Packaged Pump and Lift Stations
Remade for neutrality: every choice explained, project facts as parameters, scope boundaries linked both ways
Showing changes from Rev 2
to Rev 3
in Packaged Pump and Lift Stations.
---
title: Packaged Pump and Lift Stations
category: Plumbing
−toc_depth: 3
description: >
− When to use: Factory-assembled, skid-mounted or precast-basin pump station
− assemblies that lift raw sewage, screened effluent, or stormwater where gravity
− outfall is unavailable on commercial, institutional, light-industrial, and
− multi-family sites. Covers the complete packaged unit — wet well basin,
− submersible or dry-pit pumps, discharge piping, valve vault, level controls,
− NEMA 4X control panel with duty/standby logic, alarms, ventilation, and the
− standby-power interface — in simplex, duplex, and triplex/quadruplex
− configurations, for new construction and lift-station replacement, from the
− influent gravity connection to the force main discharge point.
− Not intended for: single-building sump, sewage-ejector, and grinder pumps with
− integral basins (use [[sync/sump-and-sewage-pumps]]); site gravity sewers,
− manholes, laterals, and the force main pipe itself (use
− [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]]); upstream storm piping, inlets, and detention
− (use [[sync/storm-drainage]]); potable pressure-boosting skids (use
− [[sync/domestic-water-booster-pumps]]); fire pumps (use [[sync/fire-pumps]]);
− HVAC hydronic pumps (use [[sync/hvac-pumps]]); and municipal treatment-plant
− process pumping and public right-of-way mains governed by the AHJ.
+ When to use: Factory-assembled pump and lift stations on the site that lift raw sanitary sewage, screened or settled effluent, or stormwater to a site sewer, a force main, or an outfall where gravity flow is not available, on commercial, institutional, industrial, campus, and multi-family sites. Covers the wet well basin and its anti-flotation and traffic provisions, the pumps and motors in wet well submersible, wet well and dry well, and above-grade suction-lift arrangements, the guide rail removal system, the station discharge piping, check and isolation valves and the valve vault, level control and its backup devices, the control panel with its alternation, protection, alarm, and telemetry provisions, wet well ventilation and odor control, the standby power interface at the station, factory and field testing, installation of the package in the prepared excavation, warranty, and spare parts, from the influent connection at the basin wall to the discharge connection at the station limit.
+ Not intended for: A sump, sewage ejector, grinder, or effluent pump with its basin inside or immediately adjacent to a building that lifts into the building drainage system, whatever its size (see [[sync/sump-and-sewage-pumps]]); the site gravity sewers that feed the station and the sewage force main beyond the station discharge connection (see [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]]); the storm sewers, inlets, and detention facilities upstream of a stormwater station and the storm force main or outfall beyond its discharge connection (see [[sync/storm-drainage]] and [[sync/stormwater-management-systems]]); excavation, sump pumping during construction, and backfill of the station pit above the pipe zone (see [[sync/earthwork]] and [[sync/excavation-support-and-dewatering]]); potable water pressure-boosting systems (see [[sync/domestic-water-booster-pumps]]); fire pumps (see [[sync/fire-pumps]]); hydronic circulating pumps (see [[sync/hvac-pumps]]); the engine-generator set, the automatic transfer switch, and the system-level design of standby power (see [[sync/generators]], [[sync/automatic-transfer-switches]], and [[sync/emergency-and-standby-power]]); the feeder, raceways, and conductors to the control panel line terminals (see [[sync/conductors-and-cables]] and [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]]); and wastewater treatment plant process pumping.
---
# Scope {toc}
−## This standard governs the procurement, specification, factory assembly, and field installation of packaged pump and lift station assemblies that lift wastewater or stormwater where gravity outfall is not available or is cost-prohibitive. {note}
+## Boundary of Work {toc}
−## A packaged station is a factory-assembled unit furnished as a complete, pre-engineered package. {note}
+### This standard governs a packaged pump or lift station as a unit of supply: the basin, the pumps and their motors, the removal system, the discharge piping and valves inside the station limit, the level devices, the control panel, the ventilation and odor provisions, and the standby power interface at the station, furnished as one coordinated package. {note}
−## The package comprises the wet well basin, pumps, internal discharge piping, guide-rail removal system, valve vault, level controls, control panel, ventilation provisions, and the connection points to the influent gravity sewer and the discharge force main. {note}
+### The station begins at the influent connection on the basin wall and ends at the discharge connection at the station limit, which is the downstream flange of the valve vault where one is furnished and the discharge flange at the basin wall where valves are in the basin. {note}
−## The scope of this standard begins at the influent gravity sewer connection to the wet well and ends at the force main connection flange at the station discharge. {note}
+### The boundary with [[sync/sump-and-sewage-pumps]] is drawn by function and location, not by size: a basin pump inside or immediately adjacent to a building that lifts into the building drainage system belongs there, and a station on the site that lifts to a site sewer, a force main, or an outfall belongs here. {note}
−## The force main pipe, fittings, thrust restraint, and discharge-end reconnection are site-utility work; this standard governs the packaged equipment assembly and its two connection points only. {note}
+### Work outside this boundary is governed by the standards named below, and this standard defers to them rather than restating their requirements: {note}
−## This standard applies to the following service types, each of which changes pump selection, basin material, and hazardous-area treatment. {note}
+- The site gravity sewers that feed the station and the sewage force main beyond the discharge connection, including its material, thrust restraint, air release valves, and discharge manhole, under [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]]
+- The storm sewers and inlets upstream of a stormwater station under [[sync/storm-drainage]], and the detention or treatment facility it discharges to under [[sync/stormwater-management-systems]]
+- Excavation of the station pit, construction groundwater control, and backfill above the pipe zone under [[sync/earthwork]], and any engineered excavation support or designed dewatering system under [[sync/excavation-support-and-dewatering]]
+- The engine-generator set under [[sync/generators]], the automatic transfer switch under [[sync/automatic-transfer-switches]], and the system-level classification, source selection, and transfer scheme under [[sync/emergency-and-standby-power]]
+- The feeder, raceways, and conductors from the distribution equipment to the control panel line terminals under [[sync/conductors-and-cables]] and [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]], and the grounding electrode system under [[sync/grounding-and-bonding]]
+- The supervisory system that receives the station's signals under [[sync/building-automation-system]] or [[sync/scada-and-hmi-systems]]
−- Raw (unscreened) sanitary sewage, including domestic and commingled light-industrial waste.
−- Screened or settled effluent downstream of a building treatment or interceptor unit.
−- Stormwater and surface drainage where gravity discharge is unavailable.
+### The bedding beneath the basin, the anti-flotation ballast, and the pipe zone of the station's own influent stub and discharge piping within the station limit are within this standard; [[sync/earthwork]] resumes above the pipe zone and supplies the backfill class and compaction target for the area in which the station falls. {note}
−## Stormwater stations carry no sewage gas and are therefore not classified under NFPA 820; all other sizing, control, ventilation-airflow, and testing requirements of this standard still apply to them. {note}
+### The design flow, the total dynamic head, the number of pumps, the wet well dimensions, and the force main size are established by the civil engineer of record in the hydraulic calculations and recorded on the civil drawings; this standard defers each of those values to the drawings and does not select them. {note}
−## The following work is excluded from this standard and is governed elsewhere. {note}
+## Utility Ownership {toc}
−- Single-building sump pumps, sewage ejectors, and integral-basin grinder pumps: [[sync/sump-and-sewage-pumps]].
−- Site gravity sewer mains, manholes, service laterals, and the force main pipe external to the station: [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]].
−- Upstream storm drainage piping, catch basins, inlets, and detention facilities: [[sync/storm-drainage]].
−- Potable-water pressure-boosting pump skids: [[sync/domestic-water-booster-pumps]].
−- Fire pump assemblies and fire-protection water supply: [[sync/fire-pumps]].
−- HVAC chilled-water, condenser-water, and hydronic circulating pumps: [[sync/hvac-pumps]].
−- Municipal wastewater treatment-plant process equipment and public right-of-way sewer extensions and force mains, which follow AHJ municipal design standards.
+### Where the station will be dedicated to a public utility for ownership and operation, the utility's design standards, approved product lists, and acceptance procedures shall govern over the selections in this standard wherever they differ.
−## Station Configuration {toc}
+### The ownership disposition of the station shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### The packaged station configuration shall be selected to match the design flow and the redundancy required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
−
−### Configuration is the first decision because it cascades into basin size, panel logic, and the standby-power interface. A simplex station has no redundancy and is limited to small, low-consequence service; duplex (one duty, one standby, alternating) is the default for commercial and institutional service; triplex and larger stations serve campus and industrial flows with lead/lag/standby logic. {note}
−
−### Station configuration shall be as selected below.
−
```datasheet
−label: Station configuration
+label: Station Ownership After Acceptance
type: radio
options:
− - Simplex (single pump, no standby) — small commercial / residential only
− - Duplex (duty/standby, alternating)
− - Triplex (lead/lag/standby)
− - Quadruplex (multi-pump campus / industrial)
−default: Duplex (duty/standby, alternating)
+ - "Privately owned and maintained by the Owner"
+ - "To be dedicated to the public utility"
+drawing_ref: "the civil general notes and the utility agreement"
+default: deferred
```
−### Stations serving more than a single building shall be duplex or larger so that the station retains pumping capacity with one pump out of service.
+### Where the station will be dedicated, the Contractor shall obtain the utility's written approval of the station submittal before fabrication, and shall schedule the utility's inspections and witness tests as hold points in the station work.
−### Simplex stations shall not be used where an overflow or backup would discharge sewage to an occupied building, a watercourse, or a public way.
+### A utility that will own the station for decades has standardized its pumps, its control panels, and its hatch patterns so one crew can maintain every station in its system, and a package that meets this standard but not that list is rejected at the dedication inspection after it is in the ground. {note}
−### Pump type shall be selected for the service and solids loading of the station.
−
−```datasheet
−label: Pump type
−type: radio
−options:
− - Submersible solids-handling (non-clog) centrifugal
− - Submersible vortex (recessed) impeller
− - Submersible grinder
− - Dry-pit / vertical non-clog centrifugal
−default: Submersible solids-handling (non-clog) centrifugal
−```
−
−### Submersible pumps in a packaged basin are the default for site lift stations; dry-pit configurations shall be used only where the design head, flow, or maintenance requirements justify the larger above-grade structure.
