10 V or PWM)"
− - "Three-speed tap selection (low / medium / high)"
− - "Single speed"
−default: "Variable speed — continuous (ECM, 0-10 V or PWM)"
+ - "Fixed speed set at the unit during startup"
+ - "Multi-speed selected by the occupant at the zone sensor or the unit"
+ - "Modulating speed commanded by the zone controller"
```
−# Coils and Piping Connections {toc}
+### A fixed speed is set once at startup and gives the occupant nothing to adjust, which suits a space where the airflow is a design quantity rather than a comfort preference. Multi-speed selection gives the occupant a fan switch, which is the expected interface in a hotel room or an apartment and is the setting that goes to low and stays there, so the sequence has to deliver the room's load at the speed the occupant leaves it on. A modulating speed under the controller tracks the load continuously, holds the quietest speed the load allows, and removes the fan switch from the occupant's hands, at the cost of a controller output and a sequence that has to be written and commissioned. {note}
−## Coil Construction {toc}
+### The speed control means available to a unit is constrained by the motor selected: a permanent split capacitor motor accepts only the discrete speeds its winding taps provide, while an electronically commutated motor accepts a continuous speed command, and the two selections shall be made together.
−### Coils shall have seamless copper tubes mechanically expanded into aluminum or copper plate fins.
+### Where multi-speed selection is selected, the unit shall provide not fewer than three fan speeds.
−### Hydronic coils shall be factory-pressure-tested to not less than 300 psig before shipment, and DX coils shall be factory-leak-tested and shipped with a holding charge of dry nitrogen.
+### Where a modulating speed is selected, the controller shall not command a speed below the lowest speed at which the electric heater, where furnished, is permitted to operate while the heater is energized.
−### Coil connection hand (left or right) shall be coordinated with the piping layout so that supply and return stub-outs face the piping chase.
+### The as-commissioned fan speed setting for each unit shall be recorded in the field startup and verification record.
−### Coil connection hand datasheet {toc}
+## Electrical Characteristics {toc}
+### The unit supply voltage shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Coil Connection Hand
+label: Unit Supply Voltage
+type: range
+unit: V
+drawing_ref: "electrical drawings and panel schedules"
+min: 115
+max: 480
+setpoints: [115, 120, 208, 230, 240, 277, 460, 480]
+default: deferred
+constraint: exact
+```
+
+### The unit supply phase shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Unit Supply Phase
type: radio
−drawing_ref: true
+drawing_ref: "electrical drawings and panel schedules"
options:
− - "Left-hand connections (facing airflow discharge)"
− - "Right-hand connections (facing airflow discharge)"
−default: "Left-hand connections (facing airflow discharge)"
+ - "Single phase, 1Φ"
+ - "Three phase, 3Φ"
+default: deferred
```
−## Control Valve Package {toc}
+### The electrical characteristics shown on the fan-coil unit schedule and those shown on the electrical documents shall be reconciled before any unit is released for fabrication, and any discrepancy shall be resolved by the Engineer of Record.
−### Each hydronic coil shall be served by a control valve sized for the coil flow and the available differential pressure.
+### The unit nameplate shall state the minimum circuit ampacity and the maximum overcurrent protective device rating for the unit as furnished, including the electric heater where one is furnished.
−### Two-way modulating valves are the preferred selection on variable-flow hydronic distribution because they allow the central pumps to reduce flow at part load; three-way valves are used only on constant-flow systems where coil flow must be maintained regardless of valve position. {note}
+# Filters {toc}
−### Pressure-independent control valves (PICVs) maintain the commanded coil flow regardless of differential pressure variations across the building and are preferred where differential pressure varies widely between the nearest and most remote units. {note}
+## Filter Efficiency and Media {toc}
−### Low close-off leakage shall be coordinated with the valve actuator selection so that a closed valve does not allow chilled water through an idle coil, which produces unwanted condensation on the cabinet and coil.
+### Each unit shall be furnished with a filter located so that all air entering the coil, including ventilation air admitted through a connection on the unit, passes through it.
−### Control valve datasheets {toc}
+### The filter efficiency shall be as indicated in the datasheet, rated in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2.
```datasheet
−label: Coil Control Valve
+label: Filter Efficiency
+type: range
+unit: MERV
+min: 1
+max: 14
+setpoints: [1, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14]
+default: 8
+constraint: min
+```
+
+### The filter media type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Filter Media Type
type: select
options:
− - "Two-way modulating valve (variable-flow distribution)"
− - "Pressure-independent control valve (PICV) — variable flow"
− - "Three-way modulating valve (constant-flow distribution only)"
− - "Two-position (on-off) valve"
−default: "Two-way modulating valve (variable-flow distribution)"
+ - "Disposable fiberglass panel"
+ - "Disposable pleated media"
+ - "Cleanable permanent media"
```
+### A fiberglass panel protects the coil from lint and little else, costs the least, and is the filter the unit ships with when nothing is specified. A pleated filter reaches the efficiency the ventilation standard asks for upstream of a wetted coil and holds more dust before it loads, at a higher resistance the fan has to overcome, which on a unit with a small fan and a one-inch slot can be the difference between the scheduled airflow and a fraction of it. A cleanable filter is washed rather than replaced, which suits an owner with the staff to wash it and a space where a dirty filter would otherwise sit for years, and it protects the coil less at any rating than the disposable media. The condition that fixes the floor is the ventilation standard's requirement for a minimum efficiency upstream of a cooling coil; the condition that fixes the ceiling is the fan. {note}
+
+### The filter depth shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Control Valve Fail Position
+label: Filter Depth
+type: range
+unit: in.
+min: 1
+max: 4
+setpoints: [1, 2, 4]
+default: 1
+constraint: exact
+```
+
+### The fan selection for each unit shall include the pressure drop of the selected filter at the manufacturer's recommended change-out resistance, and the manufacturer shall state the airflow at that resistance in the action submittal.
+
+### Filters shall be of a standard nominal size available from more than one filter manufacturer, and the size shall be stated on the unit label and in the operation and maintenance manual.
+
+## Filter Access {toc}
+
+### The filter access arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Filter Access Arrangement
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Through the return grille of an exposed or recessed unit"
+ - "Slide-out track through a side or bottom access panel of a concealed unit"
+ - "At a filter grille in the ducted return, with no filter in the unit"
+```
+
+### Access through the return grille puts the filter where the occupant or the housekeeper can reach it without a ladder, which is why it is the arrangement of the console unit and the recessed unit. A slide-out track on a concealed unit needs a ceiling opening in line with the track and a clear path the full length of the filter, which is the coordination item most often lost to a sprinkler main or a conduit. A filter grille in the return duct moves the filter to the ceiling where it can be changed from the room, leaves the unit without a filter of its own, and depends on the return duct being sealed so that no unfiltered plenum air reaches the coil. {note}
+
+### The filter shall be replaceable without removing the unit from its mounting, without disconnecting any piping, duct, or wiring, and without tools other than those needed to open the access panel.
+
+### Where a filter grille in the ducted return is selected, the return duct between the grille and the unit shall be sealed to the duct seal class established in [[sync/hvac-ductwork]] so that no unfiltered air enters the coil.
+
+### The filter access location for each concealed unit shall be shown on the shop drawings together with the clear path required to withdraw the filter.
+
+# Drain Pan and Condensate {toc}
+
+## Primary Drain Pan {toc}
+
+### Each unit with a cooling coil shall be furnished with a primary drain pan beneath the full length and width of the coil and beneath the coil headers, return bends, and the coil connections within the casing.
+
+### The primary drain pan material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Primary Drain Pan Material
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Type 304 stainless steel to ASTM A240"
+ - "Galvanized steel with a factory-applied corrosion-resistant coating"
+ - "Molded polymer"
+default: "Type 304 stainless steel to ASTM A240"
+```
+
+### A drain pan ages under a continuous condensate film for the cooling life of the unit, and the material choice is about how it ages. A coated steel pan serves until the coating is scratched, which a filter change or a coil cleaning can do, and then rusts from the scratch. A polymer pan cannot corrode and can crack under a coil that is dropped onto it or a fastener that is overdriven. A stainless pan costs more and does neither, which is why it is the pan the market specifies wherever the unit is above a finished ceiling it cannot be allowed to stain. {note}
+
+### The primary drain pan shall be sloped in two planes to the drain connection so that it holds no standing water when the fan is off.
