+---
+title: Dampproofing
+category: Building Envelope
+toc_depth: 3
+description: >
+ When to use: moisture-resistant coatings and treatments on below-grade
+ concrete and masonry foundation walls, retaining walls enclosing interior
+ space, and slabs-on-grade where a groundwater investigation confirms no
+ hydrostatic pressure (IRC R406; IBC Section 1805.2). Covers bituminous
+ (hot-applied asphalt, cold-applied emulsion, fibrous asphalt), cementitious
+ (acrylic-modified cement, surface-bonding mortar), and under-slab polyethylene
+ dampproofing, plus masonry parging, form-tie patching, protection board, and
+ extent of application from top of footing to finished grade.
+ Not intended for: full membrane systems where hydrostatic pressure exists
+ (sync/below-grade-waterproofing, sync/fluid-applied-waterproofing); drainage
+ composites, drain tile, and footing drains (sync/foundation-drainage);
+ above-grade wall vapor control layers (sync/vapor-retarders); integral
+ crystalline waterproofing admixtures (sync/below-grade-waterproofing); and
+ roof or above-grade flashing systems.
+---
+
+# Scope {toc}
+
+## This standard covers the materials, surface preparation, and application of dampproofing on below-grade foundation walls, retaining walls enclosing interior space, and slabs-on-grade where the groundwater investigation confirms no hydrostatic pressure. {note}
+
+## Dampproofing resists the capillary movement and vapor transmission of soil moisture; it is not a pressure-resistant barrier. {note}
+
+### Dampproofing and waterproofing are different systems selected on a single threshold: the presence or absence of hydrostatic pressure. {note}
+
+### Dampproofing is a moisture-resistant treatment that slows the wicking and vapor diffusion of soil moisture through a foundation. It is applied at low film thickness, is not designed to bridge cracks, and is not designed to hold back standing water. Waterproofing, by contrast, is a continuous, crack-bridging, pressure-resistant membrane required wherever a head of water can stand against the structure. The International Building Code makes this distinction the governing decision: IBC Section 1805.2 permits dampproofing only where the groundwater investigation required by Section 1803.5.4 establishes that a hydrostatic condition does not exist. Where seasonal high groundwater can reach the structure, dampproofing is not permitted and a waterproofing system per [[sync/below-grade-waterproofing]] or [[sync/fluid-applied-waterproofing]] is required instead. {note}
+
+### Dampproofing shall be applied only where a groundwater investigation conforming to IBC Section 1803.5.4 confirms that hydrostatic pressure does not act on the structure.
+
+### The 80% application this standard addresses is a residential or light-commercial basement or crawl-space foundation wall on free-draining soil, with a footing drain, treated with cold-applied asphalt emulsion over poured concrete and a 6 mil polyethylene vapor retarder beneath the slab. {note}
+
+## Dampproofing always works as part of a moisture-management assembly, not in isolation. {note}
+
+### The dampproofing coating, the granular backfill, and the foundation drainage system are interdependent; specifying one without the others undersupports the assembly. {note}
+
+### A dampproofing coating relieves capillary moisture but cannot survive a continuously saturated backfill. The coating is paired with free-draining backfill and a footing drain so that water is conducted away from the wall before it can build a head against it. Where backfill is poorly draining, where the water table is uncertain, or where a finished interior space below grade cannot tolerate any moisture, the correct response is to upgrade to waterproofing and a drainage composite, not to add coats of dampproofing. Coordinate the drainage side of this assembly with [[sync/foundation-drainage]]. {note}
+
+## Boundaries of this standard {toc}
+
+### This standard does not cover full membrane waterproofing for hydrostatic conditions, which is specified in [[sync/below-grade-waterproofing]] and [[sync/fluid-applied-waterproofing]]. {note}
+
+### This standard does not cover drainage composites, drain board, drain tile, or footing drains, which are specified in [[sync/foundation-drainage]]. {note}
+
+### This standard does not cover above-grade wall vapor retarders (Class I, II, and III), which are specified in [[sync/vapor-retarders]]. {note}
+
+### This standard does not cover integral crystalline waterproofing admixtures used as pressure-side waterproofing, which are specified in [[sync/below-grade-waterproofing]]. {note}
+
+### This standard does not cover roof dampproofing or above-grade flashing systems, which fall outside the below-grade envelope scope. {note}
+
+# Referenced Standards {toc}
+
+## Materials, surface preparation, and application shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited or unless the adopted building code references a different edition.
