Electrical Equipment Labels
Remake batch 25 and its neighbor re-points, batch 24 where missing, and the adopted-electrical-code parameter: brought in line with the authoring repository
Showing changes from Rev 9
to Rev 10
in Electrical Equipment Labels.
---
−title: Electrical Equipment Labeling
+title: Electrical Equipment Labels
category: Electrical
−toc_depth: 3
description: >
− When to use: Identification labels, nameplates, warning signs, panel directories, and color-coding for electrical distribution equipment and wiring rated 600V and below and for medium-voltage equipment served by the same project — switchgear, switchboards, panelboards, transformers, motor control centers, disconnects, automatic transfer switches, junction boxes, raceways, and conductors. Covers arc-flash warning labels driven by the arc-flash study, voltage-class and system color coding (normal, emergency, critical, standby, fire alarm, security), panelboard circuit directories, disconnecting-means identification, available fault current marking, and conductor and conduit identification.
− Not intended for: Telecommunications and structured cabling identification per ANSI/TIA-606 and BICSI (touched on by [[sync/telecommunications-bonding]]); building automation control point tagging and instrumentation tag schemas (a separate controls scope); mechanical equipment nameplates and pipe labeling under ASME A13.1; as-built drawings, room signage, or wayfinding; and life-safety code occupancy signage governed by the building code rather than the electrical code.
+ When to use: The labels, nameplates, directories and signs applied in the field to the enclosures of electrical equipment rated 1000 V and below, and of the medium-voltage equipment on the same project: switchgear, switchboards, panelboards, motor control centers, transformers, transfer switches, generators, drives, disconnects, starters, busway, meter enclosures and control enclosures. Covers the equipment identification nameplate with its designation and source, the nameplates on each device and compartment, the circuit directory, the warning and danger signs NFPA 70 requires on equipment for voltage, multiple sources, disconnect location, back-fed devices, series ratings and ungrounded systems, the arc-flash warning label as a product and its installation, the available fault current marking, service equipment signs, the marking of emergency and standby system equipment, nameplate material, colors, character heights and attachment, the ANSI Z535.4 format of safety signs, installation, warranty and spare stock.
+ Not intended for: the marking of the wiring itself, meaning conductor color coding, cable and conductor tags, raceway markers, box covers and underground tape ([[sync/electrical-identification]]); the content of the arc-flash label, the incident energy, working distance, boundary and personal protective equipment it states ([[sync/arc-flash-study]]); the available fault current value and its date ([[sync/short-circuit-study]]); the factory nameplate and ratings marking of each product, which its own standard governs; which disconnects at a service are marked and the wording NFPA 70 Article 230 gives them ([[sync/electrical-service-entrance]]); the tags on shielded cable above 1000 V at terminations and in manholes ([[sync/medium-voltage-cables]]); telecommunications administration under ANSI/TIA-606 ([[sync/structured-cabling]], [[sync/telecommunications-rooms-and-pathways]]); temporary construction power ([[sync/temporary-facilities-and-controls]]); the facility electrical safety program and its energized work permits ([[sync/electrical-safety-program]]); pipe markers, valve tags and mechanical equipment nameplates ([[sync/mechanical-identification]], [[sync/plumbing-piping-identification]]); room door signs and egress signage ([[sync/electrical-rooms]], [[sync/signage-and-egress-markings]]); and instrument tag numbering ([[sync/instrument-installation-and-tubing]]).
---
# Scope {toc}
−## This specification covers the materials, content, sizing, attachment, and installation of all identification labels, nameplates, warning signs, color coding, and circuit directories applied to electrical distribution equipment, raceways, and conductors. {note}
−## Labels are not decoration. {note}
−## They are the primary means by which an electrician, a maintenance technician, or a first responder identifies what a piece of equipment is, what it feeds, where it is fed from, what voltage it operates at, and what hazards it presents. {note}
+## This standard governs what is fastened or adhered to the outside of an electrical enclosure after it arrives on site: the nameplate that names the equipment and says where it is fed from, the nameplate on each device and compartment inside a lineup, the circuit directory in a panelboard door, the signs NFPA 70 requires on the equipment itself, the arc-flash warning label as a printed product, and the available fault current marking. It settles the material, the colors, the character heights, the attachment and the installation of every one of them, so that each equipment standard can require a label and point here for how it is made. {note}
−## A correctly designed distribution system that is poorly labeled is unsafe in operation, expensive to maintain, and difficult to modify. {note}
+## The label on the enclosure and the marking on the wiring are two trades' worth of work and two standards. Everything that identifies a conductor, a cable, a raceway, a box cover or a buried run is the wiring system's identification and is governed by [[sync/electrical-identification]]; everything on the face of an enclosure is governed here. The two standards share the project's system colors and the equipment designations, and neither restates the other. {note}
−## Most of the requirements of this standard are dictated by the National Electrical Code: NEC 110.21 requires manufacturer marking and field-applied marking with sufficient durability for the environment; NEC 110.22 requires every disconnecting means to be legibly marked to indicate its purpose; NEC 110.16 requires arc-flash hazard warning labels on equipment likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized; and NEC 408.4 requires a typed circuit directory on every panelboard. {note}
+## Three documents feed the labels under this standard and none of them is written here. The arc-flash label carries the values, the method, the operating states and the signal word that the label schedule of [[sync/arc-flash-study]] states for each bus; this standard governs the stock it is printed on, its size, its attachment and where it is fixed. The available fault current marking carries the value and the date [[sync/short-circuit-study]] states. The designation and the source on every nameplate come from the one-line diagram. A label is only as correct as the document behind it, and a label printed from a draft is replaced when the document is final. {note}
−## The remaining requirements in this standard make those code-mandated labels consistent, durable, and useful — they should be readable a decade after installation, in the lighting and posture conditions an electrician actually encounters in the field. {note}
+## The following are governed elsewhere and are outside this standard: {note}