−
# Referenced Standards {toc}
…2 unchanged lines
## Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
−## The 10 States Standards are a recommended-practice design reference adopted by many state environmental agencies as de facto AHJ criteria; they are cited here for firm-capacity, wet-well-volume, cycle-time, and velocity design rules, not as a code. {note}
−
| Standard | Title |
|----------|-------|
−| ANSI/HI 9.8-2018 | Rotodynamic Pumps for Pump Intake Design |
−| ANSI/HI 1.1-1.2 | Rotodynamic (Centrifugal) Pumps — Nomenclature and Definitions |
−| ANSI/HI 1.3 | Rotodynamic (Centrifugal) Pumps for Design and Application |
−| ANSI/HI 1.4 | Rotodynamic (Centrifugal) Pumps for Installation, Operation, and Maintenance |
−| ANSI/HI 11.6 | Rotodynamic Submersible Pumps — Hydraulic, Hydrostatic, Mechanical, and Electrical Acceptance Tests |
+| ANSI/HI 1.1-1.2 | Rotodynamic Centrifugal Pumps for Nomenclature and Definitions |
+| ANSI/HI 1.3 | Rotodynamic Centrifugal Pumps for Design and Application |
+| ANSI/HI 1.4 | Rotodynamic Centrifugal Pumps for Manuals Describing Installation, Operation, and Maintenance |
+| ANSI/HI 9.6.1 | Rotodynamic Pumps Guideline for NPSH Margin |
+| ANSI/HI 9.6.3 | Rotodynamic Pumps Guideline for Operating Regions |
+| ANSI/HI 9.8 | Rotodynamic Pumps for Pump Intake Design |
+| ANSI/HI 11.6 | Rotodynamic Submersible Pumps for Hydraulic Performance, Hydrostatic Pressure, Mechanical, and Electrical Acceptance Tests |
+| ANSI/HI 14.6 | Rotodynamic Pumps for Hydraulic Performance Acceptance Tests |
| NFPA 820 | Standard for Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities |
−| NFPA 70 (NEC) | National Electrical Code (Articles 430, 501, 700/701) |
+| NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code (Articles 430, 500 through 504, 700 through 702) |
| UL 508A | Industrial Control Panels |
+| UL 698A | Industrial Control Panels Relating to Hazardous (Classified) Locations |
| UL 778 | Motor-Operated Water Pumps |
−| ASTM D3753 | Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Manholes and Wet Wells |
−| ASTM C478 | Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections and Tops |
−| ASTM C443 | Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes Using Rubber Gaskets |
−| ASTM F714 | Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter |
−| AASHTO HS-20 (H-20) | Standard Specification for Highway Bridges — H-20 Traffic Loading |
+| UL 1008 | Transfer Switch Equipment |
| NEMA MG 1 | Motors and Generators |
−| IPC Chapter 7 / Section 712 | International Plumbing Code — Sumps and Ejectors |
−| IAPMO/UPC Chapter 7 | Uniform Plumbing Code — Sanitary Drainage Systems |
−| 10 States Standards | Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities (GLUMRB) |
+| NEMA 250 | Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum) |
+| NEMA ICS 2 | Industrial Control and Systems: Controllers, Contactors, and Overload Relays Rated 600 Volts |
+| ASTM D3753 | Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Manholes and Wetwells |
+| ASTM C478 | Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections |
+| ASTM C913 | Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures |
+| ASTM C443 | Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets |
+| ASTM C923 | Resilient Connectors Between Reinforced Concrete Manhole Structures, Pipes, and Laterals |
+| ASTM C990 | Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants |
+| ASTM A240/A240M | Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip |
+| ASTM A312/A312M | Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes |
+| ASTM A536 | Ductile Iron Castings |
+| ASTM D1784 | Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds |
+| ASTM D2321 | Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications |
+| AWWA C110/A21.10 | Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings |
+| AWWA C151/A21.51 | Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast |
+| AWWA C153/A21.53 | Ductile-Iron Compact Fittings |
+| AWWA C508 | Swing-Check Valves for Waterworks Service, 2 In. Through 48 In. |
+| AWWA C509 | Resilient-Seated Gate Valves for Water Supply Service |
+| AWWA C515 | Reduced-Wall, Resilient-Seated Gate Valves for Water Supply Service |
+| AWWA C517 | Resilient-Seated Cast-Iron Eccentric Plug Valves |
+| AASHTO LRFD | LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (Section 3, Loads and Load Factors) |
+| GLUMRB | Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities (Ten States Standards) |
+| 29 CFR 1910.146 | Permit-Required Confined Spaces |
+## The Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities are adopted by regulation or policy in most states as the minimum design criteria for lift stations, and most state and municipal reviewers evaluate firm capacity, cycle time, and emergency storage against them; they are cited here as the design reference the Engineer of Record is held to, not as a product standard. {note}
+
# Submittals {toc}
## Action Submittals {toc}
−### The Contractor shall submit the following action submittals for review before fabrication:
+### The Contractor shall submit the following for review and acceptance before the station is released for fabrication:
−- Product data for pumps, motors, and the control panel, with model designations, performance curves, and listing marks.
−- A station pump curve overlaid on the calculated system head curve, showing the duty point and the firm-capacity operating point with the largest pump out of service.
−- Wet well sizing calculations showing active storage volume, minimum cycle time, and starts per hour for each motor.
−- Shop drawings of the basin, valve vault, piping, guide-rail system, and access hatches, with the NFPA 820 hazardous-area boundaries delineated.
−- A control panel schematic and bill of material showing duty/standby alternation, overload and phase-loss protection, alarm outputs, and SCADA/BAS dry contacts.
−- Electrical one-line diagram including the standby-power interface, transfer means, and conductor and conduit schedule.
+- Product data for the basin, pumps, motors, valves, level devices, hatches, and control panel, identifying the configuration, materials of construction, and listing marks of each
+- Certified pump performance curve for the pump furnished at the design speed, plotted from shutoff to runout, with the station system head curve overlaid and the single-pump duty point, the parallel-operation point, and the firm-capacity point marked
+- Wet well sizing calculation showing the active volume between the pump-off and lead-on levels, the resulting minimum cycle time and starts per hour at the design flow, and the emergency storage volume above the high-level alarm
+- Shop drawings of the basin, valve vault, piping, guide rails, hatches, and vent, with the influent and discharge connections, the level setpoint elevations, and the hazardous location classification boundaries under NFPA 820 shown
+- Anti-flotation calculation for the empty basin at the groundwater condition stated in this standard, with the ballast or anchorage furnished
+- Basin structural calculation for the burial depth, the soil and groundwater loads, and the surface loading at the station location
+- Control panel schematic, panel layout, and bill of material showing the alternation logic, the motor protection, the level device inputs, the alarm and telemetry outputs, and the standby power interface
+- Electrical one-line diagram of the station showing the feeder termination, the transfer means where furnished, and the conductor and raceway schedule
+- Where the station will be dedicated, the utility's written approval of the station submittal
```datasheet
−label: Action submittals required
+label: Action Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - Pump, motor, and panel product data with listing marks
− - Station vs. system head curve with firm-capacity point
− - Wet well sizing / cycle-time calculations
− - Basin, valve vault, and piping shop drawings with NFPA 820 zones
− - Control panel schematic and bill of material
− - Electrical one-line with standby-power interface
+ - "Product data with materials and listing marks"
+ - "Certified pump curve with system curve and firm-capacity point"
+ - "Wet well sizing and cycle time calculation"
+ - "Basin, vault, piping, and hatch shop drawings with NFPA 820 boundaries"
+ - "Anti-flotation calculation"
+ - "Basin structural calculation"
+ - "Control panel schematic, layout, and bill of material"
+ - "Station electrical one-line diagram"
+ - "Utility approval of the station submittal"
default:
− - Pump, motor, and panel product data with listing marks
− - Station vs. system head curve with firm-capacity point
− - Wet well sizing / cycle-time calculations
− - Basin, valve vault, and piping shop drawings with NFPA 820 zones
− - Control panel schematic and bill of material
− - Electrical one-line with standby-power interface
+ - "Product data with materials and listing marks"
+ - "Certified pump curve with system curve and firm-capacity point"
+ - "Wet well sizing and cycle time calculation"
+ - "Basin, vault, piping, and hatch shop drawings with NFPA 820 boundaries"
+ - "Anti-flotation calculation"
+ - "Basin structural calculation"
+ - "Control panel schematic, layout, and bill of material"
+ - "Station electrical one-line diagram"
```
−## Informational Submittals {toc}
+### Fabrication shall not begin until the action submittals have been returned marked no exceptions taken or make corrections as noted.
−### The Contractor shall submit the following informational submittals:
+### The curve overlay is the submittal that catches the station that cannot work: a pump selected for the duty point alone can run out past its allowable region when the force main is new and clean, and can fail to reach the firm-capacity point at all when the standby pump is the only one running. {note}
−- Factory test reports per ANSI/HI 11.6, including the hydrostatic basin test and the pump performance test.
−- Manufacturer certification that the control panel is UL 508A listed and that pump motors are UL 778 listed.
−- Hazardous-area classification documentation confirming explosion-proof or intrinsically safe equipment in classified zones.
−- Field acceptance test plan and reporting forms.
+## Closeout Submittals {toc}
+### The Contractor shall submit the following before the station is accepted:
+
+- Factory test reports for the basin hydrostatic test, each pump performance test, and the control panel functional test
+- Operation and maintenance manuals meeting ANSI/HI 1.4 for the pumps, and the manufacturer's manuals for the level devices, the valves, and the control panel
+- Record drawings showing the installed basin elevation, the influent and discharge invert elevations, every level setpoint elevation as set, and the alarm activation level
+- Field acceptance test report recording each test required by this standard, signed by the Contractor and the witnessing party
+- Confined space entry information for the wet well and valve vault, including the classification and the ventilation provided, for the Owner's entry program under 29 CFR 1910.146
+- Warranty documentation for the package, correlated to each pump and panel serial number and to the acceptance date
+- Spare parts inventory identifying each item by manufacturer part number
+- Where the station will be dedicated, the utility's acceptance documentation
+
```datasheet
−label: Informational submittals required
+label: Closeout Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - Factory test reports (ANSI/HI 11.6)
− - UL 508A panel and UL 778 motor certifications
− - NFPA 820 hazardous-area classification documentation
− - Field acceptance test plan
+ - "Factory test reports"
+ - "Operation and maintenance manuals"
+ - "Record drawings with setpoint and alarm elevations"
+ - "Signed field acceptance test report"
+ - "Confined space entry information"
+ - "Warranty documentation by serial number"
+ - "Spare parts inventory"
+ - "Utility acceptance documentation"
default:
− - Factory test reports (ANSI/HI 11.6)
− - UL 508A panel and UL 778 motor certifications
− - NFPA 820 hazardous-area classification documentation
− - Field acceptance test plan
+ - "Factory test reports"
+ - "Operation and maintenance manuals"
+ - "Record drawings with setpoint and alarm elevations"
+ - "Signed field acceptance test report"
+ - "Confined space entry information"
+ - "Warranty documentation by serial number"
+ - "Spare parts inventory"
```
−## Closeout Submittals {toc}
+### The level setpoints shall be recorded on the record drawings as elevations and as depths above the basin floor, measured after the devices are set, not copied from the shop drawings.
−### The Contractor shall submit the following closeout submittals before substantial completion:
+# Quality Assurance {toc}
−- Operation and maintenance manuals for pumps, motors, controls, and the level-sensing system.
−- As-built drawings showing installed elevations, start/stop setpoints, and the alarm activation level.
−- Manufacturer warranty documents for the station, pumps, and control panel.
−- Record of the field acceptance test, signed by the Contractor and witnessed by the Engineer.
+## Single-Source Responsibility {toc}
+### The basin, pumps, removal system, discharge piping, valves, level devices, and control panel shall be furnished as one package by or through a single station manufacturer, who shall be responsible for the coordinated performance of the assembly.
+
+### The station manufacturer shall have produced packaged pump stations of the arrangement furnished for not less than the period indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Closeout submittals required
−type: checkbox
−options:
− - O&M manuals for pumps, motors, and controls
− - As-built drawings with setpoints and alarm level
− - Warranty documents
− - Witnessed field acceptance test record
−default:
− - O&M manuals for pumps, motors, and controls
− - As-built drawings with setpoints and alarm level
− - Warranty documents
− - Witnessed field acceptance test record
+label: Minimum Station Manufacturer Experience
+type: range
+unit: years
+min: 0
+max: 20
+setpoints: [0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20]
+default: 5
```
−# Quality Assurance {toc}
+### The pump manufacturer shall have produced solids-handling pumps of the type and size furnished for not less than five years.
−## The station shall be furnished by a single manufacturer that is responsible for the complete packaged assembly, including the basin, pumps, valve vault, controls, and their coordinated performance.
+### The station manufacturer shall provide a factory-trained representative at the pre-installation conference, at the setting of the basin, and at startup.
−## Single-source responsibility prevents the split-scope failures that occur when basin, pumps, and panel are procured separately and no party owns the interfaces between them. {note}
+### A station bought as a basin from one supplier, pumps from another, and a panel from a third has no party who owns the interfaces, and the interfaces are where stations fail: a level device that the panel cannot read, a discharge elbow that does not match the pump, a hatch that will not clear the guide rails. {note}
−## The pump manufacturer shall have produced submersible wastewater pumps of the specified type and size for not less than five years.
+## Listings and Qualifications {toc}
−## The control panel shall be assembled by a UL 508A listed panel shop and shall bear the UL 508A listing mark.
+### The control panel shall be assembled by a panel shop holding a UL 508A listing and shall bear the UL 508A listing mark.
−## Pump motors shall be UL 778 listed for the service.
+### Where the control panel contains intrinsically safe barriers or associated apparatus serving devices in the classified wet well, the panel shall additionally be listed under UL 698A.
−## Welding on steel structures and steel discharge piping shall be performed by welders qualified under a recognized procedure.
+### Pump motors shall be listed under UL 778 or shall be certified by a nationally recognized testing laboratory for the service.
−## The manufacturer shall hold a pre-installation conference with the installing contractor to coordinate basin setting, anti-flotation, electrical service, and the standby-power interface.
+### Electrical equipment installed within a classified location shall be listed for the class, division, and group of that location under NFPA 70.