+
+## Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
+
+| Standard | Title |
+|----------|-------|
+| IBC Section 1805.2 | International Building Code — Dampproofing |
+| IBC Section 1803.5.4 | International Building Code — Groundwater Table Investigation |
+| IRC Section R406 | International Residential Code — Foundation Waterproofing and Dampproofing |
+| ASTM D449/D449M | Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing |
+| ASTM D1227/D1227M | Emulsified Asphalt Used as a Protective Coating for Roofing |
+| ASTM C887/C887M | Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar |
+| ASTM C920 | Elastomeric Joint Sealants |
+| ASTM E1745 | Plastic Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill under Concrete Slabs |
+| ASTM E1643 | Installation of Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill under Concrete Slabs |
+| ASTM D6135 | Sampling and Acceptance of Asphalt Roofing Products |
+
+# Submittals {toc}
+
+## Action submittals {toc}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following action submittals for review before any dampproofing material is delivered to the site:
+
+- Product data for each dampproofing material, including the asphalt type or cement type, solids content, and the manufacturer's published application rate and coverage.
+- Manufacturer's printed application instructions, including substrate moisture limits, ambient and substrate temperature limits, and recoat or curing intervals.
+- Product data for protection board, drainage mat, or insulation used over the coating, where required.
+- Product data for the under-slab polyethylene vapor retarder, including the ASTM E1745 performance class and nominal thickness.
+- A statement of the wall extent to be treated, identifying the top-of-footing elevation and the finished-grade line, so the full treated height is fixed before work begins.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Action submittals required
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Dampproofing material product data
+ - Manufacturer application instructions
+ - Protection board / drainage mat product data
+ - Under-slab vapor retarder product data and ASTM E1745 class
+ - Statement of treated wall extent (footing to grade)
+default:
+ - Dampproofing material product data
+ - Manufacturer application instructions
+ - Under-slab vapor retarder product data and ASTM E1745 class
+```
+
+## Informational submittals {toc}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following informational submittals:
+
+- The groundwater investigation report, or a reference to the geotechnical report section, confirming that no hydrostatic condition exists per IBC Section 1803.5.4.
+- Material safety / safety data sheets for solvent-based and hot-applied bituminous products.
+- Certification that the delivered materials conform to the referenced ASTM specifications, with ASTM D6135 sampling where the Engineer requires lot verification.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Informational submittals required
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Groundwater investigation / geotechnical confirmation of no hydrostatic condition
+ - Safety data sheets for bituminous products
+ - Material conformance certification
+default:
+ - Groundwater investigation / geotechnical confirmation of no hydrostatic condition
+ - Material conformance certification
+```
+
+## Closeout submittals {toc}
+
+### The Contractor shall submit the following closeout submittals:
+
+- Photographic record of the prepared substrate and the completed coating before backfill, showing the coated extent and the footing-wall cove.
+- Documentation of the protection board or drainage mat installation before backfill, where required.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Closeout submittals required
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - Pre-backfill photographic record of coating and extent
+ - Protection board / drainage mat installation record
+default:
+ - Pre-backfill photographic record of coating and extent
+```
+
+# Quality Assurance {toc}
+
+## The installer shall be experienced in below-grade dampproofing and shall apply each material in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions for the specific substrate and exposure.
+
+### A single dampproofing material and a single manufacturer shall be used for the entire foundation unless the drawings expressly permit a transition.
+
+### The Contractor shall not apply dampproofing over a substrate that has not been inspected and accepted for moisture, temperature, and surface condition.
+
+### Form-tie holes, honeycomb, tie snaps, and surface voids in poured concrete shall be patched and accepted before any dampproofing coating is applied.
+
+### Parging of unit masonry shall be inspected and accepted before the dampproofing coating is applied over it.
+
+## Mock-ups and field verification {toc}
+
+### Where the project includes more than 2,000 sq ft of dampproofed wall, the Contractor should apply a mock-up panel of not less than 100 sq ft demonstrating the coating, the application rate, and the footing cove for the Engineer's acceptance before general application.
+
+### The dry-film or wet-film coverage of the applied coating shall be verified against the manufacturer's published application rate at intervals agreed with the Engineer.