+- the marking of conductors, cables, raceways, box covers and underground runs, including the posted identification legend, which is governed by [[sync/electrical-identification]]
+- the factory nameplate and the ratings, listing and warning markings the manufacturer applies to each product, which each product standard governs and which no field label covers or replaces
+- the content of the arc-flash label, its method, its signal word, the operating states it reports and the label schedule it is printed from, which [[sync/arc-flash-study]] governs
+- the available fault current value, its date and its re-study triggers, which [[sync/short-circuit-study]] governs
+- which disconnects at a service are marked, how they are grouped and the wording NFPA 70 Article 230 gives them, which [[sync/electrical-service-entrance]] governs
+- the identification tags on medium-voltage cable, which [[sync/medium-voltage-cables]] governs
+- telecommunications labels and records under ANSI/TIA-606, which [[sync/structured-cabling]] and [[sync/telecommunications-rooms-and-pathways]] govern
+- the labels on temporary construction power equipment, which [[sync/temporary-facilities-and-controls]] governs
+- the marking of the branch panelboards and feeders of a healthcare essential electrical system, which [[sync/healthcare-essential-electrical-systems]] governs, with the nameplate made under this standard
+- the arc-flash risk assessment program, the energized work permit and the re-labeling cycle the Owner runs after turnover, which [[sync/electrical-safety-program]] governs
+- pipe markers, valve tags and the nameplates on mechanical equipment, which [[sync/mechanical-identification]] and [[sync/plumbing-piping-identification]] govern
+- the signs on the door of an electrical room and the egress and accessibility signage of the building, which [[sync/electrical-rooms]] and [[sync/signage-and-egress-markings]] govern
−## This standard works with, and depends on, the output of the project's arc-flash study; arc-flash label content is established by the analysis performed under [[sync/arc-flash-study]], and the requirements here govern the physical label that delivers that content to the worker. {note}
+## The decisions the engineer makes under this standard are few and independent of one another: the nameplate material and its colors, the character heights, the attachment method, the form of the circuit directory, the stock of the safety signs and of the arc-flash label, the form of the available fault current marking and of the emergency system marking, and the mounting height. What each label says is not a decision; it follows from NFPA 70 and from the one-line diagram. {note}
−## Coordinate equipment scope with [[sync/low-voltage-switchgear]], [[sync/low-voltage-switchboards]], [[sync/panelboards]], [[sync/medium-voltage-switchgear]], [[sync/motor-control-centers]], [[sync/low-voltage-dry-type-transformers]], [[sync/medium-voltage-transformers]], [[sync/generators]], and [[sync/automatic-transfer-switches]]; conductor identification coordinates with [[sync/conductors-and-cables]], and conduit identification with [[sync/raceways-and-conduit]]. {note}
+## The text of each equipment nameplate and of each device nameplate shall be as listed on [[drawing: the nameplate schedule]].
−## This standard does not cover telecommunications and low-voltage data cabling labels, which follow ANSI/TIA-606 administration standards and the project's BICSI scope; it does not cover building automation point tagging schemas; and it does not cover mechanical pipe labeling under ASME A13.1. {note}
+## Where no nameplate schedule is issued, the Contractor shall prepare one from the one-line diagram and the panel schedules and shall submit it as an action submittal before any nameplate is fabricated.
+## The designation on every nameplate, directory and label shall match the designation of the same equipment on the one-line diagram, the panel schedules and the record drawings, and the Contractor shall report any disagreement between those documents to the Engineer of Record before fabrication.
+
# Referenced Standards {toc}
−## Materials and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of the following standards and codes.
+## Materials, fabrication and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.
−## Where the contract documents, the adopted building code, the output of the arc-flash study, or a referenced standard conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
+## Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
−## Standards Table {toc}
−
| Standard | Title |
|----------|-------|
−| NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code (Articles 110.16, 110.21, 110.22, 200.6, 210.5, 215.10, 215.12, 230.95, 250.119, 408.4, 700, 701, 705, 706, 708) |
−| NFPA 70E | Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace (Article 130.5(H) — Arc-Flash Labels) |
−| NFPA 72 | National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (identification of fire alarm circuits and equipment) |
−| IEEE 1584 | Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations |
+| NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code (Articles 110.16, 110.21, 110.22, 110.24, 110.34, 230.2, 230.70, 230.85, 240.86, 250.21, 408.3, 408.4, 450.14, 690.13, 700.7, 700.10, 701.7, 702.7, 705.10, 705.12, 706.15 and 710.10) |
+| NFPA 70E | Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace (Section 130.5(H), Equipment Labeling) |
| ANSI Z535.1 | Safety Colors |
−| ANSI Z535.2 | Environmental and Facility Safety Signs |
| ANSI Z535.4 | Product Safety Signs and Labels |
−| ANSI Z535.5 | Safety Tags and Barricade Tapes for Temporary Hazards |
−| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.303(e) | Marking of Electric Equipment |
−| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.335 | Safeguards for Personnel Protection |
| UL 969 | Marking and Labeling Systems |
−| UL 969A | Reference Standard for Marking and Labeling Systems for Hazardous Locations |
−| ASTM D4956 | Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control (cross-reference for outdoor warning sign sheeting) |
−| ANSI/TIA-606 | Administration Standard for Telecommunications Infrastructure (cross-reference; not primary) |
+| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.303 | Electrical, General (paragraph (e), Marking) |
+| OSHA 29 CFR 1910.145 | Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs and Tags |
−## NEC and NFPA 70E are the controlling authorities for what each label must say; ANSI Z535.4 and UL 969 govern how the label is constructed so that it remains legible, and the arc-flash study produces the values that go on the arc-flash label while this standard governs how the label is printed and attached. {note}
+## NFPA 70 says which labels an installation carries and the few words some of them must use; NFPA 70E 130.5(H) says what the arc-flash label states; ANSI Z535.4 says how a safety sign is laid out and colored so that a worker reads it the same way on every piece of equipment; UL 969 is the test that a pressure-sensitive label stays adhered and legible under the heat, humidity and exposure it is listed for. The four do not overlap, and this standard cites each for its own part. {note}
# Submittals {toc}
## Action Submittals {toc}
−### Contractor shall submit the following for the Engineer's review and approval prior to procurement of labels and signage.