−# Environmental and Service Conditions {toc}
+### Welding of stainless steel piping and guide rail brackets shall be performed by welders qualified under a recognized procedure, and welds on wetted stainless steel shall be passivated after fabrication.
−## Hazardous Area Classification {toc}
+## Pre-Installation Conference {toc}
−### Raw sewage and screened effluent wet wells generate hydrogen sulfide and methane and shall be classified and equipped in accordance with NFPA 820. {note}
+### A pre-installation conference shall be held before the station excavation reaches the basin bearing elevation, attended by the Contractor, the site utility subcontractor, the electrical subcontractor, the station manufacturer's representative, the civil engineer of record, the geotechnical engineer of record, and the utility's inspector where the station will be dedicated.
−### The wet well interior and the space within 1 ft of every opening are Class I, Division 1; the space extending 3 ft to 5 ft around openings at grade is Class I, Division 2. This is the single most commonly omitted life-safety requirement in pump station specifications, and omitting it produces field RFIs and rework. {note}
+### The conference agenda shall cover the bearing surface and bedding, groundwater control through backfill, the setting and ballasting sequence, the influent and discharge connections, the hazardous location boundaries and the conduit seals at them, the feeder termination and standby power interface, the level setpoints, and the startup and witness test sequence.
−### All electrical equipment located within the Class I, Division 1 wet well — including level sensors, junction boxes, and conduit — shall be explosion-proof or intrinsically safe and shall be installed with listed conduit seals at the boundary.
+### Minutes of the conference shall be distributed to all attendees and to the Engineer of Record within five business days.
−### Electrical equipment within the Class I, Division 2 zone around openings shall be rated for that classification.
+# Service Conditions {toc}
−### Stormwater wet wells do not generate sewage gas and are not classified under NFPA 820; equipment in stormwater wet wells shall be rated NEMA 6P for submergence but need not be explosion-proof. {note}
+## Station Service {toc}
−### The hazardous-area boundaries shall be shown on the shop drawings and reconciled against the electrical equipment ratings before fabrication.
+### The station service shall be as indicated in the datasheet, and every wetted component shall be selected for that service.
−## Ventilation {toc}
+```datasheet
+label: Station Service
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Raw sanitary sewage"
+ - "Screened or settled effluent"
+ - "Stormwater"
+ - "Combined sewage and stormwater"
+default: "Raw sanitary sewage"
+```
−### Classified wet wells shall be continuously force-ventilated to reduce the extent of the hazardous area and to limit hydrogen sulfide accumulation.
+### Raw sewage carries rags, grit, and grease and generates hydrogen sulfide and methane, so it sets the solids passage, the corrosion protection, and the hazardous location classification; screened or settled effluent from a treatment unit or interceptor carries fewer solids and admits smaller passages and smaller pumps, but still generates gas; stormwater carries grit and debris in large surges, generates no sewer gas, and is unclassified, so its pumps are sized for peak surge rather than for a daily pattern; combined service takes the solids and gas provisions of sewage with the surge capacity of stormwater. {note}
−### Hydrogen sulfide is heavier than air and settles at the wet well floor; exhaust intake must therefore be drawn from the floor level, not the top of the basin.
+### The design flow of a stormwater station is established by the civil engineer of record for [[parameter: design-storm-frequency]], and the pump selection shall deliver that flow at the total dynamic head at the maximum receiving-water level the civil drawings show. {note}
−### Continuous ventilation shall provide not less than 30 air changes per hour, or 6 air changes per hour continuous plus 30 air changes per hour when the space is entered, in accordance with NFPA 820 and the 10 States Standards.
+## Hazardous Location Classification {toc}
−### Ventilation exhaust shall be drawn from the floor level of the wet well.
+### The wet well, the valve vault, the dry well where one is furnished, and the spaces around their openings shall be classified under NFPA 820 for the station service and the ventilation furnished, and the classification boundaries shall be shown on the shop drawings.
+### The wet well classification shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Wet well ventilation rate (continuous)
−type: range
−unit: air changes/hour
−min: 6
−max: 30
−step: 2
−default: 30
+label: Wet Well Hazardous Location Classification
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Class I, Division 1"
+ - "Class I, Division 2"
+ - "Unclassified"
+derived: "the station service and the wet well ventilation mode, classified per NFPA 820"
+default: derived
```
−## Corrosion Protection {toc}
+### A sewage or combined-service wet well is a Class I location under NFPA 820, and whether it is Division 1 or Division 2 follows from the ventilation furnished; a stormwater wet well generates no sewer gas and is unclassified, which is the one condition under which the wet well equipment need not be listed for a hazardous location. {note}
−### Raw sewage wet wells generate hydrogen sulfide that attacks concrete and steel; the wet well interior shall be protected against sulfide corrosion.
+### All electrical equipment, wiring methods, level devices, and junction boxes within a classified location shall be listed and installed for that classification under NFPA 70 Articles 500 through 504.
−### Unlined concrete wet wells in raw sewage service deteriorate within five to ten years. Fiberglass and HDPE basins are inherently resistant; concrete basins require a protective lining. {note}
+### Conduit seals shall be installed at every boundary where a raceway leaves a classified location, including the raceway from the wet well to the control panel and from the wet well to the valve vault.
−### Concrete wet wells in sewage or effluent service shall be lined with a 100% solids epoxy or polyurea coating applied to the manufacturer's specified thickness.
+### The control panel shall be located outside every classified location, and the Contractor shall report any location shown for the panel that falls inside the Division 2 envelope around a hatch or vent before the panel is set.
−### Wet well interior coating shall be selected as below.
+### The classification is the single most often omitted requirement in a pump station specification, and omitting it produces the station that is built with ordinary motors, ordinary junction boxes, and no conduit seals, then found at the final inspection by an electrical inspector who reads NFPA 820 even though the designer did not. {note}
+## Site Conditions {toc}
+
+### The basin shall resist flotation when empty with the groundwater at [[parameter: seasonal-high-groundwater-elevation]], as required in the basin article of this standard.
+
+### Piping in the valve vault and the vault drain shall be protected against freezing where the vault lid lies above [[parameter: frost-depth]], by insulation of the lid, by a heat-traced drain, or by both.
+
+### The control panel heater provision shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Concrete wet well interior protection
+label: Control Panel Heater
type: radio
options:
− - 100% solids epoxy lining
− - Polyurea lining
− - HDPE / PVC liner sheet
− - Not applicable (fiberglass or HDPE basin)
−default: 100% solids epoxy lining
+ - "Thermostatically controlled heater with condensation control"
+ - "Not provided"
+derived: "[[parameter: site-ambient-temperature-minimum]] at the panel location"
+default: derived
```
−# Wet Well and Basin {toc}
+### A panel heater does two jobs, keeping the enclosure interior above freezing and above the dew point; condensation inside an outdoor panel corrodes terminals and trips ground fault protection long before the temperature falls far enough to freeze anything. {note}
−## Basin Material {toc}
+### Pump motors and the control panel shall be rated for continuous operation at [[parameter: site-ambient-temperature-maximum]] with the enclosure in direct sun, and the panel manufacturer shall confirm the enclosure interior temperature at that condition does not exceed the rating of any component inside it.
−### The wet well basin material shall be selected for the service, depth, groundwater condition, and traffic loading of the installation.
+### Where the station is at [[parameter: altitude]] above 3,300 ft, the pump manufacturer shall confirm the net positive suction head available for a dry-pit or suction-lift arrangement at the corrected atmospheric pressure, and the motor manufacturer shall confirm the motor rating at that altitude.
−### Fiberglass (ASTM D3753) is the most common packaged-unit basin and resists sulfide corrosion inherently. HDPE (ASTM F714) suits high-groundwater sites. Precast concrete (ASTM C478) suits large-diameter wet wells but requires a protective lining in sewage service. {note}
+### Above-grade equipment, the control panel, and the valve vault piping shall be anchored for [[parameter: seismic-design-category]], and the anchorage shall be shown on the shop drawings.
−### Basin material shall be as selected below.
+# Station Configuration {toc}
+## Station Arrangement {toc}
+
+### The station arrangement shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Wet well basin material
+label: Station Arrangement
type: radio
options:
− - Fiberglass (FRP) per ASTM D3753
− - HDPE per ASTM F714
− - Precast concrete per ASTM C478
−default: Fiberglass (FRP) per ASTM D3753
+ - "Wet well with submersible pumps"
+ - "Wet well and dry well with dry-pit pumps"
+ - "Wet well with above-grade suction-lift pumps"
+default: "Wet well with submersible pumps"
```
−### Precast concrete basin joints shall use rubber gaskets conforming to ASTM C443.
+### A submersible station puts the pump in the sewage and leaves nothing above grade but the hatch, the vent, and the panel, so it is the smallest footprint, the lowest first cost, and the arrangement nearly every packaged station takes; its cost is that every pump inspection is a pump lift. A wet well and dry well arrangement keeps the pump and motor in a dry room beside the wet well where they can be inspected and serviced in place, at the cost of a second structure that must itself be ventilated, drained, and classified. A suction-lift station mounts self-priming pumps above grade over the wet well, so the pumps are serviced standing up without a lift or an entry; its limits are the static suction lift the pump can reprime against, which falls with [[parameter: altitude]] and with warm sewage, and a station that cannot reprime is a station that is off. {note}
−### The basin diameter shall be sized to house the selected pumps, guide rails, and level controls with the clearances required by ANSI/HI 9.8-2018.
+### Where the suction-lift arrangement is selected, the static suction lift from the pump-off level to the pump centerline shall not exceed the pump manufacturer's published repriming lift for the pump furnished, corrected for [[parameter: altitude]].
+## Number of Pumps and Firm Capacity {toc}
+
+### The number of pumps in the station shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Wet well basin inside diameter
+label: Number of Pumps
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Simplex, one pump"
+ - "Duplex, two pumps"
+ - "Triplex, three pumps"
+ - "Quadruplex, four pumps"
+drawing_ref: "the lift station schedule on the civil drawings"
+default: deferred
+```
+
+### The station shall provide firm capacity: with the largest pump out of service, the remaining pump or pumps shall deliver the design peak flow at the total dynamic head.
+
+### A simplex station shall not be furnished for sanitary or combined service unless the Contract Documents direct it and the Authority Having Jurisdiction has accepted a simplex station for that location.
+
+### Firm capacity is the rule the reviewing agency applies first, and it is why a duplex station is sized so that one pump carries the peak flow alone: the second pump is the standby, not half the capacity. A triplex or quadruplex station with lead, lag, and standby staging is sized the same way, with the largest pump out, and buys the ability to follow a flow that varies widely across the day without short-cycling the pumps at the low end. {note}
+
+### Where two or more pumps can run together, the pump selection shall show the operating point with all duty pumps running against the system curve, and each pump shall be non-overloading at that point and at single-pump runout.
+
+## Design Duty {toc}
+
+### Each pump shall be selected to deliver the design flow at the design total dynamic head indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Design Flow per Pump
+type: range
+unit: gpm
+drawing_ref: "the lift station schedule on the civil drawings"
+min: 10
+max: 10000
+setpoints: [10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7500, 10000]
+default: deferred
+```
+
+```datasheet
+label: Design Total Dynamic Head
+type: range
+unit: ft
+drawing_ref: "the lift station hydraulic calculations and force main profile"
+min: 10
+max: 300
+setpoints: [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300]
+default: deferred
+```
+
+### The design operating point shall fall within the allowable operating region of the pump furnished, determined per ANSI/HI 9.6.3, and the selection report shall state the design flow as a percentage of the flow at best efficiency.
+
+### The system head curve used for the selection shall be prepared for both the new force main and the force main at the end of its service life, and the pump shall remain within its allowable operating region on both.
