Exterior and Site Lighting
Corpus sync: neutrality remakes, note hygiene, datasheet relocation, transformer-split cross-refs
Showing changes from Rev 6
to Rev 7
in Exterior and Site Lighting.
---
title: Exterior and Site Lighting
…92 unchanged lines
- "Surge protective device data"
- "Finish system data"
−default: "Luminaire product data"
+default:
+ - "Luminaire product data"
+ - "LM-79 photometric reports and IES files"
+ - "LM-80 / TM-21 lumen-maintenance data"
+ - "TM-15 BUG ratings"
+ - "Pole structural calculations (signed and sealed)"
+ - "Foundation and anchorage design (signed and sealed)"
+ - "Control system narrative and wiring diagrams"
+ - "Surge protective device data"
+ - "Finish system data"
```
…17 unchanged lines
- "Field test and aiming reports"
- "Warranty documentation (luminaires, drivers, poles, finishes)"
−default: [Operation and maintenance data (luminaires, drivers, controls), As-built site plan (pole locations, heights, circuiting, zones), Field test and aiming reports, Warranty documentation (luminaires, drivers, poles, finishes)]
+default:
+ - "Operation and maintenance data (luminaires, drivers, controls)"
+ - "As-built site plan (pole locations, heights, circuiting, zones)"
+ - "Field test and aiming reports"
+ - "Warranty documentation (luminaires, drivers, poles, finishes)"
```
…36 unchanged lines
## Ambient Temperature Range {toc}
+### The design ambient temperature range at the site shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Design Ambient Temperature Range
type: select
−unit: °C
+unit: '°C'
options:
− - "-20°C to 40°C (temperate)"
− - "-40°C to 40°C (cold climate)"
− - "-20°C to 50°C (hot climate)"
− - "-40°C to 50°C (extreme range)"
−default: "-20°C to 40°C (temperate)"
+ - "−20°C to 40°C (temperate)"
+ - "−40°C to 40°C (cold climate)"
+ - "−20°C to 50°C (hot climate)"
+ - "−40°C to 50°C (extreme range)"
```
### Luminaires shall be rated for the full ambient temperature range at the site.
+### The ambient range is a site climate value the Engineer takes from the project's design weather data, so no range is preselected here. {note}
+
### LED luminaire output, color, and driver life are temperature dependent, and the published lumen-maintenance projection is valid only at or below the case temperature at which it was established. {note}
## Corrosion Exposure {toc}
+### The corrosion exposure classification at the site shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Corrosion Exposure Classification
…4 unchanged lines
- "C4 - High (industrial, de-iced roadway, near-coastal)"
- "C5 - Very High (marine, coastal salt spray, heavy industrial)"
−default: "C3 - Medium (urban, suburban, moderate humidity)"
```
…6 unchanged lines
### Pole supports shall be designed for the site design wind speed, the site ice load, and, where applicable, seismic loading.
−### Design loads shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the structural and civil drawings or determined from the adopted building code and AASHTO LTS-6]].
+### Design loads shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the structural drawings]].
+### Where the drawings do not state them, the design wind speed, ice load, and seismic parameters shall be taken from the adopted building code and AASHTO LTS-6.
+
### The fatigue provisions of AASHTO LTS-6 shall be applied to area and roadway poles.
…2 unchanged lines
# Luminaire Performance and Photometrics {toc}
−## The purpose of an exterior luminaire is to deliver the right amount of light, in the right distribution, to the surface that must be lit — and as little as possible everywhere else.
+## The purpose of an exterior luminaire is to deliver the right amount of light, in the right distribution, to the surface that must be lit — and as little as possible everywhere else. {note}
## The performance requirements below are stated as outcomes so that any compliant manufacturer's product can be selected. {note}
## Luminaire Type {toc}
+### The luminaire type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire Type
…14 unchanged lines
## Light Distribution Type {toc}
+### The IES distribution type, classified per ANSI/IES TM-15, shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Light Distribution Type (IES Type)
…8 unchanged lines
```
−### The IES distribution type, classified per ANSI/IES TM-15, shall be selected to spread light correctly relative to the pole so that fewer poles cover an area uniformly without spilling light off-site; Type III is the workhorse for parking and general area lighting along a perimeter, Type V is used for poles in the center of open areas, and Type II and Type IV control light toward property lines.