+
+# Environmental and Service Conditions {toc}
+
+## Dampproofing materials and their application are sensitive to substrate moisture, ambient temperature, and the aggressiveness of the backfill; these conditions shall be confirmed before application.
+
+### Cold-applied asphalt emulsions and cementitious coatings shall not be applied to a frozen, frost-bound, or visibly wet substrate.
+
+### Most cold-applied asphalt emulsions and water-based coatings require a clean, dry, frost-free substrate and an ambient and substrate temperature above approximately 4 °C (40 °F) and rising, so that the emulsion can break and cure. Applying these products to a wet or frozen wall is the leading cause of adhesion failure and the contractor disputes that follow. Hot-applied asphalt tolerates cooler substrates but introduces its own hazards from the application temperature near 93 °C (200 °F). Confirm the manufacturer's limits and the expected site conditions before selecting the material. {note}
+
+### The minimum substrate and ambient application temperature shall be as specified, and not lower than the manufacturer's published limit.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Minimum substrate / ambient temperature at application
+type: range
+unit: °C
+min: 0
+max: 15
+step: 1
+default: 4
+```
+
+### The substrate shall be free of standing water, frost, and visible surface moisture at the time of application.
+
+### Concrete shall be cured for the period specified before dampproofing is applied, and not less than the manufacturer's published minimum cure.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Minimum concrete cure before dampproofing
+type: select
+unit: days
+options:
+ - "3"
+ - "7"
+ - "14"
+ - "28"
+default: "7"
+```
+
+### The aggressiveness of the soil and backfill shall be confirmed; where sulfates or other aggressive constituents are present, the coating shall be a type compatible with that exposure.
+
+# Material Selection {toc}
+
+## The dampproofing material is selected from three families — bituminous, cementitious, and under-slab polyethylene — based on the substrate, the exposure, and whether the surface is vertical or horizontal. {note}
+
+### Bituminous dampproofing comprises hot-applied asphalt, cold-applied asphalt emulsion, and fibrous (mineral-reinforced) asphalt; these are the common treatments for vertical foundation walls. {note}
+
+### Cementitious dampproofing comprises acrylic-modified cement slurry and surface-bonding mortar; these are favored on unit masonry and where a paintable, non-bituminous surface is wanted. {note}
+
+### Polyethylene sheet dampproofing is used horizontally beneath slabs-on-grade as an under-slab vapor retarder; it is not a wall coating. {note}
+
+### The dampproofing material family shall be as specified for each surface.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Dampproofing material family (walls)
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Cold-applied asphalt emulsion
+ - Hot-applied asphalt (ASTM D449 Type C)
+ - Fibrous asphalt coating
+ - Acrylic-modified cement slurry
+ - Surface-bonding mortar (ASTM C887)
+default: Cold-applied asphalt emulsion
+```
+
+## Bituminous dampproofing {toc}
+
+### Hot-applied asphalt for vertical wall dampproofing shall conform to ASTM D449 Type C (steep asphalt).
+
+### ASTM D449 classifies dampproofing asphalt by softening point and flow. Type A (dead-level) and Type B (flat) are formulated for horizontal and low-slope surfaces and will sag or flow on a wall. Type C (steep asphalt), with a softening point of approximately 85 °C to 96 °C (185 °F to 205 °F), is the correct selection for vertical foundation walls because it holds a film on a vertical face without running. Specifying Type A on a wall — a common error — produces a coating that slumps and thins as it warms. {note}
+
+### Hot-applied asphalt for vertical surfaces shall be ASTM D449 Type C; Type A and Type B shall not be used on vertical walls.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Hot-applied asphalt type (ASTM D449)
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Type C (steep) — vertical walls
+ - Type B (flat) — low-slope horizontal
+ - Type A (dead-level) — horizontal
+default: Type C (steep) — vertical walls
+```
+
+### Cold-applied asphalt emulsion shall conform to ASTM D1227 and shall be applied at the manufacturer's published coverage rate per coat.
+
+### The number of coats of bituminous coating shall be as specified; a two-coat system shall be used for more severe soil moisture exposure.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Number of bituminous coats
+type: radio
+options:
+ - One coat
+ - Two coats
+default: One coat
+```
+
+### The cold-applied emulsion coverage rate per coat shall be as specified and not less than the manufacturer's published minimum.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Cold-applied emulsion coverage rate (per coat)
+type: range
+unit: sq ft/gal
+min: 50
+max: 200
+step: 10
+default: 100
+```
+
+### Fibrous asphalt coating shall be applied by trowel or heavy brush at the manufacturer's published rate.