+
+### A force main's friction loss rises as the pipe wall roughens and grease and slime accumulate, so a pump selected on the clean-pipe curve alone runs out when the main is new and climbs up its curve toward shutoff as the main ages; the two-curve selection is what keeps the pump inside its region across the life of the main. {note}
+
+## Wet Well Volume and Cycle Time {toc}
+
+### The active volume of the wet well between the pump-off level and the lead-on level shall be sized so that no pump starts more often than the limit indicated in the datasheet at any inflow.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Maximum Pump Starts per Hour
+type: range
+unit: starts per hour
+min: 2
+max: 15
+setpoints: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15]
+derived: "the motor manufacturer's published starts-per-hour limit for the motor furnished"
+default: derived
+```
+
+### The starts-per-hour limit is a motor property: each start heats the winding far more than a minute of running does, and a large motor needs more time between starts to shed that heat than a small one. The minimum active volume for one pump is the pump rate multiplied by the minimum cycle time and divided by four, and the worst case occurs when the inflow equals half the pump rate, not at the design flow. {note}
+
+### The wet well shall provide emergency storage above the high-level alarm, below the lowest influent invert, for not less than the time indicated in the datasheet at the average daily flow.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Emergency Storage Above the High-Level Alarm
+type: range
+unit: hours
+min: 0
+max: 24
+setpoints: [0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24]
+```
+
+### Emergency storage is the time an operator has between the alarm and an overflow, and the right number depends on the standby power interface selected in this standard: a station with an automatic transfer switch and a permanent generator rides through a power outage without using it, a station with a portable generator receptacle needs enough storage for a crew to arrive with the generator, and a station with no standby power needs enough storage to cover the longest outage the Owner will tolerate. Many utilities and state reviewers set a minimum in hours at average flow, and the datasheet value is checked against that minimum where the station will be dedicated. {note}
+
+### Where the wet well cannot provide the emergency storage indicated, the deficit shall be made up by storage in the upstream gravity sewer below the lowest connected building drain, documented in the sizing calculation, or the Contractor shall report the condition to the Engineer of Record before fabrication.
+
+# Wet Well Basin {toc}
+
+## Basin Material {toc}
+
+### The wet well basin shall be of the material indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Wet Well Basin Material
type: select
+options:
+ - "Fiberglass-reinforced polyester"
+ - "Precast reinforced concrete"
+ - "Polymer concrete"
+ - "Polyethylene"
+ - "Coated welded steel"
+default: "Fiberglass-reinforced polyester"
+```
+
+### Fiberglass-reinforced polyester basins shall conform to ASTM D3753, with the wall laminate designed for the burial depth and the groundwater condition and an anti-flotation flange molded integrally where the anti-flotation method requires one.
+
+### Precast reinforced concrete basins shall conform to ASTM C478 for circular sections and ASTM C913 for other shapes, with joints sealed per ASTM C443 or ASTM C990 and pipe penetrations through resilient connectors per ASTM C923.
+
+### Polymer concrete basins shall be cast of a resin-bound aggregate without portland cement, and the manufacturer shall certify the resin's resistance to sulfuric acid at the concentrations that form in a sewage wet well.
+
+### Polyethylene basins shall be rotationally molded or fabricated of a resin the manufacturer certifies for buried wastewater service, with molded or welded flanges for anchorage, and shall be limited to the burial depth and diameter the manufacturer publishes for the wall thickness furnished.
+
+### Coated welded steel basins shall be fabricated of steel plate with continuous welds, blast-cleaned, and coated inside and out with a coating system the manufacturer certifies for immersion in wastewater, and shall be furnished with the cathodic protection or dielectric isolation the soil condition requires.
+
+### Fiberglass is immune to sulfide attack, arrives as one piece with the flanges, brackets, and penetrations already in it, and is the basin nearly every packaged station is built on; it is limited in diameter and depth by the laminate the manufacturer can build, and it must be ballasted against flotation because it weighs almost nothing. Precast concrete reaches the large diameters and depths fiberglass cannot, and its own mass resists flotation, but it is attacked by the sulfuric acid that forms above the waterline in sewage service and needs a lining there. Polymer concrete carries the mass and stiffness of concrete with the acid resistance of a resin, at a higher price and from fewer suppliers. Polyethylene is the lightest and least expensive basin for small shallow stations and the one with the lowest burial depth limit. Coated steel is used where a shape no molded or cast basin offers is needed, and its life is the life of its coating. {note}
+
+## Concrete Basin Interior Protection {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where a precast reinforced concrete basin is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The interior protection of a concrete basin shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Concrete Basin Interior Protection
+type: select
+options:
+ - "100 percent solids epoxy lining"
+ - "Polyurethane or polyurea lining"
+ - "Embedded thermoplastic liner sheet cast into the concrete"
+ - "Calcium aluminate mortar lining"
+ - "No lining"
+```
+
+### Where a lining is furnished in sanitary or combined service, it shall cover the interior from the basin floor to the underside of the top slab and the underside of the top slab itself, and shall be holiday-tested before the basin is shipped.
+
+### Sulfuric acid forms where hydrogen sulfide meets the moist concrete above the waterline, so the attack is worst at the top of the basin and the underside of the slab, not in the sewage; an unlined concrete wet well in raw sewage service loses its surface within a few years and its reinforcement cover within a decade. A sprayed epoxy or polyurethane lining is the common protection and depends on surface preparation and thickness; an embedded liner sheet is anchored into the concrete at the plant and cannot delaminate, which is what recommends it for large or deep basins; a calcium aluminate mortar resists the acid chemically rather than by sealing it out and is used where a cementitious surface is wanted for repair. No lining is the position for a stormwater basin, where no acid forms. {note}
+
+## Basin Dimensions {toc}
+
+### The wet well inside diameter shall be as indicated in the datasheet, and shall be not less than the diameter needed to house the pumps, the guide rails, the level devices, and the influent connection with the clearances ANSI/HI 9.8 requires between the pump inlets and the basin wall and floor.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Wet Well Inside Diameter
+type: range
unit: in
+drawing_ref: "the lift station plan and section on the civil drawings"
+min: 36
+max: 144
+setpoints: [36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 144]
+default: deferred
+```
+
+### The wet well depth from the top of the basin to the floor shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Wet Well Depth
+type: range
+unit: ft
+drawing_ref: "the lift station plan and section on the civil drawings"
+min: 6
+max: 40
+setpoints: [6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40]
+default: deferred
+```
+
+### The influent connection size, invert elevation, and orientation and the discharge connection size and elevation shall be as indicated on [[drawing: the lift station plan and section on the civil drawings]].
+
+### The basin floor shall be sloped or filleted toward the pump inlets so that no flat area remains in which solids can settle outside the reach of the pump intake.
+
+### A flat-bottomed wet well grows a bank of settled grit and grease in every corner the intake does not sweep, and the bank is what a crew eventually enters the wet well to remove; a benched or filleted floor is the difference between a station that cleans itself on every drawdown and one that does not. {note}
+
+## Loads and Anti-Flotation {toc}
+
+### The basin and its top shall be designed for the burial depth, the lateral soil and groundwater pressure, and the surface loading at the station location, and the design shall be stated in the basin structural calculation.
+
+### The surface load rating of the basin top, cover, and hatches shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Basin Top and Hatch Load Rating
+type: radio
options:
− - "24"
− - "30"
− - "36"
− - "48"
− - "60"
− - "72"
− - "96"
−default: "48"
+ - "Pedestrian loading, 300 psf"
+ - "AASHTO HS-20 vehicular loading"
+derived: "the station location relative to the drives, parking, and fire lanes shown on the civil site plan"
+default: derived
```
−## Anti-Flotation and Structure {toc}
+### A hatch in a lawn needs a pedestrian rating; a hatch that any vehicle can reach, including a vacuum truck backing up to service the station, needs the vehicular rating, and the truck is the load case the lawn location is most often sized without. {note}
−### The basin shall be designed and ballasted to resist flotation under the maximum credible groundwater level with the wet well empty.
+### The basin shall resist uplift when empty, with the groundwater at [[parameter: seasonal-high-groundwater-elevation]], with a factor of safety not less than the value indicated in the datasheet, counting only the dead weight of the basin and its permanent ballast and the soil above the anti-flotation flange or slab.
−### A buried empty basin is buoyant; a flotation collar, anti-flotation ballast, or structural anchorage sized to the local water table prevents the basin from lifting out of the ground. {note}
+```datasheet
+label: Anti-Flotation Factor of Safety
+type: range
+min: 1.0
+max: 2.0
+setpoints: [1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0]
+```
−### The basin and its top slab shall be designed for the burial depth and surcharge loads of the installation.
+### The anti-flotation method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Where the station is located in a paved area, a driveway, or any area where vehicle access is possible, all basin top slabs, covers, and access hatches shall be rated for AASHTO H-20 traffic loading.
+```datasheet
+label: Anti-Flotation Method
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Concrete ballast collar poured around an integral basin flange"
+ - "Extended precast base slab with the basin anchored to it"
+ - "Mass concrete ballast beneath the basin"
+ - "Basin dead weight alone"
+```
−### Standard fiberglass basins are not H-20 rated by default; the traffic-rated cover and reinforced basin shall be specified explicitly where required.
+### A factor of safety near 1.0 counts every pound of ballast exactly and leaves nothing for a groundwater level above the one assumed or a basin that is emptied for cleaning in a wet season; the higher values are what reviewers and utilities ask for where the water table is at grade. The ballast collar is the method fiberglass and polyethylene basins are molded for and it is poured in the excavation around the flange; an extended base slab suits a precast concrete basin, where the slab is cast with the first riser; mass concrete beneath the basin works where the excavation is already over-excavated for a soft bottom; dead weight alone is only a position for a heavy concrete basin on a site where the water table never reaches the basin floor. {note}
+### Ballast concrete shall be placed with the basin held at its design elevation and plumb, and shall reach the strength the manufacturer requires before the basin is backfilled above the flange or the groundwater control is discontinued.
+
+### The weight of the soil above the flange shall be counted only where the backfill will be placed and compacted over the full flange width, and shall not be counted where the flange is within a paved area whose base course will be excavated during the life of the station.
+
+## Access Hatches {toc}
+
+### Each hatch shall be sized so that each pump can be removed on its guide rails, with its discharge elbow clearance and its lifting chain, without a worker entering the wet well.
+
+### The hatch material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Cover and top slab traffic rating
+label: Hatch Material
type: radio
options:
− - Pedestrian / non-traffic
− - AASHTO H-20 traffic-rated
−default: AASHTO H-20 traffic-rated
+ - "Aluminum with stainless steel hardware"
+ - "Type 316 stainless steel"
+ - "Fiberglass-reinforced composite"
+default: "Aluminum with stainless steel hardware"
```
−## Access hatches shall be sized to allow removal of each pump on its guide rail without entering the wet well.
+### Aluminum is the common hatch, light enough to lift by hand and resistant to the wet well air, and it needs a bituminous coating where it bears on concrete; stainless steel is the choice where the hatch is in a traffic area that will be struck or where the utility standardizes on it; a composite hatch does not conduct and cannot be stolen for scrap, and it carries a lower impact rating than metal at the same load rating. {note}
−## Access hatches over a classified wet well shall be gasketed and lockable and shall be coordinated with the hazardous-area boundary.
+### Hatches shall be furnished with a hinged cover, a hold-open arm that locks in the open position, a lift handle, a recessed padlock hasp, and a fall-through grating or safety net below the cover.
−## Hatch material shall be aluminum or stainless steel selected for the corrosive wet well environment.
+### Hatches over a classified wet well shall be gasketed so that the cover seals against the frame, and the hatch frame shall be set in a bead of sealant on the basin top.
−# Pumps and Hydraulic Design {toc}
+### Hatch locations shall be coordinated with the Division 2 envelope around them so that the control panel, the generator receptacle, and the vent are outside it.
−## Firm Capacity {toc}
+# Pumps and Motors {toc}
−### The station shall provide firm pumping capacity: with the largest pump out of service, the remaining pump or pumps shall convey the design peak hourly flow.
+## Pump Hydraulic Type {toc}
−### This is the governing rule of the 10 States Standards and of most state AHJs. A station sized only at total installed capacity, without checking firm capacity, will be rejected at permit review or redesigned after bid. {note}
+### The pump impeller type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Pumps shall be selected so that the firm-capacity operating point falls within the manufacturer's allowable operating region on the pump curve.
+```datasheet
+label: Pump Impeller Type
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Non-clog solids-handling channel impeller"
+ - "Vortex recessed impeller"
+ - "Grinder"
+ - "Chopper"
+default: "Non-clog solids-handling channel impeller"
+```
−### The design peak flow shall be established for the station.