+
+### The primary drain pan shall be insulated on the underside or constructed double-wall so that the pan exterior does not sweat at the scheduled entering air conditions.
+
+### The primary drain pan shall be furnished with a drain connection not smaller than 3/4 in. at its low point, extended beyond the casing for a field connection.
+
+### The primary drain pan shall be removable or accessible for cleaning through the access panel without removing the coil.
+
+### A pan that holds water between cooling cycles is a warm, dark reservoir in the supply airstream, which is the growth condition the ventilation standard's wetted-surface provisions exist to prevent. Every geometric requirement on the pan is there to make it empty rather than merely drain. {note}
+
+## Condensate Overflow Protection {toc}
+
+### The condensate overflow protection method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Condensate Overflow Protection Method
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Water-level detection device in the primary drain pan that stops the cooling source"
+ - "Auxiliary drain pan beneath the unit with a water-level detection device that stops the cooling source"
+ - "Auxiliary drain pan beneath the unit with a separate drain to a conspicuous location"
+ - "Separate overflow drain line from the primary drain pan to a conspicuous location"
+default: "Water-level detection device in the primary drain pan that stops the cooling source"
+```
+
+### A detection device in the primary pan is the least hardware, stops the condensate at its source, and depends on a switch that is wired and tested; it is the arrangement a concealed unit above a ceiling almost always carries. An auxiliary pan under the whole unit catches a leak from the casing, the coil connection, or a sweating valve package as well as an overflow from the pan, and it needs the depth below the unit to fit. A separate drain or overflow line to a conspicuous location tells someone the unit has overflowed without stopping it, which suits a building with staff who will see it and a unit whose cooling cannot be allowed to shut off on a nuisance trip. The adopted mechanical code sets which arrangements satisfy it where an overflow would damage the building, and the selection is made within that set. {note}
+
+### Overflow protection shall comply with the condensate overflow provisions of [[parameter: adopted-mechanical-code]].
+
+### Overflow protection shall not be omitted on any unit installed above a finished ceiling or above any space whose contents an overflow would damage.
+
+### Where a water-level detection device is selected, it shall stop the cooling source by closing the chilled water valve, by stopping the fan, or both, and shall report the condition to the building automation system.
+
+### Where a water-level detection device is selected, the device shall comply with [[sync/hvac-controls-instrumentation]] whichever party furnishes it, and the party that mounts and wires it shall be as indicated for the control package in this standard.
+
+### Where an auxiliary drain pan is selected, it shall extend not less than 3 in. beyond the casing on every side, shall be constructed of the material selected for the primary drain pan, and shall be supported independently of the unit.
+
+### Where the parties disagree whether an overflow at a unit would damage the building, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination.
+
+## Condensate Removal {toc}
+
+### The condensate removal from the primary drain pan shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Condensate Removal
type: radio
options:
− - "Fail closed"
− - "Fail open to heating (freeze protection on perimeter zones)"
− - "Fail in last position"
−default: "Fail closed"
+ - "Gravity drain from the pan connection"
+ - "Condensate pump furnished within the unit, with an integral high-level switch"
+default: "Gravity drain from the pan connection"
```
−## Coil Freeze Protection {toc}
+### A gravity drain has no moving parts and fails only by blockage, and it needs a continuous fall from the pan connection to the point of disposal, which a unit set tight to the slab above or a riser far from the room cannot always provide. An integral pump lifts the condensate to a drain the geometry allows and adds a motor, a float, and a reservoir to every unit that has one, each of which is a maintenance item and a failure point above a finished ceiling. {note}
−### Hydronic coils serving zones with outdoor-air exposure or located in spaces subject to freezing shall be protected against coil freeze-up by a means appropriate to the installation, such as a freezestat that maintains minimum flow, fail-open heating valves, or a glycol solution where the plant permits.
+### Where an integral condensate pump is selected, its high-level switch shall stop the cooling source in the same manner as the overflow protection device and shall report to the building automation system.
−### A chilled or hot water coil exposed to subfreezing air with stagnant water will burst; freeze protection shall be confirmed for every unit with any path to freezing air before the coil is allowed to remain wet through winter.
+### Where an integral condensate pump is selected, the pump shall be accessible for service through the access panel and shall be removable without draining the pan.
−# Filters {toc}
+### The condensate trap and the drain piping from the pan connection to the point of disposal shall be furnished under [[sync/condensate-drainage-piping]], and the manufacturer shall state the pan static pressure the trap is to be sized for in the action submittal.
−## Filter Type and Rating {toc}
+# Casing and Cabinet {toc}
−### Each fan-coil unit shall include a return-air filter located so that all air entering the coil passes through the filter.
+## Casing Construction and Liner {toc}
−### Filter efficiency shall be rated per ASHRAE 52.2 and expressed as a MERV value.
+### Casings shall be fabricated of galvanized steel sheet to ASTM A653 not lighter than 20 gauge for the structural members and not lighter than 22 gauge for the panels, with the panel stiffness required to prevent drumming at the design fan speed.
−### A 1-inch throwaway filter (MERV 1 to MERV 4) is the lowest acceptable selection and protects the coil from lint only; MERV 8 is the typical selection for general commercial service; MERV 13 is selected where improved indoor air quality is required and the unit fan and casing can accommodate the added pressure drop. {note}
+### Casings shall be furnished with integral mounting brackets, hanger lugs, or threaded inserts sized for the operating weight of the unit, and the Contractor shall not penetrate the casing to attach a hanger.
−### Selecting a high-MERV filter without confirming that the unit fan can deliver design airflow against the added filter pressure drop is a common cause of starved airflow and reduced capacity. {note}
+### Each unit shall be furnished with a removable access panel giving service access to the fan and motor, the coil, the drain pan, the filter, the electric heater where furnished, and the control enclosure.
−### Filter rating datasheet {toc}
+### The casing liner type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: Filter MERV Rating
+label: Casing Liner Type
type: select
options:
− - "MERV 4 (1 in. throwaway — coil protection only)"
− - "MERV 8 (standard commercial)"
− - "MERV 11 (improved)"
− - "MERV 13 (enhanced IAQ — confirm fan capacity)"
−default: "MERV 8 (standard commercial)"
+ - "Fibrous glass liner to ASTM C1071 with a coated or foil-faced airstream surface"
+ - "Closed-cell elastomeric foam liner with no exposed fiber"
+ - "Double-wall construction with fibrous glass encapsulated between solid metal skins"
+ - "Unlined casing"
+default: "Fibrous glass liner to ASTM C1071 with a coated or foil-faced airstream surface"
```
−## Filter Access {toc}
+### The liner is the unit's thermal insulation and its only broadband sound absorber, and it works on the fan noise generated inches from it. A faced fibrous glass liner is the construction nearly every unit carries, and it depends on its facing to keep fiber out of the airstream. A closed-cell foam liner or a double-wall casing carries no exposed fiber, which is what a healthcare infection control assessment or a cleanable-surface requirement asks for, at a higher cost and, for the foam, a thinner section with less sound absorption. An unlined casing sweats on the outside in cooling and transmits the fan noise undamped, and it is selectable for a unit whose casing is insulated and attenuated by other means. {note}
−### The filter shall be accessible for replacement without removing the unit from its installed position and, for concealed units, through the ceiling access provided.
+### Unless the datasheet selects an unlined casing, the casing shall be lined on every surface in contact with the conditioned airstream, including the drain pan underside where the pan is not double-wall.
−### Filter access location shall be coordinated so that the filter can be changed from the occupied side or through an access panel and does not require entry into an adjacent tenant space.
+### Liner materials and adhesives shall have a flame spread index not greater than 25 and a smoke developed index not greater than 50 when tested to ASTM E84.
−### Filter access datasheet {toc}
+### Fibrous glass liner shall show no fungal growth when tested to ASTM C1338.
+### Liner airstream surfaces shall be faced, coated, or encapsulated so that no fiber erodes into the airstream at the highest face velocity the unit is cataloged for.