+
+### The fibrous asphalt application rate shall be as specified and not leaner than approximately 1 gal per 50 sq ft.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Fibrous asphalt application rate
+type: range
+unit: sq ft/gal
+min: 25
+max: 75
+step: 5
+default: 50
+```
+
+## Cementitious dampproofing {toc}
+
+### Acrylic-modified cement slurry shall be applied at not less than 3 lb per sq yd, in one or two coats by brush or spray, as specified.
+
+### The acrylic-modified cement family — sometimes called a cementitious coating or a polymer-modified slurry — is an IBC-recognized dampproofing material for masonry. IBC Section 1805.2 cites an application of 3 lb per sq yd (about 1.63 kg/m²) as the reference rate. It is favored where a non-bituminous, paintable, light-colored surface is wanted on the interior or exterior, and it bonds well to a properly prepared masonry or concrete face. It is not a crack-bridging membrane and is not a substitute for waterproofing. {note}
+
+### Acrylic-modified cement slurry shall be applied at not less than 3 lb per sq yd over the full treated area.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Acrylic-modified cement application rate
+type: range
+unit: lb/sq yd
+min: 2
+max: 6
+step: 0.5
+default: 3
+```
+
+### Surface-bonding mortar used as dampproofing shall conform to ASTM C887 and shall be trowel-applied in a single coat of nominal 3 mm (1/8 in.) thickness to both faces of dry-stacked masonry, or to the exterior face where the wall is conventionally laid.
+
+### Surface-bonding mortar shall be applied at the nominal thickness specified and not less than 3 mm (1/8 in.).
+
+```datasheet
+label: Surface-bonding mortar coat thickness
+type: range
+unit: mm
+min: 3
+max: 6
+step: 1
+default: 3
+```
+
+## Under-slab polyethylene {toc}
+
+### Under-slab polyethylene shall conform to ASTM E1745 and shall be not less than 6 mil (0.15 mm) thick, with the performance class as specified.
+
+### IBC Section 1805.2.3 and IRC R406 permit a minimum 6 mil polyethylene sheet beneath slabs-on-grade as the floor dampproofing element. ASTM E1745 grades these sheets into Classes A, B, and C by tensile strength and puncture resistance; the 6 mil residential default corresponds to the lowest class, while commercial slabs and slabs receiving moisture-sensitive flooring are commonly specified at 10 mil or 15 mil (Class A) for greater durability during placement. The sheet is installed in direct contact with the prepared base course, with joints lapped not less than 152 mm (6 in.) and sealed per ASTM E1643. {note}
+
+### Under-slab polyethylene shall be not less than 6 mil (0.15 mm) thick.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Under-slab polyethylene thickness
+type: select
+unit: mil
+options:
+ - "6"
+ - "10"
+ - "15"
+default: "6"
+```
+
+### The under-slab vapor retarder performance class shall be as specified.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Under-slab vapor retarder class (ASTM E1745)
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Class C
+ - Class B
+ - Class A
+default: Class C
+```
+
+### Joints in the under-slab polyethylene shall be lapped not less than 152 mm (6 in.) and sealed in accordance with ASTM E1643.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Under-slab polyethylene minimum joint lap
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 6
+max: 12
+step: 1
+default: 6
+```
+
+# Extent of Application {toc}
+
+## The treated extent shall run continuously from the top of the footing to the finished-grade line on the exterior face of every wall enclosing interior space below grade; the height shall be fixed on the drawings, not left to the contractor.
+
+## The single most common dampproofing RFI is "how high does the coating go?" The answer is fixed by the relationship between the top-of-footing elevation and the finished-grade line: dampproofing covers the full earth-retaining height of the wall on its exterior face, from the top of the footing up to grade, plus a cove treatment at the footing-wall junction. Showing both elevations on the foundation drawing removes the ambiguity. Where a wall encloses interior space, the full earth-retained height is treated; where a wall is a crawl-space stem only, the extent still runs footing to grade but the interior treatment may differ. {note}
+
+### Dampproofing shall extend from the top of the footing to the finished-grade line on the exterior earth face of each below-grade wall.