+### The Contractor shall submit the following for review, and shall not release any nameplate, directory, sign or arc-flash label for fabrication until the submittals have been returned:
+- The nameplate schedule listing every nameplate under this standard by equipment designation, with its text line by line, its size, its character heights, its material, its colors and its attachment, cross-referenced to the one-line diagram
+- Product data for each nameplate material, each pressure-sensitive label stock with its UL 969 listing and the temperature, humidity and outdoor exposure the listing covers, each sign stock and each adhesive and fastener
+- One sample of each nameplate material in each color scheme, engraved with representative text at each character height specified
+- One sample of each safety sign type in the ANSI Z535.4 format, and one arc-flash label of the selected stock printed from one line of the label schedule delivered under [[sync/arc-flash-study]]
+- The circuit directory template, showing the columns, the font and the holder or cover it is installed in
+- The available fault current marking in the selected form, printed with the value and date [[sync/short-circuit-study]] states for one item of service equipment
−### Labels shall not be ordered until the submittal is returned reviewed.
−
−### Errors in label content discovered after fabrication are expensive to correct and routinely lead to mismatched labels in the field. {note}
−
−### Action Submittals Required {toc}
−
−#### The following shall be submitted:
−
−- A project label schedule listing every label to be furnished, organized by equipment designation, with the label text, dimensions, material, color scheme, and attachment method for each
−- Physical samples of each label material and color combination proposed (engraved laminated phenolic in each color scheme, adhesive vinyl, engraved metal where used), with sample text demonstrating engraving depth and character formation
−- Manufacturer product data confirming UL 969 listing for adhesive labels and confirming material compliance with this standard for engraved nameplates
−- The arc-flash label format and a representative sample populated with data from the arc-flash study deliverable
−- The panelboard circuit directory template in the format to be installed (typed legend in clear sleeve)
−- Conductor and conduit identification samples (phase tape, conduit marking tape or stenciled marking)
−- Color schema reference card showing the project's full voltage-class and system color coding to be field-distributed to the installation crew
−
```datasheet
label: Action Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - "Project label schedule with text, dimensions, material, attachment"
− - "Physical samples of each label material and color"
− - "UL 969 listing documentation for adhesive labels"
− - "Arc-flash label format and populated sample"
− - "Panelboard circuit directory template"
− - "Conductor and conduit identification samples"
− - "Color schema reference card"
+ - "Nameplate schedule with text, size, character heights, material, colors and attachment"
+ - "Product data for nameplate materials, label stocks with UL 969 listings, adhesives and fasteners"
+ - "Engraved sample of each nameplate material and color scheme"
+ - "Sample safety sign and sample arc-flash label printed from the study"
+ - "Circuit directory template"
+ - "Available fault current marking sample"
default:
− - "Project label schedule with text, dimensions, material, attachment"
+ - "Nameplate schedule with text, size, character heights, material, colors and attachment"
+ - "Product data for nameplate materials, label stocks with UL 969 listings, adhesives and fasteners"
+ - "Engraved sample of each nameplate material and color scheme"
+ - "Sample safety sign and sample arc-flash label printed from the study"
+ - "Circuit directory template"
+constraint: all_of
```
−## Closeout Submittals {toc}
+### The nameplate schedule is reviewed against the one-line diagram line by line, because a nameplate that names the wrong source sends the next electrician to the wrong panel to de-energize it, and no quality of engraving corrects that. {note}
−### At substantial completion, before final acceptance, Contractor shall provide the following:
+### Where the Contractor proposes a material, a color scheme or an attachment differing from the datasheet selection, the proposal shall be identified as a deviation on the transmittal and shall state what is offered in place of each selected item.