+
+### Liner shall be secured mechanically as well as adhesively at every edge exposed to the airstream, and every cut edge shall be sealed.
+
+## Exposed Cabinet Finish and Grilles {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where an exposed or a recessed cabinet enclosure is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The exposed cabinet finish shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Filter Access Arrangement
+label: Exposed Cabinet Finish
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Factory-applied powder coat or baked enamel in a stock color"
+ - "Factory-applied powder coat or baked enamel in a custom color matched to a sample"
+ - "Factory-primed for field painting"
+```
+
+### A stock color ships from the line with no lead-time or cost premium and is the finish the hospitality and multifamily markets take by default, in a small palette of neutral tones. A custom color matches the room's finish schedule at a color-match charge and a longer lead time, and it is what an architect asks for where the cabinet is a visible element of the room. A primed cabinet is painted in the field with the wall, which matches the wall exactly and depends on the painter protecting the grilles and the controls from the paint. {note}
+
+### Factory-applied finishes shall withstand a salt spray exposure to ASTM B117 for not less than 500 hours without blistering or creep from a scribe, and the finish system shall be stated in the submittal.
+
+### Finish color shall be as indicated on [[drawing: the room finish schedule]].
+
+### The discharge grille type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Discharge Grille Type
type: radio
options:
− - "Bottom / return-face access (exposed cabinet)"
− - "Side access panel (concealed unit)"
− - "Ducted return — filter in return grille (field-furnished)"
−default: "Side access panel (concealed unit)"
+ - "Stamped steel louvered grille integral to the cabinet"
+ - "Extruded aluminum double-deflection grille with adjustable blades"
+default: "Stamped steel louvered grille integral to the cabinet"
```
−# Condensate Management {toc}
+### A stamped grille is part of the cabinet panel and throws the air in the fixed direction it was stamped for. A double-deflection grille lets the balancer and the occupant set the throw, which is what a console under a window with a drape, or a unit discharging toward a bed, needs to avoid a draft on the occupant. {note}
−## Primary Drain Pan {toc}
+### Exposed cabinet units shall be furnished with a return grille sized so that the face velocity at the design airflow does not exceed 500 ft/min.
−### Each unit with a cooling coil shall include a corrosion-resistant primary drain pan extending under the full coil and under the coil connections and valve package where condensation can form.
+### Where an exposed cabinet unit is accessible to the public, the front panel and the grilles shall be secured with tamper-resistant fasteners or a keyed latch.
−### The primary drain pan shall be sloped to the drain connection so that it drains completely with no standing water, and a condensate trap shall be installed per the manufacturer's instructions to seal the pan against the unit's negative or positive cabinet pressure and to ensure drainage.
+## Stacked Riser Construction {toc}
−### Primary drain pan material datasheet {toc}
+### Requirements in this article apply where a stacked unit with integral risers is selected in the datasheet.
+### The riser pipe material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Primary Drain Pan Material
+label: Riser Pipe Material
type: radio
options:
− - "Galvanized steel with corrosion-resistant coating"
− - "Stainless steel"
− - "Molded polymer / composite"
−default: "Stainless steel"
+ - "Type L copper water tube to ASTM B88"
+ - "Type M copper water tube to ASTM B88"
+ - "Schedule 40 steel pipe"
+default: "Type L copper water tube to ASTM B88"
```
−## Secondary Drain Pan and Float Switch {toc}
+### A copper riser is joined at each floor with a soldered or brazed coupling at the unit, and the heavier Type L wall carries the pressure of a tall building's static head with margin where the lighter Type M wall is at its rating. A steel riser is heavier, is threaded or welded at the unit, and resists the erosion that a high-velocity copper riser suffers at the fittings, which is why it appears on the tallest buildings and on the largest units. {note}
−### Where a unit is installed above a finished ceiling or above any space where a condensate overflow would cause damage, the unit shall be provided with an auxiliary (secondary) drain pan under the unit, a condensate overflow float switch, or both.
+### Riser sizes shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the hydronic riser diagram]].
−### The condensate float switch shall shut down the unit, close the cooling valve, or both on detection of a high condensate level so that the overflow is stopped before water reaches the finished space.
+### Risers shall be furnished with a swaged, flexible, or coupled joint at each floor that accommodates the misalignment and the thermal and structural movement between floors stated in the riser data submittal.
−### Condensate overflow onto finished construction is the single most common cause of water damage from fan-coil units and is preventable with a secondary pan and a float switch; the protection shall not be omitted on units over occupied or finished space.
+### Risers shall extend through the casing top and bottom to a joint location that is accessible for making the joint and for inspecting it before the floor penetration is firestopped.
−### Condensate overflow protection datasheet {toc}
+### The riser insulation application shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: Condensate Overflow Protection
−type: select
+label: Riser Insulation Application
+type: radio
options:
− - "Primary drain pan only (units not over finished space)"
− - "Primary pan with condensate float switch (shutdown on high level)"
− - "Primary pan, secondary pan, and float switch (over finished space)"
−default: "Primary pan with condensate float switch (shutdown on high level)"
+ - "Factory-applied within the casing"
+ - "Field-applied under the mechanical insulation scope"
```
−## Condensate Drainage and Pump {toc}
+### Factory-applied insulation arrives on the riser and leaves only the floor joint to be insulated in the field, which is faster and is protected by the casing from the damage a field-insulated riser suffers while the floor above is still under construction. Field-applied insulation is specified and inspected under the insulation standard with the rest of the building's piping, which keeps one standard and one trade responsible for the vapor retarder on every cold pipe, and it exposes the riser inside the casing to the insulator's reach. {note}
−### Condensate shall drain by gravity to a piped condensate system sloped to a point of disposal where the installation geometry permits.
+### Riser insulation, whichever party applies it, shall be continuous through the floor joint and shall carry a vapor retarder on the chilled water and condensate risers that is sealed at every joint in accordance with [[sync/mechanical-insulation]].
−### Where gravity drainage is not feasible because the drain point is above the unit pan, a condensate pump with an integral high-level safety switch shall be provided.
+### Each stacked unit shall be furnished with isolation valves on the branch from each riser to the coil so that the coil and its connection package can be isolated from the riser without draining the riser.
−### Condensate drainage method datasheet {toc}
+### Riser expansion compensation, anchorage, and guides shall be designed by the unit manufacturer for the riser height of the project and shall be stated in the riser data submittal.
+### The floor penetration firestop at each riser shall be furnished under [[sync/firestopping]] for the riser material and the insulation selected.
+
+### Risers shall be pressure tested with the piping system in accordance with [[sync/hydronic-piping]] before the casings are closed and the floors are finished.
+
+# Sound Performance {toc}
+
+## Sound Rating Basis {toc}
+
+### Sound power of each scheduled unit shall be rated under the program indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Condensate Drainage Method
+label: Sound Rating Program
type: radio
+derived: "the cabinet enclosure selected, with a unit discharging to the room through its own grilles rated under AHRI 350 and a ducted unit rated under AHRI 260"
options:
− - "Gravity drain to piped condensate system"
− - "Condensate pump with integral high-level safety switch"
−default: "Gravity drain to piped condensate system"
+ - "AHRI 350"
+ - "AHRI 260"
+default: derived
```
−# Cabinet and Finish {toc}
+### Sound power shall be reported in octave bands 2 through 7 at the scheduled fan speed and the scheduled external static pressure, with discharge, inlet, and radiated sound reported separately for a ducted unit.
−## Cabinet Construction {toc}
+### Occupied-space sound levels shall be estimated from the reported sound power in accordance with ANSI/AHRI 885, and the submittal shall state the room absorption, the unit-to-listener distance, and the ceiling and plenum attenuation values used.
−### Unit cabinets shall be fabricated from galvanized steel sheet conforming to ASTM A653 of gauge sufficient to resist deflection and drumming at the design fan speed, with insulation on interior surfaces to limit thermal transmission and to attenuate fan noise.