+### The distribution type shall be coordinated with the pole spacing and mounting height so that the layout meets the required uniformity without spilling light off-site.
+### Type III is the workhorse for parking and general area lighting along a perimeter, Type V suits poles in the center of open areas, and Type II and Type IV control light toward property lines. {note}
+
## Illuminance and Uniformity Targets {toc}
+### The application and its illuminance target shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Application and Illuminance Target
type: select
unit: fc
−drawing_ref: true
+drawing_ref: "photometric site plan"
options:
- "Parking lot, basic (0.2 fc min)"
…3 unchanged lines
- "Roadway, local (per RP-8 by classification)"
- "Building entrance / canopy (5 fc avg)"
−default: "Parking lot, basic (0.2 fc min)"
+default: deferred
```
…6 unchanged lines
## Maintained Light Output and Lumen Maintenance {toc}
+### The minimum rated lumen maintenance shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Minimum Rated Lumen Maintenance (L70)
…15 unchanged lines
## Correlated Color Temperature {toc}
+### The correlated color temperature shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Correlated Color Temperature (CCT)
−type: radio
+type: range
unit: K
options:
− - "2700 K (warm)"
− - "3000 K (warm-neutral, dark-sky preferred)"
− - "4000 K (neutral)"
−default: "3000 K (warm-neutral, dark-sky preferred)"
+ min: 2700
+ max: 4000
+ setpoints: [2700, 3000, 4000]
+default: 3000
```
−### A CCT of 3000 K or lower is preferred for exterior lighting and is the maximum permitted by the DarkSky Approved program and by many jurisdictions.
+### Lower correlated color temperatures read warmer in appearance: 2700 K is warm, 3000 K warm-neutral, and 4000 K neutral. {note}
−### 4000 K may be selected where a jurisdiction or owner standard requires it, but it should not be the default.
−
### Where a jurisdiction caps CCT, that cap governs.
+### A CCT of 3000 K or lower is the maximum permitted by the DarkSky Approved program and by many jurisdictions, which is why it is the baseline here; 4000 K is selected only where a jurisdiction or owner standard calls for it. {note}
+
### Shorter-wavelength (bluer, higher-CCT) light scatters more in the atmosphere, contributes disproportionately to skyglow, and has greater ecological impact on wildlife. {note}
## Color Rendering {toc}
+### The minimum color rendering index shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Minimum Color Rendering Index (CRI)
…20 unchanged lines
## Uplight Limit {toc}
+### The maximum uplight rating shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Maximum Uplight Rating (TM-15 "U")
…6 unchanged lines
```
−### U0 shall be the default for all luminaires except where decorative post-top luminaires with a specified low uplight are explicitly approved.
+### An uplight rating above U0 shall be used only for decorative post-top luminaires explicitly approved by the Engineer of Record.
### A U0 rating means the luminaire emits no light at or above the horizontal and is the requirement for dark-sky compliance and for the IDA-IES Model Lighting Ordinance; uplight is the single largest controllable contributor to skyglow and is almost never useful. {note}
## Backlight Limit {toc}
+### The maximum backlight rating permitted at each location shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Maximum Backlight Rating (TM-15 "B") at Property Lines
type: select
−drawing_ref: true
+drawing_ref: "photometric site plan"
options:
- "B1"
- "B2"
- "B3"
−default: "B2"
+default: deferred
```
−### The backlight rating shall be coordinated with the luminaire's setback from the property line; luminaires near a property line shall carry a lower backlight rating or use a backlight shield.