−- A complete record label schedule reflecting all as-installed labels, with any field changes from the action submittal documented
−- The final arc-flash labels as installed, cross-referenced to the arc-flash study report bus identifiers, in both physical photograph and tabular form
−- Record panel directories for every panelboard, with circuit numbers, descriptions, and last-update date
−- Spare label stock as required for warranty-period changes
+## Closeout Submittals {toc}
+### The Contractor shall deliver the following at substantial completion:
+- The record nameplate schedule reflecting every nameplate as installed, in an editable electronic format the Owner can reprint from
+- The record circuit directory of every panelboard, switchboard and motor control center as installed, in the same editable format
+- A photograph of the installed arc-flash label and of the available fault current marking on each item of equipment that carries one, indexed by the equipment designation
+- The written warranty required under this standard
+- A signed receipt from the Owner for the spare stock delivered
+
```datasheet
label: Closeout Submittals Required
type: checkbox
options:
− - "Record label schedule reflecting all as-installed labels"
− - "Final arc-flash labels cross-referenced to study bus identifiers (photo and tabular)"
− - "Record panel directories for every panelboard"
− - "Spare label stock for warranty-period changes"
−default: [Record label schedule reflecting all as-installed labels, Final arc-flash labels cross-referenced to study bus identifiers (photo and tabular), Record panel directories for every panelboard, Spare label stock for warranty-period changes]
+ - "Record nameplate schedule in editable format"
+ - "Record circuit directories in editable format"
+ - "Photographs of installed arc-flash labels and available fault current markings"
+ - "Written warranty"
+ - "Spare stock receipt"
+default:
+ - "Record nameplate schedule in editable format"
+ - "Record circuit directories in editable format"
+ - "Photographs of installed arc-flash labels and available fault current markings"
+ - "Written warranty"
+ - "Spare stock receipt"
+constraint: all_of
```
+### The editable schedule and directory are what let the Owner replace one nameplate or reprint one directory after a circuit is moved without re-creating the format, and they are the deliverable that keeps the labels matching the installation after the Contractor has left. {note}
+
# Quality Assurance {toc}
−## Installer Qualifications {toc}
+## Label Product Listing {toc}
−### Label fabrication shall be performed by a labeling supplier regularly engaged in producing engraved phenolic and engraved metal nameplates for electrical equipment, or by the equipment manufacturer's labeling service.
+### Every pressure-sensitive label, including the arc-flash label, the safety signs and the circuit directory insert where it is adhesive, shall be of a stock listed to UL 969 for the surface it is applied to and for the temperature, humidity and exposure of its installed location.
−### Field installation shall be performed by the electrical Contractor's qualified personnel.
+### The label manufacturer's printing system, meaning the printer, the ribbon or ink and the overlaminate where one is used, shall be the combination covered by the UL 969 listing of the stock, so that the printed legend is within the listing and not only the blank stock.
−### Personnel populating arc-flash labels shall verify that label content matches the arc-flash study deliverable bus-by-bus.
+### A UL 969 listing covers a stock, an adhesive and a printing method as one system, and a legend printed on listed stock with an unlisted ribbon fades while the stock stays put; the blank label and the printed label are two different products, and the listing of the second is the one that matters. {note}
−### Personnel populating arc-flash labels shall not transcribe values without the report in hand.
+## Fabricator and Installer {toc}
−## Listing and Labeling of Label Products {toc}
+### Engraved nameplates shall be fabricated by a shop that produces engraved nameplates for electrical equipment as a regular line of work, or by the equipment manufacturer's nameplate service.
−### Adhesive label products shall be listed to UL 969.
+### Labels and nameplates shall be installed by the electrical Contractor's own personnel, who shall verify the text of each against the reviewed nameplate schedule before it is fixed.
−### Adhesive label products shall be selected for the temperature, humidity, ultraviolet exposure, and chemical environment of the installation location.
+## Coordination with the Studies {toc}
−### UL 969 listing is the assurance that the label's adhesion, legibility, and substrate compatibility have been verified by tested aging — an adhesive label not listed to UL 969 may peel, fade, or become illegible within months of installation. {note}
+### Arc-flash labels shall be printed only from the final label schedule delivered under [[sync/arc-flash-study]], and no arc-flash label shall be printed from a draft schedule, from the report's results tables in place of the schedule, or from any other source.
−## Coordination with the Arc-Flash Study {toc}
+### Available fault current markings shall be printed only from the value and date delivered under [[sync/short-circuit-study]], or from the serving utility's written statement where [[sync/electrical-service-entrance]] permits that source, and from no other number.
−### Arc-flash warning labels shall not be ordered or installed before the arc-flash study under [[sync/arc-flash-study]] is complete and the protective device settings used in the calculation have been verified as installed.
+### Where an item of equipment that its product standard requires to carry an arc-flash label does not appear on the label schedule, the Contractor shall refer the equipment to the study's engineer before printing, and shall not infer a value from an adjacent bus.
−### Labels populated with calculation results from a draft study, or from assumed device settings, are not valid and shall not be used.
+# Environmental and Service Conditions {toc}
−### Where the arc-flash study has not been completed at the time other labels are installed, a generic "WARNING — Arc Flash and Shock Hazard, Appropriate PPE Required" label per NEC 110.16 may be installed in the interim and replaced with the study-driven label when available.
+## A conditioned electrical room is where most of the labels under this standard are installed, and the materials offered as the norm are rated for that service; an outdoor enclosure, a wash-down area, a chemical room, a boiler room and a classified location are different services, and the clauses below raise the material at those locations without changing the selection for the rest of the project. {note}
−## Coordination with the One-Line Diagram {toc}
+## Labels and nameplates on equipment installed outdoors shall be of a material, an adhesive and a printing system rated by their manufacturer for continuous exposure to sunlight and moisture across the range from [[parameter: site-ambient-temperature-minimum]] to [[parameter: site-ambient-temperature-maximum]], and an engraved plastic nameplate installed outdoors shall be of an ultraviolet-stabilized laminate.
−### Equipment designations on every nameplate shall match the equipment designations on the as-built one-line diagram and panel schedules.