+### A unit discharging into the room through its own grille is rated as a whole, because the occupant hears everything it makes. A ducted unit is rated by path, because the duct, the lining, and the outlet attenuate the discharge sound while the radiated sound reaches the occupant through the ceiling with almost nothing in the way, and on a unit above a lay-in ceiling the radiated path is the one that sets the room level. {note}
−### Cabinet interior insulation shall have a flame-spread and smoke-developed index acceptable under NFPA 90A and shall be protected against erosion into the airstream at the design face velocity.
+## Occupied-Space Sound Limit {toc}
−## Exposed Cabinet Finish {toc}
+### The maximum sound level in the occupied space attributable to the unit, with the fan at the scheduled design speed, shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Exposed cabinet units shall have a factory-applied finish on all surfaces visible in the occupied space, free of scratches and uniform in color.
+```datasheet
+label: Occupied-Space Sound Level at the Design Fan Speed
+type: range
+unit: NC
+min: 15
+max: 55
+setpoints: [15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55]
+constraint: max
+```
−### Cabinet color shall be coordinated with the architectural finish schedule for units located in the occupied space.
+### Sound criteria vary by how the space is used, and the ranges commonly applied are: {note}
−### Exposed cabinet finish datasheet {toc}
+- NC 25 to NC 30 for hotel guest rooms, patient rooms, residences, and executive offices
+- NC 30 to NC 35 for private offices, classrooms, conference rooms, and libraries
+- NC 35 to NC 40 for open offices, retail sales areas, restaurants, and lobbies
+- NC 40 to NC 45 for corridors, public circulation, and light industrial spaces
+- NC 45 to NC 50 for kitchens, locker rooms, and mechanical and service areas
+### Where the Contract Documents indicate a lower sound limit for a specific space, that limit shall govern in that space.
+
+### The unit selection submitted for each scheduled zone shall demonstrate compliance with the applicable limit using the actual room volume, room absorption, and unit-to-listener distance for that zone.
+
+### Where a multi-speed or modulating fan is furnished, the sound level at the highest speed the occupant or the controller can select shall also be stated in the submittal.
+
+### A fan-coil unit sits in the room it serves or just above it, so there is no duct run to attenuate it and no distance to lose it over; the fan speed selected for capacity is the sound the occupant lives with, and a unit selected to meet its capacity at high speed and its sound criterion at low speed meets neither in the room. {note}
+
+### Sound criteria expressed as noise criteria values shall be evaluated by the tangent method of ANSI/ASA S12.2 where field measurement is performed.
+
+# Zone Control and Control Package {toc}
+
+## Zone Control Type and Mounting {toc}
+
+### The zone control type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Exposed Cabinet Finish
+label: Zone Control Type
type: select
−drawing_ref: true
options:
− - "Factory baked-enamel — manufacturer standard white"
− - "Factory baked-enamel — custom color to match architecture"
− - "Not applicable — concealed unit (unfinished cabinet)"
−default: "Not applicable — concealed unit (unfinished cabinet)"
+ - "Networked direct digital controller reporting to the building automation system"
+ - "Standalone direct digital controller with no network connection"
+ - "Thermostat with a fan speed selector and no controller"
```
−# Controls and BAS Interface {toc}
+### A networked controller gives the building its trends, its alarms, its scheduled setbacks, and its float switch report, and it is what a building with an automation system expects at every unit. A standalone controller runs the same sequence at the unit and reports nothing, which suits a building without a network or a tenant space that is metered and controlled on its own. A thermostat with a fan switch is the oldest arrangement and the one the hospitality market still buys in volume, because the guest expects a dial and a fan switch and the owner expects nothing else; it depends on line-voltage or low-voltage wiring between the thermostat, the valves, and the fan, and it reports nothing. {note}
−## DDC Controller {toc}
+### The controller, where furnished, the sequences of operation, the network, and the points shall comply with [[sync/building-automation-system]].
−### Each fan-coil unit shall be furnished with a factory-installed or factory-supplied direct digital control (DDC) controller capable of executing the project's zone control sequence.
+### The thermostat, the zone sensor, the control valves, the valve actuators, the changeover sensor, the low-temperature detection device, and the water-level detection device shall comply with [[sync/hvac-controls-instrumentation]] whichever party furnishes them.
−### The controller shall include sufficient hardwired inputs and outputs for the unit's fan speed control, cooling and heating valve outputs (or DX and electric heat outputs), zone temperature sensor, condensate float switch, and any optional inputs indicated in the BAS sequence.
+### The control device mounting and wiring responsibility shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### DDC controller datasheets {toc}
+```datasheet
+label: Control Device Mounting and Wiring Responsibility
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Control devices furnished, mounted, and wired to a terminal strip by the unit manufacturer"
+ - "Control devices furnished by the controls contractor, shipped to the unit manufacturer for factory mounting and wiring"
+ - "Control devices furnished by the unit manufacturer and shipped loose for field mounting and wiring"
+ - "Control devices furnished, mounted, and wired by the controls contractor in the field"
+```
+### Who furnishes the controller and the valve actuators, who mounts them, and who wires them are separate commercial decisions, and the units arrive in whichever state the decision leaves them. Factory mounting and wiring puts the devices on the unit before it ships, with the wiring diagram and the terminal strip tested at the factory, and removes a field operation from every unit on the project; it ties the controls contractor to the manufacturer's device selection or to a shipment of devices to the factory. Field mounting keeps the controls contractor in charge of every device and every wire, which keeps the sequence, the graphics, and the warranty in one party's hands, and it puts a technician in every ceiling on the project. The failure to avoid is leaving any one of the three unassigned, because the gap surfaces at startup when the schedule has no room for it. {note}
+
+### Where devices are factory-mounted and wired, the unit shall be furnished with a terminal strip in the control enclosure to which every factory-wired device is landed and labeled, and the field connections shall be limited to power, the zone sensor, and the network.
+
+### Where devices are furnished by one party and mounted by another, the furnishing party shall deliver the devices to the mounting party with the mounting hardware and the wiring diagram, and the mounting party shall be responsible for the correctness of the mounting and the wiring.
+
+### The zone sensor location shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Controller Communication Protocol
+label: Zone Sensor Location
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Wall-mounted in the zone"
+ - "Unit-mounted on the cabinet of an exposed unit"
+default: "Wall-mounted in the zone"
+```
+
+### A wall-mounted sensor reads the room where the occupant is and is wired or networked back to the unit. A unit-mounted sensor on a console cabinet needs no wall wiring and reads the air at the cabinet, which is the room's air only when the discharge is not short-circuiting to the return, and it is the arrangement that makes a console a self-contained product. {note}
+
+## Control Valve and Coil Connection Package {toc}
+
+### The control valve operation shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Control Valve Operation
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Two-position, open or closed on a call from the zone"
+ - "Modulating, positioned by the zone controller"
+```
+
+### A two-position valve is the least cost and the least to commission, and it is the valve a thermostat without a controller can drive; the zone cycles between full coil capacity and none, and on a 2-pipe coil with a wide water temperature difference the cycle is felt at the discharge grille. A modulating valve holds the coil at the capacity the load needs, keeps the water temperature difference where the plant was designed for it, and needs a controller output and an actuator that costs more than the two-position one. {note}
+
+### The coil control and balancing arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Coil Control and Balancing Arrangement
type: select
options:
− - "BACnet MS/TP (RS-485) — most common for terminal-unit networks"
− - "BACnet IP (Ethernet)"
− - "Modbus RTU (RS-485)"
− - "Manufacturer-proprietary protocol with gateway to BACnet"
−default: "BACnet MS/TP (RS-485) — most common for terminal-unit networks"
+ - "Two-way control valve with a manual calibrated balancing valve"
+ - "Two-way control valve with an automatic flow-limiting valve"
+ - "Three-way control valve with a balancing valve on the bypass"
+ - "Pressure-independent control valve combining control and flow limiting"
```
+### A two-way valve shuts the coil off and lets the distribution reduce its flow at part load, which is what a variable-flow plant is built around; with a manual balancing valve the flow is set once by the balancer and drifts as other zones open and close, and with an automatic flow limiter it is capped at the unit regardless of what the rest of the system does. A three-way valve passes the coil's flow through a bypass when the coil is closed, so the distribution flow is constant, which suits a constant-flow plant and defeats the pump energy saving a variable-flow plant exists for. A pressure-independent valve controls and limits flow in one body, holds the commanded flow as the differential pressure across it changes, and needs no separate balancing device, at a higher cost per unit and a sizing that has to match the coil's scheduled flow. {note}
+
+### Where a three-way control valve is selected on a plant with variable-flow distribution, the Engineer of Record shall document the constant-flow bypass the plant has been designed to accept.