+### The backlight rating shall be coordinated with the luminaire's setback from the property line.
−### The permitted value at each location shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the photometric site plan with property lines and lighting zones]].
+### Luminaires near a property line shall carry a lower backlight rating or a backlight shield.
## Glare Limit {toc}
+### The maximum glare rating shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Maximum Glare Rating (TM-15 "G")
…12 unchanged lines
## Lighting Zone {toc}
+### The project lighting zone shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Lighting Zone (Model Lighting Ordinance)
…5 unchanged lines
- "LZ3 - Moderately high (urban commercial)"
- "LZ4 - High (major metropolitan)"
−default: "LZ2 - Moderate (suburban commercial)"
```
…4 unchanged lines
## House-Side Shielding {toc}
+### House-side shielding shall be provided as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: House-Side / Backlight Shielding
…13 unchanged lines
## System Voltage {toc}
+### The luminaire supply voltage shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: System Voltage
…27 unchanged lines
### Driver Electrical Performance {toc}
+#### The minimum driver power factor shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Driver Power Factor (Minimum)
…5 unchanged lines
```
+#### The maximum driver current total harmonic distortion shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Maximum Total Harmonic Distortion (Driver Current)
type: select
−unit: "%"
+unit: '%'
options:
- "20% maximum"
…3 unchanged lines
```
−#### A power factor of at least 0.90 and current total harmonic distortion at or below 20 percent are required to limit utility penalties and harmonic loading on the branch circuit.
+#### Power factor and current distortion limits exist to hold down utility power-factor penalties and harmonic loading on the branch circuit; 0.90 and 20% are the levels every commercial LED driver meets. {note}
#### Lower THD should be specified where many drivers share a circuit or where the site is sensitive to harmonics.
## Dimming Interface {toc}
+### The driver dimming interface shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Driver Dimming Interface
…3 unchanged lines
- "DALI digital addressable"
- "Integral wireless control node"
− - "Non-dimming (on/off only)"
+ - "Non-dimming (switched on and off)"
default: "0-10 V analog dimming"
```
…13 unchanged lines
## Mounting Configuration {toc}
+### The luminaire mounting configuration shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire Mounting Configuration
…9 unchanged lines
```
−### The mounting configuration determines the number and arrangement of luminaires on the pole, which directly drives the pole's effective projected area and the eccentric moment it must resist; a multiple-luminaire arrangement at a single pole reduces pole count but increases the structural demand on each pole and its foundation. {note}
+### The mounting configuration determines the number and arrangement of luminaires on the pole, which directly drives the pole's effective projected area and the eccentric moment it must resist; a multiple-luminaire arrangement at a single pole reduces pole count but increases the structural demand on each pole and its foundation.
## Mounting Height {toc}
+### The luminaire mounting height shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire Mounting Height
−type: select
+type: range
unit: ft
−drawing_ref: true
+drawing_ref: "photometric site plan"
options:
− - "12 ft (pedestrian, post-top)"
− - "15 ft (walkway, low-level area)"
− - "20 ft (parking, low)"
− - "25 ft (parking, typical)"
− - "30 ft (parking, large lot)"
− - "35 ft (roadway, large area)"
− - "40 ft (roadway, high-mast lower range)"
−default: "25 ft (parking, typical)"
+ min: 12
+ max: 40
+ setpoints: [12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40]
+default: deferred
```
−### The mounting height shall be [[drawing: as indicated on the photometric site plan]] and coordinated with the selected distribution type so that the spacing-to-mounting-height ratio produces the required uniformity.
+### Mounting height tracks the application: 12 ft for pedestrian post-top locations, 15 ft for walkways and other low-level areas, 20 to 30 ft for parking from low-mounted through typical to large-lot installations, 35 ft for roadway and large-area lighting, and 40 ft at the lower range of high-mast installations. {note}
+### The mounting height shall be coordinated with the selected distribution type so that the spacing-to-mounting-height ratio produces the required uniformity.