+## Labels and nameplates on equipment in a wash-down area, a chemical storage or feed room, or a location the Contract Documents classify as corrosive shall be of engraved stainless steel, engraved ultraviolet-stabilized plastic, or a label stock the manufacturer rates for the chemical exposure of that location, with stainless steel fasteners.
−### A label that disagrees with the drawings is worse than no label, because it actively misleads. {note}
+## Labels and nameplates on equipment whose enclosure surface exceeds 60°C in service, including the enclosures of transformers, drives, resistors and heating equipment, shall be of a material and an adhesive rated for the surface temperature stated on the product's data.
−### The Contractor shall reconcile any inconsistency before fabrication and shall update either the label schedule or the drawings as appropriate.
+## Labels on an enclosure in a hazardous (classified) location shall be attached by adhesive or by the enclosure manufacturer's own nameplate provision, and no hole shall be drilled in an enclosure listed for a classified location for a label.
−# Environmental and Service Conditions {toc}
+## A hole drilled in an explosionproof or dust-ignitionproof enclosure voids its listing, and the flame path of such an enclosure is not restored by a sealant; the adhesive label is therefore the rule in a classified location, and its stock is one listed for the temperature class of the enclosure. {note}
−## Label material and attachment shall be appropriate to the environment in which the label will live for the life of the equipment.
+## Labels installed where equipment is hosed down or steam cleaned shall have no exposed paper core, and an engraved laminate at such a location shall have its edges sealed by the fabricator.
−## Indoor, climate-controlled electrical rooms are forgiving; outdoor, wet, corrosive, or high-temperature locations are not. {note}
+# Nameplate Material and Construction {toc}
−## Service Environment Selection {toc}
+## Nameplate Material {toc}
+### Equipment nameplates and device nameplates shall be of the material indicated in the datasheet, except where a clause of this standard requires a different material at a location.
+
```datasheet
−label: Label Service Environment
+label: Nameplate Material
type: select
options:
− - "Indoor, climate-controlled (electrical rooms, finished spaces)"
− - "Indoor, unconditioned (mechanical rooms, garages, warehouses)"
− - "Outdoor, sheltered"
− - "Outdoor, exposed (NEMA 3R/4 enclosures, rooftops)"
− - "Corrosive or industrial (wash-down, chemical exposure)"
− - "Hazardous (classified) locations"
−default: "Indoor, climate-controlled (electrical rooms, finished spaces)"
+ - "Engraved laminated plastic, three-ply with a contrasting core"
+ - "Engraved anodized aluminum"
+ - "Engraved or etched stainless steel"
+ - "Printed polyester label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+default: "Engraved laminated plastic, three-ply with a contrasting core"
```
−## Outdoor and Exposed Locations {toc}
+### Engraved laminated plastic is the nameplate on most distribution equipment, because the core color is the legend and cannot fade or peel, a shop engraves it to a consistent depth, it takes screws or adhesive, and it is the cheapest to replace one at a time, which is why it is the default; its limits are heat above the laminate's rating and the ultraviolet exposure of an unstabilized grade outdoors. Anodized aluminum is engraved through the anodized layer to a bright legend and withstands sun, heat and most weather, at the cost of a legend that reads as metal on metal in dim light and a plate that dents. Stainless steel is the plate that survives wash-down, chemicals and abuse and is the rule of a treatment plant or a food process area, at the highest cost and with a legend that needs filling to read. A printed polyester label with an overlaminate is the lowest cost and the fastest to produce in quantity, prints in full color and is the natural product where a project labels hundreds of small enclosures, and its life is the life of the adhesive and the overlaminate in that environment, which the UL 969 listing states. {note}
−### For outdoor and exposed installations, label materials shall be selected for ultraviolet resistance and shall not rely on inks or pigments that fade in sunlight.
+### Engraved laminated plastic nameplates shall be of a rigid laminate with a core color contrasting with the face, engraved through the face into the core, with characters of uniform depth and no burr, chip or feathered edge.
−### Engraved laminated phenolic and engraved anodized aluminum are appropriate for most outdoor conditions. {note}
+### Engraved metal nameplates shall be engraved to a depth that remains legible after the surface is scratched, and the engraved characters shall be filled with a contrasting enamel or epoxy fill.
−### Adhesive vinyl labels in outdoor exposed locations shall be listed for outdoor service and shall have demonstrated UL 969 outdoor performance.
+### Printed polyester nameplates shall be printed by thermal transfer or by a method the stock's UL 969 listing covers, with an overlaminate over the legend, and shall not be printed by a method that leaves the legend on the surface unprotected.
−## Hazardous Locations {toc}
+### The thickness of engraved nameplates shall be not less than the thickness indicated in the datasheet.
−### For hazardous locations, labels shall comply with UL 969A.
+```datasheet
+label: Engraved Nameplate Thickness
+type: range
+unit: in
+options:
+ min: 0.03125
+ max: 0.125
+ setpoints: [0.03125, 0.0625, 0.09375, 0.125]
+default: 0.0625
+constraint: min
+```
−### For hazardous locations, labels shall be installed by methods that do not compromise the enclosure's hazardous location listing.
+### A 1/16 in laminate is the thickness most engraved nameplates are made to, rigid enough not to bow under two screws and thin enough to engrave in one pass, which is why it is the default; 1/32 in is a flexible laminate used only where the plate is adhered to a curved or small surface, and 1/8 in is bought where the plate is large, where it is screwed to an uneven surface, or where the fabricator's stock for a metal plate is that thickness. {note}
−### Adhesive labels are generally acceptable on the exterior of an explosion-proof enclosure, but fasteners that penetrate the enclosure are not. {note}
+## Nameplate Colors {toc}
−# Color Code Schema {toc}
+### Nameplates on equipment of the normal power system shall have the face and character colors indicated in the datasheet.