+
+### Each coil shall be served by an isolation valve on the supply and on the return, a strainer upstream of the control valve, the control and balancing arrangement indicated in the datasheet, and a drain connection on the coil side of the isolation valves.
+
+### The coil connection package furnishing shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Required Controller I/O
+label: Coil Connection Package Furnishing
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Factory-assembled and factory-mounted on the unit by the unit manufacturer"
+ - "Factory-assembled by the unit manufacturer and shipped loose for field mounting"
+ - "Field-assembled from components furnished under the hydronic specialties and controls standards"
+```
+
+### A factory-mounted package arrives sized for the coil, leak tested with it, and fitted inside the casing, so the piping contractor makes two connections per coil and the unit has one party responsible for everything inside the casing; it fixes the package to the manufacturer's component selection. A package shipped loose keeps the manufacturer's sizing and leaves the mounting to the field, which suits a unit whose connection hand or clearance is not settled at order. A field-assembled package is specified device by device under the specialties and controls standards, which gives the engineer every component choice and gives the field every joint, and it is the arrangement on a project whose specialties are standardized across equipment of many kinds. {note}
+
+### The additional components furnished in the coil connection package shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Coil Connection Package Components
type: checkbox
options:
− - "Fan speed output (0-10 V ECM)"
− - "Fan low/medium/high stage outputs (PSC)"
− - "Chilled water valve output (modulating)"
− - "Hot water valve output (modulating)"
− - "Electric heat stage outputs"
− - "Zone temperature sensor input"
− - "Condensate float switch input (safety shutdown)"
− - "Occupancy / motion sensor input"
− - "Window / balcony door contact input"
− - "Discharge air temperature sensor input"
−default: "Zone temperature sensor input"
+ - "Flexible hose connectors between the package and the coil"
+ - "Pressure and temperature test ports on the supply and the return"
+ - "Unions or hose-end connections permitting coil removal"
+ - "Manual air vent at the package high point"
+ - "Hose-end drain valve at the package low point"
+ - "Strainer blowdown valve"
+default:
+ - "Pressure and temperature test ports on the supply and the return"
+ - "Unions or hose-end connections permitting coil removal"
+ - "Manual air vent at the package high point"
+ - "Hose-end drain valve at the package low point"
+constraint: all_of
```
−## Coordination with Building Automation System {toc}
+### Balancing valves, automatic flow-limiting valves, pressure-independent control valves, strainers, flexible connectors, test ports, and the other hydronic specialties in the package shall comply with [[sync/hydronic-specialties]] whichever party furnishes them.
−### The fan-coil unit controller shall be commissioned by the controls contractor on the project's BAS network per [[sync/building-automation-system]].
+### Isolation valves in the package shall comply with [[sync/hvac-piping-valves]] whichever party furnishes them.
−### Controller addressing and network segmentation shall be coordinated before unit shipment so that the factory-applied address and unit tag are consistent with the BAS database.
+### Two-way and three-way control valves and their actuators in the package shall comply with [[sync/hvac-controls-instrumentation]] whichever party furnishes them.
−## Zone Sensor {toc}
+### Where the package is factory-assembled, the manufacturer shall state the flow setting of each balancing or flow-limiting device, the valve flow coefficient, and the close-off rating in the coil connection package data.
−### Each zone served shall be provided with a wall-mounted zone temperature sensor.
+### Every package shall be arranged so that the coil can be removed after the isolation valves are closed without dismantling the piping beyond them.
−### Where the project zoning includes occupant-adjustable setpoints, the wall sensor shall include a setpoint adjustment within a defined deadband relative to the system setpoint.
+### The chilled water package and its connections within the casing shall be insulated with a vapor-sealed insulation, or shall be located over the primary drain pan, so that condensation from them does not reach the ceiling.
−### Zone sensor datasheet {toc}
+# Electrical Provisions {toc}
+## Disconnecting Means {toc}
+
+### The disconnecting means for each unit shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Zone Sensor Type
+label: Unit Disconnecting Means
type: select
options:
− - "Temperature only — no occupant adjustment"
− - "Temperature with limited setpoint adjustment (±2 °F)"
− - "Temperature with setpoint adjustment and fan-speed selection"
− - "Temperature with humidity (multi-function room sensor)"
−default: "Temperature with setpoint adjustment and fan-speed selection"
+ - "Factory-mounted disconnect switch on the unit"
+ - "Field-installed disconnect switch within sight of the unit"
+ - "Lockable circuit breaker at the branch panelboard"
```
−# Electrical {toc}
+### A factory-mounted switch arrives on the unit, in the control enclosure, with no field box to mount above the ceiling, and it adds a listed component to every unit. A field-installed switch is the electrician's standard device in the electrician's standard box, placed where the ceiling access is, and it is one more item to coordinate at every unit. A lockable breaker at the panel satisfies the code where the panel is within the conditions the code allows and leaves nothing at the unit, which suits a hotel floor with a panel in the corridor and a unit in every room, and it means the technician walks to the panel to make the unit safe. {note}
−## Each fan-coil unit shall be connected to a branch circuit sized and protected per NFPA 70 using the minimum circuit ampacity (MCA) and maximum overcurrent protection (MOCP) marked on the unit nameplate.
+### The disconnecting means shall comply with NFPA 70, and where a lockable breaker at the branch panelboard is selected, the panelboard shall be permanently labeled with the unit tags it serves.
−## A disconnecting means shall be provided within sight of each unit, or a lockable means shall be provided at the branch panelboard where permitted by the NEC.
+### Where an electric heater is furnished, the disconnecting means shall disconnect the heater and the fan together unless separate circuits are selected.
−## Units with electric heating coils shall comply with NFPA 70 Article 424, shall include integral over-temperature protection, and shall include an airflow proving interlock that disables the heater when airflow falls below the manufacturer's minimum.
+## Power Connection {toc}
−## Low-voltage control wiring shall be Class 2 cable routed separately from line-voltage power wiring as required by the NEC, and plenum-rated cable shall be used in air-handling plenums.
+### The power connection arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−## Unit electrical service datasheet {toc}
+```datasheet
+label: Power Connection Arrangement
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Single-point connection serving the fan, the heater where furnished, and the controls"
+ - "Separate connections for the fan and for the electric heater"
+default: "Single-point connection serving the fan, the heater where furnished, and the controls"
+```
+### A single-point connection is one circuit and one disconnect at every unit, with the heater and the fan protected together inside the unit. Separate connections let a heater on a three-phase circuit share a unit with a fan on a single-phase circuit, or let the heater be metered and switched apart from the fan, at the cost of a second circuit and a second disconnect at every unit that has them. {note}
+
+### Each unit shall be served by a branch circuit sized for the minimum circuit ampacity and protected at not more than the maximum overcurrent protective device rating on the unit nameplate.
+
+### Where a single-point connection is selected and an electric heater is furnished, the unit shall be furnished with the internal overcurrent protection the listing requires for the heater and the fan on one circuit.
+
+### A control power transformer, where the control devices operate at a voltage other than the unit supply voltage, shall be furnished within the unit.
+
+# Factory Testing {toc}
+
+## Each unit shall be subjected to the manufacturer's production test program before shipment, and the following shall be included in that program:
+
+- Leak test of each hydronic coil and, for a stacked unit, each riser at the specified test pressure
+- Operation of the fan at each available speed, verifying rotation, current, and freedom from rubbing
+- Electrical functional test of the heater section where furnished, verifying the airflow proving interlock, the primary cutout, and the secondary cutout
+- Drain pan drainage check with water introduced at the far end of the pan
+- Point-by-point test of every factory-wired control device against the wiring diagram where devices are factory-mounted and wired
+
+## No unit shall ship until every test in the production test program has passed, and a unit that fails a test shall be corrected and retested at the manufacturer's expense.