+
### Mounting height trades pole count against light distribution and glare; higher mounting covers more area per pole with lower glare angles but requires a stronger pole and foundation and makes maintenance harder. {note}
## Pole Material {toc}
+### The pole material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Pole Material
…5 unchanged lines
- "Concrete (spun or precast)"
- "Fiberglass / FRP"
−default: "Steel (galvanized and powder-coated)"
```
…22 unchanged lines
## Handhole and Wiring {toc}
+### Each pole shall have a reinforced, gasketed handhole near the base with a removable cover for access to the in-pole wiring and the in-line fuse holders.
+
+### Pole wiring shall be supported so that it does not bear on sharp edges and shall be provided with a grounding provision inside the handhole bonded per [[sync/grounding-and-bonding]].
+
+### In-pole fusing shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: In-Pole Fusing
type: radio
options:
− - "In-line fuse in each ungrounded conductor at handhole"
− - "Not required (fused at distribution only)"
−default: "In-line fuse in each ungrounded conductor at handhole"
+ - "In-line fuse in each ungrounded conductor at the handhole"
+ - "Not required (fused at the distribution panel)"
+default: "In-line fuse in each ungrounded conductor at the handhole"
```
−### Each pole shall have a reinforced, gasketed handhole near the base with a removable cover for access to the in-pole wiring and the in-line fuse holders.
+### An in-line fuse at the handhole keeps a fault in one pole from de-energizing the whole circuit and lets a single pole be isolated for service, which is why it is the baseline here. {note}
−### Pole wiring shall be supported so that it does not bear on sharp edges and shall be provided with a grounding provision inside the handhole bonded per [[sync/grounding-and-bonding]].
−
−### An in-line fuse in each ungrounded conductor at the handhole shall be provided so that a fault in one pole does not de-energize the entire circuit and so the pole can be isolated for service.
−
## Luminaire Attachments {toc}
…11 unchanged lines
## Foundation Type {toc}
+### The pole foundation type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Pole Foundation Type
type: select
+drawing_ref: "structural drawings"
options:
- "Drilled concrete pier (cast-in-place)"
- "Spread footing (cast-in-place)"
- "Precast concrete base"
- "Direct-buried (embedded pole)"
−default: "Drilled concrete pier (cast-in-place)"
+default: deferred
```
−### The foundation type, embedment depth, reinforcement, and concrete strength shall be [[drawing: as detailed on the structural drawings and coordinated with the geotechnical report]].
+### The embedment depth, reinforcement, and concrete strength of the foundation shall be [[drawing: as detailed on the structural drawings]], coordinated with the geotechnical report.
### Cast-in-place foundation concrete shall comply with [[sync/cast-in-place-concrete]] and reinforcement with [[sync/concrete-reinforcement]].
…3 unchanged lines
## Anchor Bolts and Base Plate {toc}
+### Anchor bolt and base plate corrosion protection shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Anchor Bolt / Base Plate Corrosion Protection
…2 unchanged lines
- "Hot-dip galvanized"
- "Stainless steel"
− - "Zinc-plated (interior / sheltered only)"
+ - "Zinc-plated (sheltered locations)"
default: "Hot-dip galvanized"
```
…9 unchanged lines
## Frangible / Breakaway Bases {toc}
+### Frangible bases shall be provided as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Frangible / Breakaway Base
…22 unchanged lines
## Photocontrol {toc}
+### The photocontrol type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Photocontrol Type
…13 unchanged lines
## Scheduling and Reduction Control {toc}
+### The time-based or occupancy control strategy shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Time-Based / Occupancy Control Strategy
…28 unchanged lines
## Luminaire Surge Protective Device {toc}
+### Each luminaire shall be provided with a surge protective device, listed to UL 1449 where applied as a discrete SPD, selected for the surge environment of its location category per IEEE C62.41.2 and tested per IEEE C62.45.