−## The project's color code schema governs the background and text color of every nameplate, the phase tape on conductors, and conduit identification (where used). {note}
−
−## A consistent schema across every label in the building lets a worker identify the system type at a glance from across a room. {note}
−
−## The Contractor shall not adopt a private schema; the project schema shall be followed exactly, and the schema reference card from the action submittal shall be posted in the main electrical room.
−
−## The default schema below reflects common construction practice in the United States. {note}
−
−## The Engineer may modify the schema to match Owner standards or local utility conventions; modifications shall be documented in the project label schedule and on the color schema reference card.
−
−## Default Color Schema {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Voltage-Class and System Color Schema
−type: text
−default: |
− 480/277V normal power — black text on white background
− 208/120V normal power — white text on black background
− Emergency (NEC Article 700) — white text on red background
− Legally required standby (NEC Article 701) — white text on orange background
− Optional standby (NEC Article 702) — white text on green background
− Critical / essential branch (healthcare) — white text on red background
− Fire alarm — white text on red background (per NFPA 72)
− Security — white text on blue background
− Medium voltage (above 600V) — white text on orange background with red border
−```
−
−```datasheet
−label: Color Schema Variant
+label: Normal Power Nameplate Colors
type: select
options:
− - "Default schema (as above)"
− - "Owner / facility standard (attached to label schedule)"
− - "Local utility convention (documented)"
−default: "Default schema (as above)"
+ - "White face with black characters"
+ - "Black face with white characters"
+ - "Gray face with black characters"
+ - "Clear face with white core, black characters"
+default: "White face with black characters"
```
−## Color Selection by System {toc}
+### Black characters on a white face read at the greatest distance under the lighting of an electrical room and photograph legibly for the record, and they are the colors of most normal power nameplates, which is why they are the default; white on black is the convention of some Owners and utilities and reads better on a light-colored enclosure; gray on black suits a dark enclosure finish; a clear face over a white core is specified where the enclosure color is to show through the plate. The choice is the Owner's convention first and legibility second, and a project with an Owner standard follows it. {note}
−### The color of a nameplate shall be selected by the system the equipment serves, not by the equipment type.
+### Where the project's system color convention under [[sync/electrical-identification]] assigns a color to a system other than normal power, the nameplate on each item of equipment of that system shall have a face of that color with characters of a contrasting color, so that the equipment of a system is recognizable by its nameplate color from across the room.
−### A 208/120V panelboard fed from the emergency system carries an emergency-color nameplate (white on red), not the 208V normal-system color. {note}
+### One convention names the system colors for the whole project, and it lives with the wiring identification because the same colors band the raceways, mark the box covers and appear on the posted legend; the nameplate takes the color from that convention rather than naming its own, so that an emergency panelboard, its feeder raceway and its junction boxes are all the one color. {note}
−### Where a piece of equipment serves multiple systems (e.g., an automatic transfer switch with normal and emergency sources), it shall be labeled with the dominant system color and shall additionally identify each source by its own color and system designation.
+### Equipment that serves more than one system, including a transfer switch and a panelboard with separately identified sections, shall carry a nameplate in the color of the system it supplies, and each source or section shall additionally be identified at its own connection point or section by a nameplate in the color of that source or section's system.
−# Equipment Nameplates {toc}
+## Character Heights and Lettering {toc}
−## Every piece of distribution equipment shall be identified by a permanent nameplate giving, at minimum, the equipment designation, the source feeding the equipment, the voltage and phase configuration, and the ampere rating.
+### Characters on every nameplate shall be capital letters in a sans-serif typeface, engraved or printed in one style across the project.
−## Additional content is added for specific equipment types as described in the subsections below. {note}
+### The equipment designation on the first line of an assembly or equipment nameplate shall be of a character height not less than that indicated in the datasheet.
−## Nameplates shall be located on the front of the equipment in a position visible without opening doors.
−
−## Standard Nameplate Content {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Standard Nameplate Content (All Distribution Equipment)
−type: checkbox
+label: Equipment Designation Character Height
+type: range
+unit: in
options:
− - "Equipment designation (matches one-line)"
− - "Voltage, phase, wire (e.g., 480Y/277V 3Φ 4W)"
− - "Ampere rating (main bus or main device)"
− - "Short-circuit current rating (SCCR) or AIC"
− - "Source identification (fed from)"
− - "System designation (Normal / Emergency / etc.)"
− - "Available fault current and date (per NEC 110.24, service equipment)"
−default: "Equipment designation (matches one-line)"
+ min: 0.25
+ max: 1
+ setpoints: [0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.75, 1]
+default: 0.5
+constraint: min
```
−## Switchgear {toc}
+### The remaining lines of an assembly or equipment nameplate, stating the voltage, the rating, the source and the system, shall be of a character height not less than that indicated in the datasheet.
−### Switchgear shall carry a master nameplate on the front of the assembly identifying the lineup designation, the bus rating, the short-circuit current rating, the voltage configuration, and the source.
−
−### Each individual section, vertical, and compartment shall carry its own nameplate identifying the device within (e.g., "MAIN BREAKER," "FEEDER CB-1, PNL DP-2").
−
−### Drawout compartment positions shall be marked CONNECTED / TEST / DISCONNECTED on the racking mechanism.