+### A channel impeller passes a large solid at the best efficiency of the four types and is the impeller nearly every sewage lift station runs; it clogs on stringy material when the passage is small relative to the rag load. A vortex impeller sits out of the flow path so the solid passes through the volute without touching the vane, and it tolerates stringy and abrasive material better at an efficiency ten to twenty points lower. A grinder macerates the solids to a slurry so the discharge can be a small-diameter pipe, which is what a low-pressure sewer needs and what a large-flow station cannot afford in energy. A chopper cuts rather than grinds, with cutters at the impeller eye, and is used where the rag load has defeated a channel impeller and a grinder is too small. {note}
+### Non-grinder pumps in sanitary or combined service shall pass a spherical solid not smaller than the diameter indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Design peak flow
+label: Minimum Spherical Solids Passage
type: range
−unit: gpm
−min: 20
−max: 2000
−step: 10
−default: 250
−drawing_ref: true
+unit: in
+min: 2
+max: 4
+setpoints: [2, 2.5, 3, 4]
+default: 3
```
−### The total dynamic head shall be established from the static lift plus the friction losses of the discharge piping and force main.
+### A 3 in. spherical passage is the sewage benchmark that most state criteria and most utilities require; a smaller passage is admitted for screened or settled effluent and for small stations where no 3 in. pump exists at the duty, and a larger passage is specified where the station receives unscreened flow from a large tributary area. {note}
+### Pumps shall be rated for continuous operation in the station service and shall not depend on submergence for motor cooling at the pump-off level unless the manufacturer certifies the motor for that condition.
+
+### The pump casing, impeller, and wear rings shall be of the materials indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Total dynamic head (TDH)
−type: range
−unit: ft
−min: 15
−max: 200
−step: 5
−default: 50
−drawing_ref: true
+label: Pump Casing and Impeller Material
+type: radio
+options:
+ - "Cast iron casing and cast iron impeller"
+ - "Cast iron casing and ductile iron impeller"
+ - "Cast iron casing and hardened stainless steel impeller"
+ - "Stainless steel casing and impeller"
+default: "Cast iron casing and cast iron impeller"
```
−## Solids Handling {toc}
+### Cast iron throughout is the sewage pump as sold and holds up in domestic sewage for the life of the pump; a ductile or hardened stainless impeller resists the abrasion of grit-laden stormwater and combined flow and the cutting duty of a chopper; a stainless casing and impeller are specified where the wastewater is corrosive, as with an industrial contributor or a brackish infiltration, and cost several times the iron pump. {note}
−### Pumps in raw sewage service shall pass solids without clogging, and non-grinder pumps shall provide a minimum spherical solids passage of 3 in. {note}
+## Submersible Pump Construction {toc}
−### A 3 in spherical free passage is the municipal sewage benchmark for non-clog and vortex pumps. Grinder pumps macerate solids instead and are used for low-flow pressure-sewer service where a small-diameter force main is required. {note}
+### Requirements in this article apply where the wet well with submersible pumps arrangement is selected in the datasheet.
−### Pump free-passage or grinder capability shall be as selected for the service.
+### Each submersible pump shall be furnished with a permanently installed discharge elbow at the basin floor, a sliding bracket on the pump, and guide rails, so the pump seats on the elbow by its own weight and is removed and reinstalled without bolting and without a worker entering the wet well.
+### The guide rail material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Solids-handling capability
+label: Guide Rail and Bracket Material
type: radio
options:
− - Non-clog, 3 in minimum spherical solids passage
− - Vortex (recessed) impeller, full solids passage
− - Grinder (maceration) for pressure-sewer service
− - Stormwater non-clog (debris passage)
−default: Non-clog, 3 in minimum spherical solids passage
+ - "Type 304 stainless steel"
+ - "Type 316 stainless steel"
+ - "Hot-dip galvanized steel"
+default: "Type 304 stainless steel"
```
−## Wet Well Volume and Cycling {toc}
+### Type 304 is the rail most packaged stations ship with and lasts in domestic sewage; Type 316 is specified where chlorides are present, from brackish infiltration, road salt in combined flow, or an industrial contributor; galvanized steel is the lowest first cost and the one whose coating the wet well air consumes within a few years. {note}
−### The active wet well volume shall be sized to limit pump starts so that motors are not damaged by short cycling.
+### Each pump shall be furnished with a lifting chain or cable of stainless steel, sized for the pump weight with a factor of safety the manufacturer publishes, long enough to reach the hatch with the pump seated, and secured at the hatch frame.
−### Excessive cycling overheats motors and fails seals prematurely. The active storage between the pump-on and pump-off levels sets the minimum cycle time. The 10 States Standards limit starts to about 6 per hour for motors above 10 HP and about 12 per hour for smaller motors. The active volume in gallons is approximately V = Q / (4 N), where Q is the single-pump flow in gpm and N is the maximum starts per hour for one pump. {note}
+### Each submersible motor shall be furnished with a moisture sensor in the seal chamber and thermal sensors in the windings, wired to the control panel, which shall indicate a seal leak and shall stop the pump on winding overtemperature.
−### The active volume shall be calculated for the selected pumps and the maximum allowable starts per hour, and shall be confirmed in the sizing submittal.
+### The power and sensor cables of each pump shall be continuous from the pump to the control panel junction without a splice in the wet well, and shall be of the length the installed distance requires.
−### Maximum allowable starts per hour shall be as selected for the motor size.
+### Submersible pumps shall be furnished with a tandem mechanical seal arrangement with an oil-filled chamber between the seals, and the seal faces shall be silicon carbide or tungsten carbide on the lower seal.
+## Dry-Pit Pump Construction {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where the wet well and dry well arrangement is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The dry-pit pump construction shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Maximum pump starts per hour (per pump)
−type: select
−unit: starts/hour
+label: Dry-Pit Pump Construction
+type: radio
options:
− - "6"
− - "8"
− - "10"
− - "12"
−default: "6"
+ - "Dry-pit submersible pump with immersible motor"
+ - "Vertical close-coupled dry-pit pump"
+ - "Horizontal frame-mounted dry-pit pump"
```
−## Motors {toc}
+### A dry-pit submersible pump keeps running when the dry well floods, which is the failure the dry well arrangement is otherwise most exposed to, and its motor is cooled by a jacket rather than by the room air; a vertical close-coupled pump is the compact dry-well pump with the motor above the volute and nothing to flood until the water reaches the motor; a horizontal frame-mounted pump gives the easiest access to the seal and bearings and takes the most floor area, and is the choice at the larger flows where the pump is maintained in place for decades. {note}
−### Pump motors shall conform to NEMA MG 1 for insulation class, service factor, and enclosure rating, and shall be rated for continuous submerged operation. {note}
+### The dry well shall be furnished with a sump and a sump pump discharging to the wet well, a floor drain to that sump, a dehumidifier or ventilation that holds the room below the dew point of the pump surfaces, and lighting and a fixed access ladder or stair.
−### Motor horsepower shall be established for the duty point.
+### Suction piping from the wet well to each dry-pit pump shall be furnished with an isolation valve at the wet well wall, operable from the dry well, so that a pump can be removed without draining the wet well.
+### Dry-pit pumps shall be set and aligned on a baseplate grouted to a housekeeping pad, and the coupling alignment shall be recorded in the startup report.
+
+## Suction-Lift Pump Construction {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where the wet well with above-grade suction-lift pumps arrangement is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### Suction-lift pumps shall be self-priming solids-handling centrifugal pumps with a priming chamber that retains enough liquid to reprime from the pump-off level without a foot valve.
+
+### Each suction line shall be furnished with its own intake in the wet well, a vacuum gauge connection, and no high point between the intake and the pump, and shall be of the diameter the pump manufacturer publishes for the repriming lift.
+
+### The pumps, valves, and panel shall be housed in a weatherproof above-grade enclosure with a heater holding the enclosure above freezing and with ventilation that keeps the enclosure interior outside the classified envelope of the wet well vent.
+
+### A suction-lift station fails by losing prime, and it loses prime through an air leak in the suction line, a high point that traps air, or a lift the pump cannot overcome on a warm day; the three requirements above are the three ways to prevent it. {note}
+
+## Pump Motors {toc}
+
+### Pump motors shall conform to NEMA MG 1 and shall be rated as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Pump motor horsepower (each)
+label: Motor Nameplate Horsepower per Pump
type: range
−unit: HP
−min: 1
−max: 75
−step: 1
−default: 10
−drawing_ref: true
+unit: hp
+drawing_ref: "the lift station schedule on the civil drawings"
+min: 0.5
+max: 300
+setpoints: [0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300]
+default: deferred
```
−### Motor supply voltage and phase shall be selected for the motor size and the available service.
+```datasheet
+label: Motor Supply Voltage
+type: range
+unit: V
+drawing_ref: "the electrical drawings and panel schedules"
+min: 115
+max: 575
+setpoints: [115, 208, 230, 460, 480, 575]
+default: deferred
+```
```datasheet
−label: Motor voltage and phase
+label: Motor Supply Phase
type: radio
+drawing_ref: "the electrical drawings and panel schedules"
options:
− - 120/240V 1Φ (simplex, up to 2 HP only)
− - 208V 3Φ
− - 240V 3Φ
− - 480V 3Φ
−default: 480V 3Φ
+ - "Single phase, 1Φ"
+ - "Three phase, 3Φ"
+default: deferred
```
−### Single-phase 120/240V supply shall be used only for simplex stations with motors not exceeding 2 HP; motors above 20 HP shall be 480V 3Φ.
+### Motor voltage and phase shall match the feeder serving the station as shown on the electrical documents, and any discrepancy between the civil schedule and the electrical documents shall be resolved before the station is released for fabrication.
−# Discharge Piping and Valve Vault {toc}
+### Single-phase motors shall be furnished only within the horsepower range for which the pump manufacturer offers single-phase construction, and the capacitors and starting relays for a single-phase motor shall be mounted in the control panel, not in the wet well.
−## Each pump discharge shall be provided with a check valve and an isolation valve located in an accessible dry valve vault, not submerged in the wet well.
+### Motors shall be non-overloading across the full published curve of the pump furnished, from shutoff to runout, without relying on the service factor.
−## Submerging valves in the wet well makes them unmaintainable and exposes them to sulfide corrosion and rag fouling. A separate dry valve vault is required so that valves can be inspected and serviced without entering the classified wet well. {note}
+### Motors in a classified wet well shall be listed for the class, division, and group shown on the shop drawings.
−## A check valve shall be installed on each pump discharge to prevent backflow when the pump stops.
+### Motor insulation shall be a 155°C system or higher, and motors driven by a variable frequency drive shall be rated for inverter duty under NEMA MG 1 Part 31.
−## An isolation (shutoff) valve shall be installed downstream of each check valve so that either pump can be isolated while the other remains in service.
+### The runout condition is the one a lift station motor meets most often: a new force main, a second pump that has just dropped out, or a wet well drawn down to the floor all move the pump far to the right of its duty point, and a motor sized to the duty point with the service factor as the margin overloads there. {note}
−## A pressure gauge and a discharge cleanout shall be provided in the valve vault.
+# Discharge Piping and Valves {toc}
−## The valve vault shall be configured as selected.
+## Valve Location {toc}
+### The check valve and isolation valve on each pump discharge shall be located as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Valve vault configuration
+label: Discharge Valve Location
type: radio
options:
− - Integral vault (cast into the basin assembly)
− - Separate adjacent precast vault
−default: Separate adjacent precast vault
+ - "Separate below-grade valve vault"
+ - "Inside the wet well on the discharge piping"
+ - "Above-grade valve enclosure on the discharge piping"
+default: "Separate below-grade valve vault"
```
−## Internal discharge piping and guide-rail components in contact with wastewater shall be of corrosion-resistant material suitable for the service.
+### A separate vault keeps the valves out of the sewage and out of the classified wet well, so a crew can exercise, inspect, and replace a valve from a dry structure without a confined space entry into gas; it is the arrangement nearly every utility requires and it adds a second structure and its penetrations. Valves inside the wet well save the vault on a small station, and every valve inspection then becomes a wet well entry or a pump lift, with the valve working in the sulfide air. An above-grade enclosure puts the valves where they are reached standing up and is the arrangement of a suction-lift station; it needs freeze protection and takes a footprint at grade. {note}
+### Where valves are located inside the wet well, the check valve shall be a type that can be inspected and cleared from the hatch without entering the wet well, and the isolation valve shall be operable from grade through an extension stem.