+
+### The surge protective device rating shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire Surge Protection Rating
type: select
unit: kV/kA
options:
− - "10 kV / 5 kA (standard)"
− - "20 kV / 10 kA (elevated exposure)"
−default: "10 kV / 5 kA (standard)"
+ - "10 kV / 5 kA"
+ - "20 kV / 10 kA"
+default: "10 kV / 5 kA"
```
−### Each luminaire shall be provided with a surge protective device, listed to UL 1449 where applied as a discrete SPD, selected for the surge environment of its location category per IEEE C62.41.2 and tested per IEEE C62.45.
+### A 20 kV / 10 kA device shall be used on tall poles, on exposed sites, and in areas of high lightning activity.
−### A 10 kV / 5 kA device is adequate for most site locations; a 20 kV / 10 kA device shall be used for tall poles, exposed sites, and areas of high lightning activity.
+### A 10 kV / 5 kA device is adequate for most site locations, which is why it is the baseline. {note}
### The SPD should be of a type that fails safe and disconnects the luminaire on its own end of life rather than failing the driver, and should be field-replaceable.
…13 unchanged lines
## Luminaire Housing Finish {toc}
+### The luminaire housing finish shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire Housing Finish
…12 unchanged lines
## Pole Finish {toc}
+### The pole finish system shall be as indicated in the datasheet and shall correspond to the pole material selected.
+
```datasheet
label: Pole Finish System
…4 unchanged lines
- "High-performance coating on aluminum (AAMA 2604)"
- "Superior-performance coating on aluminum (AAMA 2605, coastal)"
− - "Manufacturer's standard powder coat (aluminum, sheltered)"
−default: "Hot-dip galvanized with polyester powder coat"
+ - "Standard polyester powder coat on aluminum, no AAMA performance rating (sheltered locations)"
```
+### The pole and luminaire finish color shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Finish Color
type: text
−default: "Black (RAL 9005)"
```
+### Finish color is an appearance selection the Architect makes for the project; the standard sets the coating system, not the color. {note}
+
### Steel poles shall be hot-dip galvanized per ASTM A123 as the base corrosion protection, and a powder-coat top finish is added where appearance is specified, applied over the galvanizing with proper surface preparation so it does not later peel.
…14 unchanged lines
## Photometric Acceptance {toc}
+### The field illuminance verification method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Field Illuminance Verification
…6 unchanged lines
```
−### The installed lighting shall be verified to meet the design illuminance and uniformity after dark, with measurements taken at the points shown on the photometric plan after the LED output has stabilized and with the pavement and surroundings representative of the in-service condition.
+### The installed lighting shall be verified after dark to meet the design illuminance and uniformity, with readings taken after the LED output has stabilized and with the pavement and surroundings representative of the in-service condition.
### Readings substantially below or above the design indicate a wrong luminaire, wrong aiming, or a circuiting error and shall be corrected.
…65 unchanged lines
## Luminaire and Driver Warranty {toc}
+### The luminaire and driver warranty period shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Luminaire and Driver Warranty Period
…12 unchanged lines
## Pole and Finish Warranty {toc}
+### The pole and finish warranty period shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Pole and Finish Warranty Period
…12 unchanged lines
# Spare Parts {toc}
+## Spare parts shall be furnished as indicated in the datasheet.
+
```datasheet
label: Spare Parts
…6 unchanged lines
- "Spare surge protective devices"
- "Touch-up coating to match each finish"
−default: "Spare in-line fuses (one box per rating)"
+default:
+ - "Spare LED drivers (one per luminaire type)"
+ - "Spare photocontrols"
+ - "Spare in-line fuses (one box per rating)"
+ - "Spare surge protective devices"
+ - "Touch-up coating to match each finish"
```
## Spare parts shall match the type, rating, CCT, and distribution of the installed equipment so that a replacement is photometrically and visually consistent with its neighbors.
## Touch-up coating matched to each finish shall be provided so that field repairs to scratched poles and luminaires do not leave a visible or corroding mark.