−
−### A mimic bus diagram on the front of the switchgear shall identify breakers, instrument transformers, and bus configuration.
−
−### Mimic bus labeling shall use the same color schema as the nameplates.
−
−## Switchboards {toc}
−
−### Switchboards shall be labeled identically to switchgear at the assembly level and at the individual device level.
−
−### Group-mounted feeder breakers within a section shall each carry a nameplate identifying the breaker designation and the load served.
−
−### Where a feeder section contains many small breakers, an interior schedule card may supplement, but shall not replace, the per-breaker nameplate.
−
−## Panelboards {toc}
−
−### Panelboards shall carry a nameplate on the deadfront identifying the panel designation, voltage, phase configuration, main rating, source, and system.
−
−### The panelboard's typed circuit directory (described in the Panel Directories section below) is required in addition to, not in place of, the deadfront nameplate.
−
−## Transformers {toc}
−
−### Dry-type and liquid-filled transformers shall carry a nameplate identifying the transformer designation, kVA rating, primary and secondary voltages, the source feeding the primary, and the panelboard or distribution equipment fed by the secondary.
−
−### The manufacturer's factory nameplate shall remain in place and unobstructed in addition to the field-applied designation nameplate.
−
−## Motor Control Centers {toc}
−
−### Motor control centers shall carry a master nameplate identifying the MCC designation, voltage configuration, bus rating, short-circuit current rating, and source.
−
−### Each vertical section and each starter, drive, or feeder unit shall carry an individual nameplate identifying the unit designation and the load served.
−
−### Where unit doors are interchangeable or where bucket positions may be reconfigured, the nameplate shall be attached to the structure or stationary portion, not to the removable unit door alone.
−
−## Disconnects and Safety Switches {toc}
−
−### Every disconnecting means — fused or unfused, motor-rated or general — shall carry a nameplate identifying the disconnect designation, the equipment it disconnects (load), the source feeding the disconnect, and the voltage and ampere rating.
−
−### NEC 110.22 requires this identification for every disconnecting means and is strictly enforced. {note}
−
−## Automatic Transfer Switches {toc}
−
−### Automatic transfer switches shall carry a nameplate identifying the ATS designation, voltage and ampere rating, the normal source, the emergency or standby source, and the load served.
−
−### Each source connection shall be additionally identified at the connection point.
−
−## Junction and Pull Boxes {toc}
−
−### Junction and pull boxes shall be labeled to identify the system and the circuits passing through the box.
−
−### For boxes containing a single circuit, the label shall identify that circuit.
−
−### For boxes serving multiple circuits, the label shall identify all circuits and the source panelboard.
−
−### Boxes serving emergency, fire alarm, or other special systems shall be additionally identified by the system color of the cover or by a cover marking, so that the system is identifiable without opening the box.
−
−### Cover Identification Method {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Junction Box Cover Identification Method
−type: radio
+label: Equipment Nameplate Secondary Line Character Height
+type: range
+unit: in
options:
− - "Adhesive vinyl label per UL 969 on cover"
− - "Painted cover in system color"
− - "Stenciled cover marking in system color"
−default: "Adhesive vinyl label per UL 969 on cover"
+ min: 0.125
+ max: 0.5
+ setpoints: [0.125, 0.1875, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5]
+default: 0.25
+constraint: min
```
−# Arc-Flash Warning Labels {toc}
+### Device, compartment and unit nameplates inside a lineup, and the nameplates of disconnects, starters and small enclosures, shall be of a character height not less than that indicated in the datasheet.
−## Arc-flash warning labels shall be installed on switchboards, switchgear, panelboards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, motor control centers, and any other equipment likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized, in accordance with NEC 110.16(A) and NFPA 70E 130.5(H).
−
−## The content of each arc-flash label is the output of the arc-flash study performed under [[sync/arc-flash-study]]; this standard governs the physical label. {note}
−
−## Label Content {toc}
−
−### Arc-flash labels shall include the following at a minimum, as required by NFPA 70E 130.5(H):
−
−- A signal word ("WARNING" or "DANGER") and the arc-flash hazard pictogram per ANSI Z535.4
−- The nominal system voltage
−- The arc-flash boundary, in feet or inches
−- One of (a) the available incident energy and the corresponding working distance, (b) the minimum arc rating of clothing, or (c) the site-specific level of PPE
−- The equipment designation matching the one-line diagram
−- The date of the arc-flash analysis
−
```datasheet
−label: Arc-Flash Label Content Format
−type: radio
+label: Device and Compartment Nameplate Character Height
+type: range
+unit: in
options:
− - "Incident energy at working distance (calorie-based, IEEE 1584 / NFPA 70E 130.5(H)(2))"
− - "PPE category (NFPA 70E Table 130.7(C)(15) method)"
−default: "Incident energy at working distance (calorie-based, IEEE 1584 / NFPA 70E 130.5(H)(2))"
+ min: 0.125
+ max: 0.5
+ setpoints: [0.125, 0.1875, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5]
+default: 0.1875
+constraint: min
```
−### Incident-energy-based labels are the project default. {note}
+### A 1/2 in designation reads from the working clearance in front of the equipment and from the room door, and 1/4 in secondary lines and 3/16 in device nameplates read from the working position without stooping; these are the heights most nameplate schedules carry, which is why they are the defaults. A larger designation is specified in a high-bay room, on outdoor equipment read from a walkway, and on equipment above eye level; a smaller device nameplate is accepted only where the device face has no room for 3/16 in characters, and the panel schedule then carries the full text. {note}
−### The PPE-category method is acceptable only when the arc-flash study has not been performed and the equipment falls within the table parameters of NFPA 70E 130.7(C)(15)(a); the two methods shall not be mixed on the same equipment.