+
+## Valve Vault Construction {toc}
+
+### Requirements in this article apply where a separate below-grade valve vault is selected in the datasheet.
+
+### The valve vault construction shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Discharge piping and fitting material (wetted)
+label: Valve Vault Construction
type: radio
options:
− - Ductile iron, interior lined
− - 304 stainless steel
− - 316 stainless steel
−default: 316 stainless steel
+ - "Precast reinforced concrete"
+ - "Fiberglass-reinforced polyester"
+ - "Polymer concrete"
+default: "Precast reinforced concrete"
```
−## Force Main Connection {toc}
+### A precast concrete vault is the common vault, is heavy enough to stay put, and does not need a lining because it holds no sewage; a fiberglass vault arrives from the same supplier as a fiberglass basin with the piping penetrations molded in and needs ballast; polymer concrete is used where the vault floor will see sewage from valve maintenance and the Owner wants no lining to maintain. {note}
−### The force main connection shall be a flanged or restrained-joint termination at the station discharge, delivered to the limit of this standard's scope.
+### The valve vault shall be furnished with a hatch sized for valve removal, a floor sloped to a drain, and a drain to the wet well through a trap or a check valve that prevents wet well gas from entering the vault.
−### The discharge force main shall be sized so that the velocity is not less than 2.0 fps at average daily flow for self-cleaning and not more than 10 fps to limit water hammer.
+### The valve vault shall be classified under NFPA 820 for its drain connection and its ventilation, and electrical equipment in it shall be listed for that classification.
−### Velocity must be checked at average daily flow, not only at peak. An oversized force main that cannot reach 2 fps at average flow accumulates solids, grease, and sulfide, causing odor complaints and pipe corrosion. {note}
+### Pipe penetrations through the vault wall shall be sealed with a resilient connector or a link seal, and the piping between the basin and the vault shall be supported so that settlement of either structure does not load the pipe.
−### The force main pipe, fittings, thrust restraint, and discharge-end reconnection are outside this standard and shall be coordinated with [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]]. {note}
+## Station Discharge Piping {toc}
−# Level Controls {toc}
+### The discharge piping from the pump connection to the station limit, and its fittings, shall be of the material indicated in the datasheet.
−## The level-control technology shall be selected for the reliability the service demands, not for lowest first cost.
+```datasheet
+label: Station Discharge Piping Material
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Type 316 stainless steel"
+ - "Type 304 stainless steel"
+ - "Ductile iron, ceramic epoxy lined"
+ - "Ductile iron, cement mortar lined"
+ - "Schedule 80 PVC"
+ - "Hot-dip galvanized steel"
+```
−## Tethered float switches are inexpensive but jam on rags and debris in raw sewage; sealed floats are more reliable; non-contact ultrasonic or radar transducers and bubbler systems are the most reliable and are preferred for municipal-grade duplex service. Specifying "floats or equal" in raw sewage invites the least reliable option. {note}
+### Stainless steel pipe shall conform to ASTM A312 and stainless plate and sheet to ASTM A240, with flanged or grooved joints and no threaded joints larger than 2 in.
−## The level-control type shall be as selected below.
+### Ductile iron pipe shall conform to AWWA C151 and fittings to AWWA C110 or AWWA C153, with flanged joints in the station and the lining and exterior coating selected for wastewater service.
+### PVC pipe and fittings shall be Schedule 80 of a compound conforming to ASTM D1784, solvent welded or flanged, and shall be limited to grinder and small-diameter stations where the pump manufacturer publishes it.
+
+### Stainless steel is the discharge piping most packaged stations ship with, because it is welded to the discharge elbow and guide rail brackets at the factory and resists the wet well air for the life of the station; Type 316 is specified over Type 304 where chlorides are expected. Ductile iron is the piping of larger municipal-style stations, is restrained and jointed like the force main it connects to, and depends on its lining in sewage service; ceramic epoxy resists sulfide attack where cement mortar does not. Schedule 80 PVC is the piping of a small grinder station and is limited by its pressure rating at the sewage temperature and by its brittleness in a wet well that is entered. Galvanized steel is the lowest first cost and the shortest life in sulfide air. {note}
+
+### Each pump discharge shall be furnished with a pressure gauge connection and a cleanout or flushing connection in the valve vault or at the above-grade enclosure.
+
+### Where two or more pump discharges join a common header, the header shall be sized so that the velocity at the all-pumps-running flow does not exceed 8 ft per second, and the junction shall be a wye or a lateral rather than a tee.
+
+## Check and Isolation Valves {toc}
+
+### Each pump discharge shall be furnished with a check valve of the type indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Level control technology
+label: Discharge Check Valve Type
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Swing check with outside lever and weight"
+ - "Swing check with outside lever and spring"
+ - "Ball check"
+ - "Rubber flapper check"
+default: "Swing check with outside lever and weight"
+```
+
+### Swing check valves shall conform to AWWA C508, with a full-port body, a resilient seat, and a disc that opens fully at the single-pump flow.
+
+### A lever-and-weight swing check is the lift station check valve, closes before reverse flow accelerates because the weight starts it closing as the pump slows, and shows its position from across the vault; it slams on a short force main at high head, where the lever-and-spring version closes faster and quieter. A ball check has no hinge to foul and clears itself of solids, and it is the valve of grinder and small stations; it is noisy and it does not indicate position. A rubber flapper check seals on solids that would hold a metal disc open and is the quietest of the four, and it is limited in pressure and in the sizes it is made in. {note}
+
+### Each pump discharge shall be furnished with an isolation valve downstream of the check valve, of the type indicated in the datasheet, so that one pump and its check valve can be removed while the station remains in service.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Discharge Isolation Valve Type
type: radio
options:
− - Submersible pressure transducer
− - Ultrasonic / radar (non-contact) transducer
− - Bubbler system
− - Sealed float switches
− - Tethered float switches (small simplex only)
−default: Submersible pressure transducer
+ - "Eccentric plug valve"
+ - "Resilient-seated gate valve"
+ - "Ball valve"
```
−## A high-water alarm float shall be provided as an independent backup to the primary level-sensing device regardless of the primary technology selected.
+### Eccentric plug valves shall conform to AWWA C517 and resilient-seated gate valves to AWWA C509 or AWWA C515, each with a gear or lever operator and a position indicator.
−## Level sensors located in the classified wet well shall be intrinsically safe and installed with the required conduit seals.
+### An eccentric plug valve seats with the plug lifted out of the flow, so a solid that has settled in the body does not keep it from closing, and it is the wastewater isolation valve most utilities specify; a resilient-seated gate valve is the general waterworks valve, is lower in cost, and seals as long as its seat is not buried in grit; a ball valve is the valve of the small-diameter grinder station where a quarter turn from grade is all that is wanted. {note}
−## Pump start and stop setpoints and the high-water alarm level shall be field-set and recorded on the as-built drawings.
+### Valves in the vault shall be arranged so that each operator and each check valve cover can be reached from the hatch opening or from the vault floor without disconnecting piping.
+## Connection to the Force Main {toc}
+
+### The discharge connection at the station limit shall be a flange or a restrained mechanical joint of the size and at the elevation indicated on [[drawing: the lift station plan and the force main profile]], matched to the force main material at that point.
+
+### The force main beyond the discharge connection, including its material, size, thrust restraint, air release valves, and the discharge manhole, is governed by [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]] for sewage and combined service and by [[sync/storm-drainage]] for stormwater service, and the station manufacturer shall furnish the adapter the transition to that material requires. {note}
+
+### The Contractor shall report to the Engineer of Record any difference between the discharge connection furnished with the package and the force main size or material shown, before either is installed.
+
+# Level Control {toc}
+
+## Primary Level Device {toc}
+
+### The primary level device shall be of the technology indicated in the datasheet and shall provide the pump-off, lead-on, lag-on, and high-level alarm setpoints, with each setpoint field-adjustable without entering the wet well.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Primary Level Control Technology
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Submersible pressure transducer"
+ - "Non-contact ultrasonic transducer"
+ - "Non-contact radar transducer"
+ - "Bubbler with pressure transmitter"
+ - "Sealed mechanical float switches"
+ - "Tethered float switches"
+```
+
+### A continuous device, whether a submersible transducer, an ultrasonic or radar transducer above the liquid, or a bubbler, gives the panel a level signal it can display, trend, and reset setpoints from without a wet well entry, and it is what a station reporting to SCADA needs. The submersible transducer is the least expensive continuous device and the one that fouls, because it sits in the sewage; ultrasonic and radar transducers hang above the liquid and foul only when condensation or foam coats the face, and radar reads through foam and steam where ultrasonic does not; a bubbler keeps every electrical part in the panel and puts only a tube in the wet well, at the cost of a compressor the Owner maintains. Float switches give a discrete contact per setpoint and are the controls of the small station that no one trends; sealed mechanical floats resist the fouling that tethered floats on a cable are known for, and a tethered float is the one device whose cable wraps around a guide rail in a turbulent wet well. {note}
+
+### Level devices and their cables within a classified wet well shall be intrinsically safe through barriers in the control panel, or shall be listed for the classification and installed with sealed raceways.
+
+### A continuous level device shall provide a 4 to 20 mA signal to the panel and shall be mounted so that it can be withdrawn from the hatch for cleaning without entering the wet well.
+
+## Backup Level Devices {toc}
+
+### Independent backup level devices shall be furnished as indicated in the datasheet, each a float switch wired to the panel separately from the primary device.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Backup Level Devices
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - "High-level alarm float"
+ - "Low-level pump cutoff float"
+ - "Backup lead-on float"
+default:
+ - "High-level alarm float"
+ - "Low-level pump cutoff float"
+```
+
+### The high-level alarm float shall activate the alarm and shall start a pump regardless of the state of the primary device, and the low-level cutoff float shall stop every pump regardless of the state of the primary device.
+
+### The primary device is the one that fails, by fouling, drift, or a cable fault, and the floats exist so that the two consequences of its failure, an overflow and a pump run dry, are each caught by a device that shares nothing with it. {note}
+
+### Pump start and stop setpoints, the alarm level, and the float elevations shall be set in the field at the elevations shown on the shop drawings and recorded on the record drawings.
+
# Control Panel {toc}
−## The control panel shall be a UL 508A listed assembly in a NEMA 4X corrosion-resistant enclosure of stainless steel or fiberglass, suitable for outdoor installation. {note}
+## Panel Construction and Enclosure {toc}
−## A NEMA 4X enclosure resists the corrosive, washdown, and weather exposure typical of an exterior station. The panel houses the motor controls, the duty/standby logic, protection devices, and the alarm and telemetry outputs. {note}
+### The control panel shall be a factory-wired assembly listed under UL 508A, containing the motor controllers, the control logic, the level device inputs, the alarm and telemetry outputs, and the standby power interface where the interface is panel-mounted.
−## The panel shall provide automatic duty/standby alternation so that pump run time is equalized across the pumps.
+### The control panel enclosure shall be of the type indicated in the datasheet, rated under NEMA 250.
−## The panel shall provide a hand-off-auto (HOA) selector switch for each pump.
+```datasheet
+label: Control Panel Enclosure Type
+type: select
+options:
+ - "NEMA Type 1"
+ - "NEMA Type 3R"
+ - "NEMA Type 4"
+ - "NEMA Type 4X, stainless steel"
+ - "NEMA Type 4X, fiberglass-reinforced polyester"
+ - "NEMA Type 12"
+default: "NEMA Type 1"
+```
−## The panel shall provide an elapsed-time meter and a run indicator for each pump.
+### Panels installed outdoors shall be rated NEMA Type 3R at minimum.
−## The panel shall provide motor overload and short-circuit protection for each pump in accordance with NEC Article 430.
+### Panels installed outdoors within reach of the wet well vent discharge, or anywhere sewage gas or washdown can reach the enclosure, shall be rated NEMA Type 4X.
−## On three-phase services the panel shall provide phase-loss and phase-reversal protection.
+### Panels installed in a dry well or an above-grade enclosure shall be rated NEMA Type 12 at minimum.
−## The panel shall provide a high-water alarm with an external audible horn and visual beacon.
+### Panels installed in a corrosive or coastal atmosphere shall be rated NEMA Type 4X.
−## The alarm notification path shall be coordinated so that an unattended station alarm reaches an operator; the panel shall provide dry contacts for connection to SCADA, BAS, or an auto-dialer.