+
+## The factory test witnessing requirement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Unit Electrical Service
−type: select
−drawing_ref: true
+label: Factory Test Witnessing
+type: radio
options:
− - "120V / 1-phase"
− - "208V / 1-phase"
− - "240V / 1-phase"
− - "277V / 1-phase"
− - "208V / 3-phase (large units with electric heat)"
−default: "208V / 1-phase"
+ - "Production test program with certified reports and no witness"
+ - "Witnessed test on a sample of units of each configuration"
+ - "Witnessed test on every unit furnished"
+default: "Production test program with certified reports and no witness"
```
+## A fan-coil unit is a production item made in quantity, and the certified production test is what the market relies on. A witnessed test is bought for a configuration the project depends on and the manufacturer has not made before, such as a stacked unit with a riser arrangement engineered for the building, where seeing one unit tested is worth the trip. {note}
+
+## Where a witnessed test is required, the Contractor shall give the Engineer of Record not less than ten working days notice of the test date.
+
+## Where a witnessed test is required and the units are not ready on the scheduled date, the Contractor shall bear the cost of the Engineer of Record's return visit.
+
+# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
+
+## Units shall be delivered in the manufacturer's packaging with each unit marked with its project tag, with the coil connections capped, and with the discharge, return, and condensate openings sealed against construction dust.
+
+## Units shall be stored indoors in a clean, dry, weather-protected space until installation.
+
+## Units shall not be stored on bare ground or bare slab, in standing water, or in a space subject to freezing or to water intrusion.
+
+## Stacked units shall be stored upright, shall be supported on their bases, and shall not be stacked in storage beyond the height the manufacturer publishes.
+
+## Where a hydronic coil or a riser is exposed to a storage temperature below 35 °F, it shall be drained, blown clear with compressed air, and tagged as drained, and a corresponding entry shall be made on the unit schedule so that the coil is refilled and vented before startup.
+
+## Where the ceiling or the chase is not ready to receive units, the Contractor shall hold the units in protected storage rather than installing them and covering the openings.
+
# Installation {toc}
−## Service Clearances {toc}
+## Coordination and Service Access {toc}
−### Before fabricating ceiling layouts and ductwork, the Contractor shall verify that each fan-coil unit can be installed with the manufacturer's required service clearances for fan and motor service, coil and valve access, filter replacement, and condensate trap and pan cleaning.
+### Before ceiling suspension is installed, before ductwork is fabricated, and before risers are set, the Contractor shall verify that each unit can be installed with the service clearance the manufacturer publishes and that its access panel and filter are reachable from the room or from below the finished ceiling.
−### Where ceiling-tile access is not sufficient for a concealed unit, an access door shall be coordinated with the architectural finish schedule.
+### Service access shall be provided to the fan and motor, the coil and its connection package, the drain pan and its connection, the filter, the electric heater where furnished, and the control enclosure.
−## Mounting and Support {toc}
+### Where the ceiling construction below a concealed unit does not permit access through the ceiling itself, an access panel shall be coordinated with the finish schedule and installed below the unit access panel and the filter track.
−### Horizontal units shall be suspended from structure using all-thread rod and the manufacturer's integral mounting provisions, and shall not be supported by the connected ductwork or piping.
+### Where a conflict cannot be resolved without relocating a unit from its scheduled position, the Contractor shall obtain the Engineer of Record's acceptance of the revised position, including the effect on the condensate drain slope and the riser alignment, before installing it.
−### Suspended units shall be installed level in the direction of condensate flow, or pitched toward the drain connection as the manufacturer requires, so that the primary drain pan drains completely.
+## Support and Isolation {toc}
−### Vertical and stacked units shall be set plumb and anchored to the floor or wall as the manufacturer requires.
+### Horizontal units shall be suspended from the building structure by threaded rod or trapeze hanger attached to the mounting provisions furnished on the casing, at not fewer than four points, in accordance with [[sync/hangers-and-supports]].
−### A unit hung out of level so that the pan does not drain is a recurring cause of standing condensate, microbial growth, and overflow; pan slope shall be verified at installation. {note}
+### Units shall not be supported by the ceiling suspension system, by connected ductwork, or by connected piping.
−## Piping Connections {toc}
+### Vertical and stacked units shall be set plumb on a level base and anchored to the floor or the wall at the points the manufacturer designates.
−### Chilled water and hot water supply and return piping to coils shall comply with [[sync/hydronic-piping]].
+### Units shall be installed level in the direction the manufacturer requires for the drain pan to empty completely, and the pan slope shall be verified with water before the ceiling is closed.
−### Each coil shall be served by a piping arrangement including an upstream isolation valve, a balancing or pressure-independent control valve, a strainer, an air vent at the high point, and a drain at the low point.
+### A unit hung out of level so that the pan does not drain is the recurring origin of standing water, odor, and the overflow that a float switch then reports as a nuisance trip. Checking the pan with water while the ceiling is open is the cheapest test in the standard, and the one that is skipped most. {note}
−### Piping shall be supported independently of the fan-coil unit and arranged to permit coil and valve removal without dismantling the connected piping.
+### The hanger isolation for suspended units shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Chilled water piping and valves within the conditioned space shall be insulated with a continuous vapor-tight insulation so that condensation does not form on cold piping, and the insulation shall not be omitted at the unit connection.
+```datasheet
+label: Hanger Isolation for Suspended Units
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Rigid hangers with no isolation"
+ - "Neoprene hanger isolators"
+ - "Spring hanger isolators"
+```
−### DX refrigerant connections shall be made per [[sync/hvac-ductwork]] coordination and the refrigerant-piping requirements of the matched condensing unit.
+### A fan-coil fan is small and runs at a low speed, and on a unit hung from a concrete slab with its fan on a resilient deck the structure rarely transmits anything audible, which is why rigid hangers are the arrangement most units carry. A neoprene isolator stops the high-frequency fan hum a light steel or wood structure would otherwise carry into the room above, at little cost. A spring isolator addresses the low-frequency vibration of a large blower coil unit and is more than the small unit needs. {note}
−## Condensate Piping {toc}
+### Isolators shall be selected and installed in accordance with [[sync/vibration-isolation-and-seismic-restraint]].
−### Condensate drain piping shall be run with a trap at the unit and sloped continuously to the point of disposal.
+### Seismic restraint of the unit shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Condensate piping in the conditioned space shall be insulated where surface condensation would drip onto finished construction.
+```datasheet
+label: Seismic Restraint
+type: radio
+derived: "[[parameter: seismic-design-category]] applied to the unit weight, the component importance factor assigned to the unit, and the attachment height in accordance with ASCE 7 Chapter 13"
+options:
+ - "Engineered seismic restraint of the unit to the structure"
+ - "No seismic restraint beyond the manufacturer's attachment hardware"
+default: derived
+```
−### The condensate trap depth shall be coordinated with the unit cabinet static pressure so that the trap holds a seal and the pan drains under operating conditions.
+### Where engineered restraint is furnished, it shall be designed, furnished, and installed in accordance with [[sync/vibration-isolation-and-seismic-restraint]], and restraints on an isolated unit shall engage only under seismic displacement.
−## Ducted Connections (Concealed Units) {toc}
+## Hydronic Connections {toc}
−### Concealed units shall connect to supply and return ductwork per [[sync/hvac-ductwork]] with a flexible connector at the unit to limit vibration and fan-noise transmission into the duct.
+### Chilled water and heating water piping from the plant to the coil connection package shall comply with [[sync/hydronic-piping]].
−### Where a ducted return is used, the return filter location shall be confirmed so that the unit coil remains protected by a filter.
+### Piping at the unit shall be supported independently of the unit so that no piping load is carried by the casing, the coil connections, or the connection package.
−# Testing and Balancing {toc}
+### Piping and the connection package shall be arranged so that the coil can be removed without dismantling the piping beyond the isolation valves.
−## Airflow Setting {toc}
+### Chilled water piping, the connection package, and the condensate connection within a ceiling plenum or a finished space shall be insulated continuously with a vapor retarder in accordance with [[sync/mechanical-insulation]], and the insulation shall not be interrupted at the unit connection.