+
+### A cove or fillet of compatible material shall be formed at the footing-wall junction so the coating turns the inside corner without a discontinuity.
+
+### The top-of-footing elevation and the finished-grade line that fix the treated height shall be as indicated on the drawings.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Treated wall extent
+type: radio
+options:
+ - Top of footing to finished grade (full earth-retained height)
+ - Top of footing to underside of slab (crawl-space stem)
+ - Full wall height (footing to top of wall)
+default: Top of footing to finished grade (full earth-retained height)
+drawing_ref: "foundation section — top-of-footing elevation and grade line"
+```
+
+### Where the interior face of a wall enclosing finished space requires treatment, the interior extent shall be as indicated on the drawings.
+
+### The location and routing of the treated extent — which walls, which faces, and the grade line itself — are coordination items that can never be reduced to a catalog value, so they are fixed on the drawings rather than in a datasheet field. See [[drawing: foundation plan and sections — walls and faces to be dampproofed]]. {note}
+
+# Surface Preparation {toc}
+
+## Surface preparation is where most dampproofing failures begin: an unpatched form-tie hole or an unparged masonry face is a direct moisture path that no thickness of coating will close. {note}
+
+## Poured concrete walls {toc}
+
+### Form-tie holes, snap-tie pockets, honeycomb, and surface voids shall be filled and struck flush before any dampproofing coating is applied.
+
+### IBC Section 1805.2.2 requires that the concrete surface be prepared and that tie holes be sealed before dampproofing. A snapped form tie leaves a through-wall void on the line of least resistance for moisture; coating over it merely hides it. Fill tie holes and voids with a compatible bituminous patching material or an approved non-shrink or cementitious patch, struck flush, and allow the patch to cure before coating. {note}
+
+### Form-tie holes and pockets shall be filled with a bituminous patching material or an approved sealant or patch compatible with the dampproofing coating.
+
+### Fins, projections, and form offsets shall be removed and the surface left reasonably smooth and free of laitance, form-release agent, and loose material.
+
+### Patched areas shall be cured before the dampproofing coating is applied over them.
+
+## Unit masonry walls {toc}
+
+### Unit masonry shall receive a Portland cement parge coat not less than 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) thick, coved at the footing, before the dampproofing coating is applied.
+
+### A concrete masonry face is a field of mortar joints and open block voids; a thin coating cannot bridge that texture. IBC Section 1805.2.1 and IRC R406.1 therefore require unit masonry to be parged with not less than a 3/8 in. Portland cement mortar coat, coved at the footing, and then dampproofed. Parging is a surface-preparation step that belongs to this work unless the drawings assign it to the masonry trade; omitting it and coating bare block is a non-compliant, leak-prone shortcut. Where parging is performed by the masonry trade, coordinate the responsibility on the drawings so it is neither duplicated nor dropped. {note}
+
+### The parge coat shall be Portland cement mortar not less than 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) thick.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Masonry parge coat thickness
+type: range
+unit: in
+min: 0.375
+max: 0.75
+step: 0.125
+default: 0.375
+```
+
+### The parge coat shall be coved at the footing-wall junction to form a continuous transition for the coating.
+
+### The parge coat shall be moist-cured and shall cure before the dampproofing coating is applied over it.
+
+### Where surface-bonding mortar conforming to ASTM C887 is used as the dampproofing material, a separate parge coat is not required because the bonding mortar performs the same function. {note}
+
+# Application {toc}
+
+## The coating shall be applied continuously and at the specified rate over the prepared, accepted substrate, and shall be protected from damage until backfill.
+
+### The dampproofing coating shall be applied continuously over the full treated extent, free of pinholes, holidays, voids, and thin spots.
+
+### The coating shall be applied at not less than the specified rate or film thickness, verified against the manufacturer's published coverage.
+
+### Each coat of a multi-coat system shall cure or set for the manufacturer's published interval before the next coat is applied.
+
+### The coating shall be carried into the footing cove and lapped onto the footing top so the wall-footing transition is continuous.
+
+### Cold-applied emulsion and cementitious coatings shall not be applied when rain, freezing temperatures, or condensation is expected before the coating has cured.
+
+### Penetrations through the wall below grade shall be sealed and the coating shall be carried tight to each penetration.