+### A Type 1 enclosure is the rating for a dry conditioned interior and is where the field starts; the clauses above raise it for the outdoor, gas-exposed, and corrosive locations a station panel nearly always occupies. Within Type 4X, stainless steel takes impact and ultraviolet exposure without degrading and is the heavier and more expensive of the two, and fiberglass-reinforced polyester does not conduct and does not corrode at a scratch, and it chalks in sunlight unless it is ultraviolet-stabilized. {note}
−## A local horn and light that no one hears at night is not a notification path. The alarm output must be tied to a monitored system. {note}
+### Outdoor panels shall be furnished with a dead-front inner door carrying the operator devices, a drip shield over the outer door, a padlockable outer door latch, and a document pocket.
−## The panel telemetry interface shall be as selected.
+### The panel shall be mounted on a stainless steel or aluminum rack or pedestal set in a concrete pad, with the bottom of the enclosure not less than 24 in. above finished grade, outside every classified location.
+## Motor Control {toc}
+
+### The motor control method for the pumps shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Alarm notification / telemetry interface
+label: Pump Motor Control Method
type: radio
options:
− - Dry contacts to SCADA
− - Dry contacts to building automation system (BAS)
− - Cellular / telephone auto-dialer
− - Local audible/visual alarm only (small simplex)
−default: Dry contacts to SCADA
+ - "Full-voltage across-the-line starters"
+ - "Solid-state soft starters"
+ - "Variable frequency drives"
+default: "Full-voltage across-the-line starters"
```
−## Enclosure rating shall be confirmed for the installation.
+### An across-the-line starter is the starter most stations run and is adequate wherever the utility service tolerates the inrush and the force main tolerates the water hammer of a full-speed start; a soft starter limits both and is specified where the motor is large relative to the service or the force main is long and the check valve slams; a variable frequency drive adds the ability to run the pump at the inflow rate rather than in a start-stop cycle, which cuts starts, smooths the discharge, and lets a single pump follow a varying flow, at the cost of a drive the Owner maintains and a pump that must not be slowed below the speed at which it keeps its solids moving. {note}
+### Variable frequency drives shall conform to [[sync/low-voltage-variable-frequency-drives]], and the minimum speed shall be set so that the velocity in the station discharge piping and the force main at that speed is not less than 2 ft per second.
+
+### Each motor controller shall be furnished with a NEMA ICS 2 rated contactor or starter, an overload relay sized to the motor nameplate, and a circuit breaker or fused disconnect providing short-circuit and ground-fault protection per NFPA 70 Article 430.
+
+### On a three-phase service the panel shall provide phase-loss, phase-reversal, and voltage-unbalance protection that locks out the pumps and signals the alarm.
+
+### Each pump shall be furnished with a hand-off-automatic selector switch, a run indicator, an elapsed time meter, and a seal leak indicator, mounted on the inner door.
+
+## Alternation and Sequencing {toc}
+
+### Where the station has two or more pumps, the panel shall alternate the lead pump on each cycle so that run time is equalized, and shall start the lag pump when the level reaches the lag-on setpoint with the lead pump running.
+
+### Where the station has three or more pumps, the panel shall rotate lead, lag, and standby assignments on each cycle and shall start the standby pump on a failure of the lead or lag pump to run.
+
+### Where a pump is locked out by its overload, its seal leak and overtemperature protection, or its selector switch, the panel shall advance the alternation past it and shall signal the alarm.
+
+### Where the station is restored after a power outage, the panel shall start the pumps in sequence with a time delay between starts so that no two pumps start together on the restored source or on the standby source.
+
+### A staggered restart is what keeps a station from tripping the generator it was just transferred to: the generator was sized for the running load, and two sewage pumps starting together on it demand several times that. {note}
+
+## Alarms and Telemetry {toc}
+
+### The panel shall signal a high-level, a pump failure, a seal leak, a phase failure, and a loss of control power as alarm conditions, and shall annunciate each separately on the panel.
+
+### Alarm notification shall be provided by the paths indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Control panel enclosure rating
+label: Alarm Notification Paths
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - "Local audible horn and visual beacon with silence pushbutton"
+ - "Dry contacts to the building automation system"
+ - "Dry contacts to the supervisory control system"
+ - "Telephone or cellular auto-dialer"
+ - "Cellular telemetry unit reporting level and status"
+default:
+ - "Local audible horn and visual beacon with silence pushbutton"
+```
+
+### The station shall report the high-level and pump failure alarms to a location that is monitored at all hours by at least one remote path selected in the datasheet, unless the Contract Documents direct that the local alarm alone is sufficient for the station.
+
+### A horn and a beacon on a pedestal at the back of a parking lot are a notification path only when someone is there to see them, and a sewage station overflows at night and on weekends; the remote path is what turns the alarm into a response. Dry contacts to a building automation system suit a station on a campus or a facility that already has a monitored system; dry contacts to a supervisory control system suit a station a utility will dedicate; an auto-dialer is the least expensive remote path and calls a list of numbers until one answers; a cellular telemetry unit reports the level and the pump states continuously and is the path where no building system reaches the station. {note}
+
+### Each alarm and status output to a remote system shall be an isolated dry contact or a 4 to 20 mA signal terminated on a labeled terminal strip, and the signal list shall be shown on the panel schematic.
+
+### The alarm circuit shall remain active on loss of the control power source, by a battery-backed alarm circuit or by powering the alarm from the standby source, so that a power outage is itself reported.
+
+## Panel Accessories {toc}
+
+### The panel shall be furnished with the accessories indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Control Panel Accessories
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - "Surge protective device at the panel line terminals"
+ - "Ground fault protected convenience receptacle"
+ - "Interior panel light"
+ - "Pump cycle counters"
+ - "Level indicator on the inner door"
+ - "Intrinsically safe barriers for wet well devices"
+default:
+ - "Surge protective device at the panel line terminals"
+ - "Ground fault protected convenience receptacle"
+ - "Intrinsically safe barriers for wet well devices"
+```
+
+### Surge protective devices shall conform to [[sync/surge-protective-devices]] and shall be mounted at the panel line terminals ahead of the controls.
+
+### A station panel on a pedestal in an open site is the most exposed electrical equipment on the project, at the end of a long feeder and beside a tall vent, and a lightning surge that would do nothing to a panel inside a building takes out the level transmitter and the controller together. {note}
+
+# Ventilation and Odor Control {toc}
+
+## Wet Well Ventilation {toc}
+
+### The wet well ventilation mode shall be as indicated in the datasheet, and the classification shown on the shop drawings shall be the one NFPA 820 assigns for that mode.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Wet Well Ventilation Mode
type: radio
options:
− - NEMA 4X stainless steel
− - NEMA 4X fiberglass
−default: NEMA 4X stainless steel
+ - "Passive vent only"
+ - "Continuous mechanical ventilation"
+ - "Mechanical ventilation operated for entry"
+default: "Passive vent only"
```
−# Standby Power {toc}
+### A passive vent lets the wet well breathe as the level rises and falls and is the ventilation of the unattended packaged station, with the wet well classified as a location that is not ventilated; continuous mechanical ventilation at the rate NFPA 820 tabulates changes the classification of the wet well and the spaces around it and is specified where the station is entered often or where equipment that cannot be listed for Division 1 must be in the wet well, at the cost of a fan that runs always and exhausts odor continuously; ventilation operated for entry serves the confined space entry program rather than the classification and is interlocked to run before and during an entry. {note}
−## Most AHJs require standby power for duplex and larger stations; the standby-power interface shall be specified explicitly to avoid a bid clarification.
+### Where mechanical ventilation is furnished, the exhaust shall be drawn from the lower third of the wet well, the fan shall be listed for the classification of the air it moves, and the fan failure shall be signaled as an alarm.
−## The specification frequently omits whether the station requires a generator receptacle with manual transfer, an automatic transfer switch, or an integral engine-driven generator. The interface, transfer means, and connection details must be coordinated with [[sync/emergency-and-standby-power]]. {note}
+### Hydrogen sulfide is heavier than air and pools at the wet well floor, which is why an exhaust that draws from the top of the basin leaves the gas where a worker entering the basin meets it. {note}
−## The standby-power interface shall be as selected for the station.
+### The passive vent shall be a stack of corrosion-resistant material terminating not less than 12 in. above the highest finished grade within 10 ft, with a screened and gooseneck or mushroom-cap outlet, located outside the Division 2 envelope of the hatch and clear of the panel and of any building air intake.
+### The wet well shall not be vented through the building drainage vent system or into a building.
+
+## Odor Control {toc}
+
+### Odor control at the wet well vent shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Standby power interface
+label: Wet Well Odor Control
+type: select
+options:
+ - "None, open vent stack"
+ - "Passive carbon-media canister on the vent"
+ - "Fan-driven activated carbon adsorber"
+ - "Biofilter"
+ - "Chemical scrubber"
+```
+
+### An open vent is the position for a stormwater station and for a sewage station far from any building, entry, or parking area; a carbon canister on the vent treats the air the wet well breathes out with nothing to power and a media change the Owner schedules, and it is overwhelmed when the wet well is mechanically ventilated; a fan-driven carbon adsorber treats a continuous exhaust and is sized for it; a biofilter treats a continuous exhaust at the lowest operating cost and the largest footprint; a chemical scrubber treats the highest sulfide loads, as from a septic force main discharging to the wet well, and is the one that needs a chemical supply and a trained operator. {note}
+
+### Where a vent with odor control is furnished, the vent shall also provide a path for air to enter the wet well on drawdown without pulling air back through the media.
+
+### Where the station is within 50 ft of a building entry, an operable window, an outdoor air intake, or a public gathering area, and no odor control is selected in the datasheet, the Contractor shall report the condition to the Engineer of Record before the vent is installed.
+
+# Standby Power Interface {toc}
+
+## The standby power interface at the station shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Standby Power Interface
type: radio
options:
− - Generator receptacle with manual transfer switch
− - Automatic transfer switch (permanent generator)
− - Integral engine-driven generator
− - None (overflow storage / AHJ waiver)
−default: Generator receptacle with manual transfer switch
+ - "Portable generator receptacle with manual transfer switch"
+ - "Automatic transfer switch for a permanent generator"
+ - "Engine-generator set mounted on the station package"
+ - "None, emergency storage only"
```
−## Standby-power connection and transfer equipment shall be coordinated with [[sync/emergency-and-standby-power]], and the conductors and raceways shall comply with [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]]. {note}
+## A receptacle with a manual transfer switch is the least expensive interface and depends on a crew bringing a generator within the emergency storage time; an automatic transfer switch serving a permanent generator restores pumping without a crew and is what reviewers require where the station serves more than a small tributary or an overflow would reach a watercourse; a generator mounted on the package arrives wired and tested with the station and takes the footprint and the fuel supply at the station; no standby power is a position only where the emergency storage covers the longest outage the Owner accepts and the Authority Having Jurisdiction has accepted it. {note}
−## The station shall be grounded and bonded in accordance with [[sync/grounding-and-bonding]] and NEC requirements for the classified location.
+## Where a portable generator receptacle is selected, the receptacle, the manual transfer switch listed under UL 1008, the interlock that prevents paralleling the generator with the utility source, and the phase-rotation indication shall be furnished with the control panel under this standard, and the receptacle shall be of the configuration the Owner's portable generator uses.
+## Where an automatic transfer switch is selected, the transfer switch shall conform to [[sync/automatic-transfer-switches]], the engine-generator set to [[sync/generators]], and the load classification and transfer scheme to [[sync/emergency-and-standby-power]].
+
+## Where an engine-generator set is mounted on the package, the set shall conform to [[sync/generators]] and shall be located outside every classified location and clear of the vent discharge.
+
+## The station shall be grounded and bonded in accordance with [[sync/grounding-and-bonding]], with the basin, the hatch frames, the guide rails, the discharge piping, and the panel pedestal bonded to the panel grounding bus.
+
# Testing {toc}
## Factory Testing {toc}
−### The wet well basin shall be hydrostatically tested at the factory at 1.5 times the design head with no leakage before shipment.
+### Each pump shall be performance-tested at the factory per ANSI/HI 11.6 for submersible pumps or ANSI/HI 14.6 for dry-pit and suction-lift pumps, at the design speed, to confirm the design flow and head, and the certified test curve shall be included in the closeout submittals.