−### The testing, adjusting, and balancing agent shall set and verify the airflow at each unit at the design fan speed per [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]].
+### Flexible hose connectors, where furnished, shall be installed without twist and with the bend radius the hose manufacturer publishes, and shall not be used to correct a piping misalignment.
−### For ECM units the fan output shall be trimmed to deliver design airflow against the actual installed external static pressure; for PSC units the appropriate speed tap shall be selected.
+### Coils shall be filled, vented at the coil vent, and pressure tested with the piping system in accordance with [[sync/hydronic-piping]] before the ceiling is closed.
−## Waterside Balancing {toc}
+## Condensate Connections {toc}
−### The balancing agent shall set the waterside flow through each coil to the scheduled design flow per [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]] and [[sync/hydronic-piping]].
+### The condensate drain from the pan connection shall be trapped, sloped, and routed to the point of disposal in accordance with [[sync/condensate-drainage-piping]].
−### Where pressure-independent control valves are used, the design flow limit shall be confirmed at the valve rather than set with a separate balancing valve.
+### The trap shall be sized for the pan static pressure the manufacturer states in the action submittal.
−## Condensate and Functional Verification {toc}
+### Where an auxiliary drain pan or a separate overflow drain is selected, its drain shall terminate at a conspicuous location in accordance with [[sync/condensate-drainage-piping]].
−### The Contractor shall verify that each unit's primary pan drains completely with no standing water and that the condensate float switch shuts the unit down on a simulated high condensate level.
+### The water-level detection device, where furnished, shall be installed at the height and in the location the device manufacturer requires, and its operation shall be verified with water before the ceiling is closed.
−### The full zone control sequence shall be demonstrated, including cooling and heating valve operation, fan speed response, changeover (2-pipe units), electric heat airflow interlock where applicable, and BAS reporting of all hardwired points.
+## Duct Connections {toc}
−# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
+### Requirements in this article apply where a concealed unit is ducted at the discharge, the return, or the ventilation air connection.
−## Fan-coil units shall be delivered to the project site in original factory packaging with coil connections capped and supply and return openings sealed against construction dust.
+### Ductwork at the unit shall be connected to the unit collars with a flexible connector that isolates the duct from the casing, and shall be sealed to the duct seal class established in [[sync/hvac-ductwork]].
−## Units shall be stored indoors in a clean, dry, conditioned space and shall not be stored on bare concrete, in standing water, or in any space subject to freezing or to roof leaks.
+### The discharge duct shall be sized and routed so that the external static pressure at the scheduled airflow does not exceed the value indicated in the datasheet for that unit, and the Contractor shall report any duct routing that cannot meet that value to the Engineer of Record before fabrication.
−## Hydronic coils on stored units shall be protected from freezing; where storage temperature can fall below 35 °F, coils shall be drained, blown out with compressed air, and tagged as drained, with a corresponding note on the unit schedule so that the coils are refilled and vented before startup.
+### Diffusers, grilles, and registers served by a ducted unit shall be furnished and installed under [[sync/hvac-air-distribution-devices]].
−## DX units shall retain their factory nitrogen holding charge until connected, and any unit found with a lost holding charge shall be leak-tested before refrigerant connection.
+### Where a ducted return is furnished, the return duct shall be sealed so that the unit draws from the room rather than from the plenum, except where the design draws return air from the plenum through a ceiling return grille.
−# Warranty {toc}
+## Electrical and Control Wiring {toc}
−## Equipment Warranty {toc}
+### Branch circuit conductors, the disconnecting means, and the connection to the unit shall comply with NFPA 70.
−### The fan-coil unit manufacturer shall warrant the equipment against defects in materials and workmanship for the period specified below, beginning from the date of substantial completion.
+### Control wiring between the unit terminal strip, the zone sensor, the thermostat, and the network shall be Class 2 cable installed in accordance with NFPA 70, and cable installed in a ceiling plenum shall be listed for that use.
−### The equipment warranty shall cover the cabinet, coil, fan and motor, drain pan, valve and actuator, controller, and all factory-installed components.
+### Control wiring shall be routed and supported separately from line-voltage wiring and shall not be laid on ceiling tile, on pipe insulation, or on the unit casing.
−### Equipment warranty period datasheet {toc}
+### Network wiring, addressing, and termination at the unit controller shall comply with [[sync/building-automation-system]].
+## Pre-Startup Inspection {toc}
+
+### Before the units are energized and the systems are started, the Contractor shall confirm the following at each unit:
+
+- Shipping restraints, blocking, and protective films have been removed
+- The fan rotates freely and in the correct direction
+- The filter is installed, is the scheduled rating and size, and can be withdrawn
+- The coil is filled, vented, and pressure tested with the system
+- The drain pan drains completely with water introduced at the far end, and the trap is primed
+- The water-level detection device stops the cooling source when the pan is filled to its trip level
+- The electric heater circuit, where furnished, is energized and the airflow proving device reads a no-flow condition with the fan off
+- The control devices are mounted, wired to the terminal strip per the diagram, and the zone sensor reports a plausible temperature
+- Network communication is established with the controller at its assigned address where a networked controller is furnished
+- Access panels are closed and the ceiling or the cabinet front is complete
+
```datasheet
−label: Equipment Warranty Period
−type: select
+label: Pre-Startup Inspection Checklist
+type: checkbox
options:
− - "1 year parts and labor from substantial completion (minimum)"
− - "2 years parts and labor from substantial completion"
− - "5 years parts, 1 year labor"
−default: "1 year parts and labor from substantial completion (minimum)"
+ - "Shipping restraints and protective films removed"
+ - "Fan rotates freely in the correct direction"
+ - "Scheduled filter installed and withdrawable"
+ - "Coil filled, vented, and pressure tested"
+ - "Drain pan drains completely and trap primed"
+ - "Water-level detection device stops the cooling source"
+ - "Electric heater circuit energized and airflow proving device verified"
+ - "Control devices mounted, wired per diagram, and zone sensor reporting"
+ - "Network communication established at the assigned address"
+ - "Access panels closed and finish complete"
+default:
+ - "Shipping restraints and protective films removed"
+ - "Fan rotates freely in the correct direction"
+ - "Scheduled filter installed and withdrawable"
+ - "Coil filled, vented, and pressure tested"
+ - "Drain pan drains completely and trap primed"
+ - "Water-level detection device stops the cooling source"
+ - "Control devices mounted, wired per diagram, and zone sensor reporting"
+ - "Access panels closed and finish complete"
+constraint: all_of
```
−## ECM Motor and Coil Extended Warranty {toc}
+### Units shall not be operated to provide temporary heating, cooling, or ventilation during construction unless the Engineer of Record accepts the temporary use in writing and the Contractor replaces every filter and cleans every coil, pan, and casing so operated before Substantial Completion.
−### ECM fan motors and hydronic coils shall carry an extended warranty consistent with industry practice for these components.
+# Field Testing and Commissioning {toc}
−### ECM motor and coil extended warranty datasheets {toc}
+## Airflow and Water Flow Verification {toc}
+### The testing and balancing agent shall verify the airflow at each unit at the design fan speed and at each other speed the occupant or the controller can select, in accordance with [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]].
+
+### The testing and balancing agent shall set and verify the water flow through each coil at the scheduled flow, in accordance with [[sync/testing-adjusting-and-balancing]], using the balancing or flow-limiting device furnished in the connection package.
+
+### Where a pressure-independent control valve is furnished, the scheduled flow shall be set at the valve and verified at the valve's own measurement ports rather than with a separate balancing device.
+
+### Verification shall be performed with the ceiling complete, the scheduled filter installed and clean, and the plant operating at its design supply temperature and differential pressure.
+
+### Where a unit cannot be brought to the scheduled airflow at the design fan speed or to the scheduled water flow, the testing and balancing agent shall report the condition to the Engineer of Record rather than raising the fan speed or the valve setting to match the schedule.