+
+## Joints in precast and panelized foundations {toc}
+
+### Joints between precast concrete foundation panels shall be sealed with an elastomeric joint sealant conforming to ASTM C920, Type S or M, Grade NS, Class 25, Use NT, before dampproofing is applied across the joint.
+
+### Precast panel joints shall be sealed with an ASTM C920 sealant of the class and use specified.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Precast panel joint sealant (ASTM C920)
+type: select
+options:
+ - Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use NT
+ - Type M, Grade NS, Class 25, Use NT
+ - Type M, Grade NS, Class 25, Use M
+default: Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use NT
+```
+
+## Protection of the coating {toc}
+
+### Protection board or a drainage mat shall be installed over the cured coating where the backfill contains aggregate larger than 19 mm (3/4 in.) or where mechanical compaction will occur within about 1.5 m (5 ft) of the wall.
+
+### A dampproofing coating is thin and is easily gouged by angular backfill or torn by a plate compactor working close to the wall. Damage during backfill is one of the leading callback causes for below-grade moisture. A protection course — a rigid protection board, a board of rigid insulation, or a dimpled drainage mat — is installed over the cured coating before backfill to take that abuse. A dimpled drainage mat additionally creates a drainage plane; where a drainage plane is required as part of the moisture-management assembly, coordinate it with [[sync/foundation-drainage]] rather than relying on the protection board alone. {note}
+
+### A protection course shall be installed over the cured coating where required by the backfill or compaction conditions.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Protection course over coating
+type: radio
+options:
+ - None
+ - Rigid protection board
+ - Rigid insulation board (min. 12 mm)
+ - Dimpled drainage mat
+default: Rigid protection board
+```
+
+### The protection course shall be installed only after the coating has cured sufficiently to resist displacement.
+
+### Backfill shall not be placed until the coating, and the protection course where required, have been inspected and accepted.
+
+# Coordination with Foundation Drainage {toc}
+
+## Dampproofing relieves capillary moisture; the footing drain and free-draining backfill relieve the water that would otherwise build a head against the wall. The two are specified and detailed together. {note}
+
+### A footing drain and free-draining backfill conforming to [[sync/foundation-drainage]] shall be provided wherever this dampproofing standard is applied below grade.
+
+### Where the drainage investigation or the soil cannot reliably keep a head of water off the wall, dampproofing shall not be used and a waterproofing system per [[sync/below-grade-waterproofing]] shall be specified instead.
+
+### The dampproofing coating and the drainage composite or drain mat shall be sequenced so neither damages the other during installation and backfill.
+
+# Inspection {toc}
+
+## The completed coating shall be inspected before it is concealed by backfill or slab placement, because no remedy short of excavation is available afterward.
+
+### The Contractor shall request inspection of the completed coating and of the protection course, where required, before any backfill is placed.
+
+### The under-slab polyethylene shall be inspected for continuity, lap, and seal before reinforcement and concrete are placed over it.
+
+### Any holiday, tear, or thin area found at inspection shall be repaired with the same material, lapped onto sound coating, before the work is concealed.
+
+# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
+
+## Bituminous and cementitious dampproofing materials shall be delivered, stored, and handled so they are not contaminated, frozen, or degraded before use.
+
+### Materials shall be delivered in the manufacturer's original, labeled, unopened containers.
+
+### Solvent-based and emulsion materials shall be stored within the manufacturer's temperature range and protected from freezing.
+
+### Polyethylene sheet shall be stored protected from prolonged sunlight and mechanical damage.
+
+### Materials past the manufacturer's shelf-life or showing separation, skinning, or freeze damage shall not be used.
+
+# Warranty {toc}
+
+## Dampproofing is a low-cost, concealed treatment whose warranty is necessarily modest; a long warranty is the signature of waterproofing, not dampproofing. {note}
+
+### The Contractor shall warrant the dampproofing application against defects in materials and workmanship for the period specified.
+
+```datasheet
+label: Workmanship warranty period
+type: select
+unit: years
+options:
+ - "1"
+ - "2"
+ - "5"
+default: "1"
+```
+
+### Where a manufacturer offers a material warranty for the dampproofing product, it shall be transferred to the Owner.
+
+### A warranty against water intrusion under hydrostatic pressure shall not be implied by this work, because dampproofing is not a pressure-resistant system.