−### Each pump shall be performance-tested at the factory per ANSI/HI 11.6 to confirm the specified flow and head at the duty point.
+### Each submersible motor shall be insulation-tested and the seal chamber shall be pressure-tested at the factory, and the results shall be recorded on the test report.
−### The control panel shall receive a factory functional test confirming duty/standby alternation, protection devices, and alarm outputs.
+### The control panel shall receive a factory functional test confirming the alternation, each protective function, each alarm output, and each telemetry output, by simulating the level device inputs.
−### Factory test reports shall be submitted before the station is shipped to the site.
+### The basin shall be hydrostatically tested at the factory per ASTM D3753 where fiberglass, or leak-tested at the plant where precast concrete, before shipment.
+### Factory tests shall be witnessed as indicated in the datasheet.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Factory Tests to Be Witnessed
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - "Pump performance test"
+ - "Control panel functional test"
+ - "Basin hydrostatic test"
+```
+
## Field Acceptance Testing {toc}
−### After installation, the station shall be operationally tested under field conditions to confirm correct control and alarm behavior.
+### After installation and before the station is placed in service, the Contractor shall perform the field tests below in the presence of the Engineer of Record, the station manufacturer's representative, and the utility's inspector where the station will be dedicated, and shall record the results on the field acceptance test report.
−### The field test confirms the start and stop levels, the alternator sequence, the high-water alarm activation level, and the alarm notification path — the items that cannot be verified at the factory because they depend on the installed elevations and the site telemetry connection. {note}
+### The station discharge piping from the pumps to the discharge connection shall be hydrostatically tested at 1.5 times the shutoff head of the pump, held for not less than one hour without visible leakage, before the vault is backfilled.
−### The field test shall confirm the pump start and stop levels at the installed elevations.
+### A drawdown test shall be performed on each pump alone and on each combination of pumps that can run together, timing the drawdown of the wet well between two measured levels with the influent blocked, to confirm the pumping rate against the certified curve.
−### The field test shall confirm duty/standby alternator sequencing across successive cycles.
+### The level setpoints shall be verified by filling the wet well and observing each pump start and stop and the alarm activation at the elevations shown on the shop drawings.
−### The field test shall confirm the high-water alarm activation level and the alarm notification to the monitored system.
+### The alternation shall be verified across not fewer than four consecutive cycles, and the standby start on a simulated lead pump failure shall be verified where the station has three or more pumps.
−### Where a discharge force main is within the station scope, it shall be air-tested at 5 psi for 15 minutes with no loss before commissioning.
+### Each alarm condition shall be simulated and its receipt at the remote monitoring location confirmed by the party receiving it.
−### The field acceptance test shall be witnessed by the Engineer and recorded on the closeout submittal.
+### Where a standby power interface is furnished, the transfer to the standby source and the staggered restart of the pumps shall be verified, with a generator connected.
+### The field tests to be witnessed shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
−label: Field acceptance tests to be witnessed
+label: Field Acceptance Tests to Be Witnessed
type: checkbox
options:
− - Pump start/stop levels at installed elevations
− - Duty/standby alternator sequencing
− - High-water alarm level and notification
− - Force main air test (5 psi, 15 min)
+ - "Discharge piping hydrostatic test"
+ - "Drawdown test, each pump and each combination"
+ - "Level setpoint and alarm activation verification"
+ - "Alternation and standby start verification"
+ - "Alarm receipt at the remote location"
+ - "Standby power transfer and restart"
default:
− - Pump start/stop levels at installed elevations
− - Duty/standby alternator sequencing
− - High-water alarm level and notification
+ - "Drawdown test, each pump and each combination"
+ - "Level setpoint and alarm activation verification"
+ - "Alternation and standby start verification"
+ - "Alarm receipt at the remote location"
```
+### Where any field test fails, the Contractor shall correct the cause and repeat the test, and the cost of the repeated test and of the witnessing parties' attendance shall be borne by the Contractor.
+
+### The drawdown test is the field measurement of what the station actually pumps: a pump that passed its factory test can deliver less in the ground because of a discharge elbow that did not seat, a check valve that did not open fully, or a force main that is longer than the calculation assumed, and the drawdown is the only test that sees all three. {note}
+
# Installation {toc}
−## The station shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, ANSI/HI 1.4, and the approved shop drawings. {note}
+## Excavation and Bearing {toc}
−## Excavation, bedding, backfill, and anti-flotation ballast shall be performed in accordance with [[sync/earthwork]] and the basin manufacturer's burial requirements.
+### Excavation of the station pit, worker protection, and construction groundwater control shall conform to [[sync/earthwork]], and any engineered support or designed dewatering system shall conform to [[sync/excavation-support-and-dewatering]].
−## The basin shall be set plumb on a compacted, level bearing surface and ballasted before backfilling to prevent flotation.
+### The basin shall bear on a bedding course of compacted crushed stone not less than 6 in. thick, placed on a trench bottom the geotechnical engineer of record has observed and released, or on a cast-in-place base slab where the anti-flotation method requires one.
−## Wet well intake geometry, minimum submergence, and floor clearance shall be installed in accordance with ANSI/HI 9.8-2018 to prevent vortexing and air entrainment. {note}
+### Groundwater shall be held below the bedding throughout setting, ballasting, and backfill, and shall not be allowed to recover until the ballast has reached strength and the backfill above the flange or slab is in place.
−## The intake design standard sets the minimum floor clearance (about 0.3 times the pump inlet diameter) and the minimum submergence taken from the pump curve; violating these draws air into the pump and reduces capacity. {note}
+### An empty fiberglass basin in a flooded excavation floats before anyone can react; the groundwater rule exists because the basin that lifted 2 ft during a weekend rain is the one the project then digs out and resets. {note}
−## Pumps shall be installed on the guide-rail system so that each pump seats on its discharge connection by gravity and can be removed without entering the wet well.
+## Setting and Backfill {toc}
−## Electrical raceways and conduit shall be installed per [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]], with conduit seals at every hazardous-area boundary crossing.
+### The basin shall be set plumb and at the elevation shown, with the influent and discharge connections at the orientation shown, and shall be held in position during ballasting and backfill.
−## The influent gravity sewer connection shall be made watertight at the basin penetration, and the connection to the upstream sewer shall be coordinated with [[sync/sanitary-sewer-systems]].
+### The pipe zone of the influent stub and of the station discharge piping within the station limit shall be constructed per ASTM D2321 with the embedment the piping manufacturer requires, and backfill above the pipe zone and around the basin shall conform to [[sync/earthwork]] for the area in which the station falls.
−## After installation the station shall be cleaned of construction debris before the field acceptance test.
+### Backfill around the basin shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 12 in., compacted with equipment that does not bear on the basin wall, and brought up evenly on all sides so that the differential lateral load on the basin does not exceed the manufacturer's limit.
+### Backfill shall not be placed against a fiberglass or polyethylene basin until the ballast concrete has reached the strength the manufacturer requires, and the basin shall be filled with water to the level the manufacturer requires during backfill where the manufacturer's instructions call for it.
+
+### The valve vault shall be set on its own bedding at the elevation shown, and the piping between the basin and the vault shall be installed with the flexibility or the support that prevents differential settlement from loading the penetrations.
+
+## Equipment and Electrical Installation {toc}
+
+### Pumps shall be installed on their guide rails after the basin is backfilled and cleaned, and each pump shall be seated on its discharge elbow and lifted and reseated once in the presence of the manufacturer's representative.
+
+### Raceways from the wet well and valve vault to the control panel shall be installed per [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]], with conduit seals at each classified location boundary and with the raceway sloped away from the panel so that condensation drains to the wet well side of the seal.
+
+### Pump cables shall be supported in the wet well at the hatch frame with a strain relief grip, shall be routed clear of the guide rails and floats, and shall not be spliced in the wet well or the valve vault.
+
+### The feeder, its raceway, and its conductors to the panel line terminals shall be installed under [[sync/conductors-and-cables]] and [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]], and the Contractor shall confirm the feeder voltage and phase at the panel before the pumps are energized.
+
+### The wet well shall be cleaned of construction debris, formwork, and silt before the pumps are installed and again before the field acceptance test.
+
+### The influent gravity sewer shall not be connected to the wet well, and no flow shall be admitted, until the pumps, the level devices, and the panel are installed and the station can be operated in hand mode.
+
# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
−## The packaged station shall be delivered with pumps, controls, and accessories protected from damage and from the weather.
+## The basin shall be lifted only at the lifting points the manufacturer designates, with spreader bars where the manufacturer requires them, and shall not be dragged, rolled, or dropped.
−## The basin shall be handled and lifted only at the manufacturer's designated lifting points.
+## The basin shall be stored on a level surface on the dunnage it shipped with, protected from impact, and a fiberglass or polyethylene basin shall be protected from sunlight where it will be stored longer than 30 days.
−## The control panel shall be stored indoors or under weather protection and shall be kept dry until it is mounted and energized.
+## Pumps shall be stored upright on their shipping pallets under cover, and the pump cables shall be coiled and their ends sealed against moisture until termination.
−## Pumps and motors shall be stored upright and protected from contamination until installation.
+## The control panel shall be stored indoors in a dry space and shall not be set on its pedestal until the pedestal is complete and the panel can be closed and locked.
+## Valves shall be stored with the ports sealed and the operators protected, and shall not be stored on the ground.
+
# Warranty {toc}
−## The manufacturer shall warrant the complete packaged station against defects in materials and workmanship for not less than one year from the date of substantial completion.
+## The station manufacturer shall warrant the complete package against defects in materials and workmanship for not less than the period indicated in the datasheet, from the date of acceptance.
−## The pump and motor warranty period shall be as selected for the procurement.
−
```datasheet
−label: Pump and motor warranty period
−type: radio
−options:
− - 1 year
− - 2 years
− - 3 years
− - 5 years
−default: 2 years
+label: Station Warranty Period
+type: range
+unit: years
+min: 1
+max: 5
+setpoints: [1, 2, 3, 5]
+default: 1
```
−## The warranty shall cover the coordinated performance of the assembly under single-source responsibility, not the individual components in isolation.
+## One year from acceptance is the warranty the package ships with and the one most projects carry; a longer term is bought on the pumps and panel where the utility that will own the station requires it or where the Owner has no maintenance staff and wants the manufacturer's service for the first years, and it is priced into the package rather than added after award. {note}
−# Spare Parts {toc}
+## The warranty shall cover the coordinated performance of the assembly, including the pumps, the panel, the level devices, and the basin, and shall not be limited to the individual components in isolation.
−## The manufacturer shall furnish the spare parts and special tools needed to maintain the station through the warranty period.
+## A warranty repair shall include removal and reinstallation of the pump or device, and the warranty on a replaced pump or panel component shall run for the remainder of the original term or for one year from the repair, whichever is longer.
−## Spare parts to be furnished shall be as selected below.
+## The Contractor shall warrant the installation, including the setting, ballasting, backfill, and piping connections, for the same period.
+# Spare Parts {toc}
+
+## The station manufacturer shall furnish the spare parts indicated in the datasheet, delivered with the closeout submittals and identified by manufacturer part number.
+
```datasheet
−label: Spare parts to furnish
+label: Spare Parts Furnished
type: checkbox
options:
− - One spare seal kit per pump model
− - One set of spare level floats / sensor
− - Spare control panel fuses and pilot devices
− - One spare check valve flapper / disc
− - Guide-rail lifting chain or cable
+ - "One mechanical seal kit per pump model"
+ - "One set of wear rings per pump model"
+ - "One spare primary level device"
+ - "One spare float switch of each type furnished"
+ - "One set of control panel fuses and pilot lamps"
+ - "One spare check valve disc or ball"
+ - "One complete spare pump"
default:
− - One spare seal kit per pump model
− - One set of spare level floats / sensor
− - Spare control panel fuses and pilot devices
+ - "One mechanical seal kit per pump model"
+ - "One spare float switch of each type furnished"
+ - "One set of control panel fuses and pilot lamps"
```
−## A complete spare pump shall be furnished where the AHJ requires on-site redundancy beyond the installed standby pump.
+## A complete spare pump shall be furnished where the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the utility that will own the station requires one in addition to the installed standby pump.
+
+## The station manufacturer shall commit in writing that replacement parts for the pump model furnished will remain available for not less than ten years from the date of manufacture.