+
+### Raising the fan speed to recover a shortfall recovers the airflow at the sound level of the higher speed, which the room was not selected for, and it is the quiet substitution that turns an airflow deficiency into a noise complaint after the balancing report has closed. {note}
+
+## Functional Performance Testing {toc}
+
+### The extent of functional performance testing shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: ECM Motor Extended Warranty
+label: Extent of Functional Performance Testing
type: radio
options:
− - "Standard — 1 year, same as equipment warranty"
− - "Extended — 5 years on ECM motor and controller"
−default: "Extended — 5 years on ECM motor and controller"
+ - "Not required"
+ - "Representative sample of units of each configuration"
+ - "Every installed unit"
```
+### A fan-coil installation is many copies of a few configurations, and a sample of each configuration finds the defects that are in the design and the submittal. Testing every unit finds the defects that are in the field, which on these units are the mis-wired float switch, the valve left open, and the sensor wired to the wrong terminal, each of which is invisible from a sample of other units. The choice follows what the project can afford to find later: a hotel finds a mis-wired unit from a guest complaint, and a hospital finds it from a ceiling stain in a patient room. {note}
+
+### Where functional performance testing is required, it shall be conducted in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 202 and [[sync/commissioning]], and shall verify the zone control sequence in occupied, unoccupied, and setback modes, the fan speed response, the valve operation through its range, the changeover response where a changeover coil is furnished, the electric heater staging and airflow interlock where a heater is furnished, the overflow protection device, and the reporting of every point to the building automation system where a networked controller is furnished.
+
+### Where a functional performance test fails, the Contractor shall correct the deficiency and shall bear the cost of retesting that unit.
+
+### Where a sample-based extent is selected and a unit in the sample fails, the sample for that configuration shall be doubled at the Contractor's expense.
+
+### The as-left fan speed, the as-left flow setting, and the result of each test shall be recorded for each unit in the field startup and verification record.
+
+# Identification {toc}
+
+## Each unit shall be furnished with a permanent identification label applied to the casing exterior in a location visible with the unit installed and the access panel closed.
+
+## The identification label shall state the unit tag matching the unit schedule, the manufacturer's model and serial number, the airflow at the design fan speed, the cooling and heating capacity, the electric heater rating where furnished, the electrical characteristics including the minimum circuit ampacity and the maximum overcurrent protective device rating, the filter size and rating, the controller address where a networked controller is furnished, and the date of manufacture.
+
+## Identification labels shall not be applied to a removable access panel or to the finished front of an exposed cabinet.
+
+## The identification label shall be an adhesive laminated label or an engraved plate secured to the casing, and on a unit installed in a natatorium, a kitchen, or a corrosive space it shall be an engraved plate mechanically fastened to the casing.
+
+## The filter access panel shall be labeled with the filter size and rating the unit holds.
+
+## Where a unit is replaced or its configuration is changed after the label is applied, the label shall be replaced to reflect the as-installed configuration.
+
+# Warranty {toc}
+
+## The manufacturer shall warrant each unit against defects in materials and workmanship, parts and labor, for the term indicated in the datasheet, beginning at the date of Substantial Completion.
+
```datasheet
−label: Coil Warranty
−type: select
−options:
− - "1 year (minimum)"
− - "5 years against leakage in tube and fin assembly"
−default: "5 years against leakage in tube and fin assembly"
+label: Unit Warranty Term
+type: range
+unit: years
+min: 1
+max: 10
+setpoints: [1, 2, 3, 5, 10]
+default: 1
+constraint: min
```
−## Installation Warranty {toc}
+## The unit warranty shall cover the casing, the liner, the coils, the drain pan, the fan and motor, the electric heater, the integral risers, the condensate pump, and every control device and connection package component furnished by the unit manufacturer.
−### The Contractor shall warrant the installation workmanship — including mounting, duct and piping connections, condensate piping and trap, electrical connections, control wiring, insulation, and labeling — for one year from the date of substantial completion.
+## The fan motor and its integral electronics, each hydronic coil, and each integral riser shall be covered against defects and against leakage in the tube, fin, header, and joint assembly for not less than the unit warranty term, and where the manufacturer offers a longer motor warranty, its term and conditions shall be stated in the submittal.
−### The Contractor shall maintain access to all installed units during the warranty period by keeping access doors and ceiling tiles clear of permanent obstructions.
+## The Contractor shall warrant the installation, including hangers, isolation, riser joints, duct and piping connections, condensate connections, electrical connections, control wiring, insulation at the unit, and identification, for the term indicated in the datasheet, beginning at the date of Substantial Completion.
+```datasheet
+label: Installation Warranty Term
+type: range
+unit: years
+min: 1
+max: 5
+setpoints: [1, 2, 3, 5]
+default: 1
+constraint: min
+```
+
+## Warranty coverage shall include the cost of removing and reinstalling the ceiling, the cabinet front, the ductwork, and the piping disturbed to reach a unit being repaired or replaced, and the cost of repairing collateral damage caused by that work.
+
+## Where a unit or a component is repaired or replaced under warranty, the repaired or replacement item shall carry a fresh warranty of the full original term from the date of the repair, or the remainder of the original term, whichever ends later.
+
+## The Contractor shall keep every installed unit accessible during the warranty period by keeping access panels, ceiling tiles, cabinet fronts, and adjacent construction clear of permanent obstruction.
+
+## The manufacturer shall maintain factory-trained service capability within the region of the project for the duration of the unit warranty term.
+
+## The manufacturer's warranty shall not be voided by a filter change, a drain pan cleaning, a fan speed adjustment, or a control device replacement performed in accordance with the operation and maintenance manual by a qualified technician.
+
# Spare Parts {toc}
−## The following spare parts datasheet establishes the spares to be delivered at substantial completion.
+## The Contractor shall deliver the following to the Owner at Substantial Completion:
+- One complete set of filters of every size and rating installed
+- Two complete sets of filters of every size and rating installed
+- One fan motor of each size and type installed
+- One control valve actuator for each actuator model installed
+- One zone controller for each controller model furnished by the unit manufacturer
+- One water-level detection device of each model installed
+- One condensate pump of each model installed
+- Zone sensors or thermostats equal to five percent of the installed quantity, and not fewer than two
+- One primary and one secondary thermal cutout for each electric heater model installed
+- One set of access panel fasteners and gaskets for each unit configuration
+
```datasheet
−label: Spare Parts at Substantial Completion
+label: Spare Parts Furnished
type: checkbox
options:
− - "Spare filters — one full set per installed unit"
− - "Spare fan motor — one per motor size and type"
− - "Spare control valve actuator — one per valve size"
− - "Spare DDC controller — one per controller model"
− - "Spare condensate float switch — one per model"
− - "Spare zone temperature sensor — quantity 5% of installed sensors"
−default: "Spare filters — one full set per installed unit"
+ - "One complete set of filters of every size and rating"
+ - "Two complete sets of filters of every size and rating"
+ - "One fan motor of each size and type"
+ - "One control valve actuator for each actuator model"
+ - "One zone controller for each controller model furnished by the unit manufacturer"
+ - "One water-level detection device of each model"
+ - "One condensate pump of each model"
+ - "Zone sensors or thermostats equal to five percent of the installed quantity"
+ - "One primary and one secondary thermal cutout for each heater model"
+ - "One set of access panel fasteners and gaskets for each configuration"
+default:
+ - "One complete set of filters of every size and rating"
+ - "One fan motor of each size and type"
+ - "One control valve actuator for each actuator model"
+ - "One water-level detection device of each model"
+constraint: all_of
```
−## Spare parts shall be delivered to the Owner in the manufacturer's original packaging, each part tagged with the unit model number, part number, and date of delivery.
+## Fan-coil units are direct-drive, so no drive belts are furnished as spares, and the fan motor is the spare that keeps a room in service while a failed motor is on order. {note}
−## The O&M manual shall include a spare-parts inventory list with manufacturer part numbers and reorder information so that additional spares can be procured during the building's service life.
+## Spare parts shall be delivered in the manufacturer's original packaging, each tagged with the model number, the unit tags it serves, and the date of delivery.
+
+## Spare parts shall be turned over at a storage location the Owner designates, and the transfer shall be documented in the closeout submittal.
+
+## The operation and maintenance manual shall include a spare parts inventory listing the manufacturer part number and reorder information for every component of the units furnished, and a filter change schedule derived from the initial and change-out resistances stated in the submittal.