+### Nameplate layout shall place the equipment designation alone on the first line and the remaining information on the lines below in the same order on every nameplate of the project.
−### For service equipment subject to NEC 110.24, the available fault current and the date the value was established shall additionally appear on the label or on a separate label adjacent to the arc-flash label.
+## Nameplate Attachment {toc}
−## Label Format {toc}
+### Nameplates shall be attached by the method indicated in the datasheet, except where a clause of this standard requires a different method at a location.
−### The arc-flash label shall use the ANSI Z535.4 format with the signal word header, the pictogram, the hazard statement, and the data block.
−
−### The signal word "WARNING" applies where incident energy is below 40 cal/cm² at the working distance; "DANGER" applies above 40 cal/cm² where the hazard is severe enough that no normal PPE is sufficient.
−
−### The arc-flash study report shall specify the signal word for each label.
−
−### Label Material Selection {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Arc-Flash Label Material
−type: radio
+label: Nameplate Attachment Method
+type: select
options:
− - "Adhesive vinyl, UL 969 listed, full-color thermal transfer"
− - "Engraved laminated phenolic with applied color pictogram"
−default: "Adhesive vinyl, UL 969 listed, full-color thermal transfer"
+ - "Stainless steel self-tapping screws or drive rivets"
+ - "Stainless steel screws or rivets with a pressure-sensitive adhesive backing"
+ - "High-bond acrylic foam adhesive only"
+ - "Equipment manufacturer's nameplate holder or nameplate recess"
+default: "Stainless steel self-tapping screws or drive rivets"
```
−#### Adhesive vinyl thermal-transfer labels are the default because they permit full-color reproduction of the ANSI Z535.4 pictogram and are economical to reprint when the study is updated. {note}
+### Screws or rivets hold a nameplate for the life of the equipment through the heat cycling of an electrical room and the sun of an outdoor enclosure, which is why they are the default on distribution equipment; they need a hole, which is the reason they are forbidden where a hole would void a listing or a rating. Fasteners with an adhesive backing hold the plate flat during installation and keep it in place if a screw loosens, at a small added cost. High-bond foam adhesive alone needs no hole and is the attachment on a glass window, a plastic deadfront and an enclosure whose rating a hole would compromise, and it holds only on a clean smooth surface within the adhesive's temperature rating, failing first on a hot or outdoor enclosure. A manufacturer's holder or recess is the attachment where the equipment provides one, and it holds the standard plate the manufacturer sizes it for. {note}
−#### Engraved phenolic arc-flash labels are appropriate where the equipment environment exceeds the adhesive's UL 969 listing. {note}
+### Fasteners shall not penetrate into the wiring space of an enclosure, shall not reduce the clearance to any live part, and shall not interfere with a door, latch, hinge or cover.
−## Label Location {toc}
+### Nameplates on an enclosure rated NEMA Type 3R, 4, 4X or 12 shall be attached by adhesive, by the manufacturer's provision, or by fasteners with sealing washers in a manner the enclosure manufacturer states keeps the enclosure's rating, and no nameplate fastener shall be driven through the top or a gasketed surface of such an enclosure.
−### Arc-flash labels shall be located on the front of the equipment, on or immediately adjacent to the door or cover that a worker would open to perform energized work.
+### Nameplates on a drawout unit, a removable door or a cover that can be fitted in another position shall be attached to the stationary structure beside the unit, door or cover, or to both the structure and the removable part, so that the identification stays with the position.
−### Where multiple working distances apply (e.g., front and rear of switchgear), a label shall be provided at each location.
+### A nameplate attached to a bucket door alone travels with the bucket when buckets are swapped, and the next technician reads the wrong motor on the door in front of a different starter; the structure nameplate is the one that stays true. {note}
−### Labels shall not be located on removable parts that can be reinstalled in the wrong orientation.
+### Adhesive-attached nameplates and labels shall be applied to a surface cleaned of oil, dust, overspray and protective film, dry, and within the application temperature range the adhesive manufacturer states, with the plate pressed to the surface for the dwell time that manufacturer states.
−# Voltage-Class Color Coding {toc}
+# Equipment Identification Nameplates {toc}
−## The voltage-class color coding established in the Color Code Schema section shall be applied consistently to nameplates and to conductor identification throughout the project.
+## Nameplate Content {toc}
−## The same schema shall govern any field-applied colored marking on conduit, junction box covers, and gutter dividers.
+### Every item of electrical distribution equipment, including each switchgear and switchboard lineup, each panelboard, each motor control center, each transformer, each transfer switch, each generator, each drive, each disconnect, each enclosed overcurrent device and each separately enclosed starter or contactor, shall carry a field-applied equipment nameplate on its front, readable without opening a door or removing a cover.
−# Conductor Identification {toc}
+### Each equipment nameplate shall state the equipment designation and the source from which the equipment is fed, with the source named by its designation and its location, in accordance with NFPA 70 408.4(B) for switchboards, switchgear and panelboards and with NFPA 70 110.22(A) for every disconnecting means.
−## Grounded (Neutral) Conductors {toc}
+### In addition to the designation and the source, each equipment nameplate shall state the items indicated in the datasheet, in the text listed on the nameplate schedule.
−### Grounded conductors of 6 AWG and smaller shall be identified by a continuous white or gray outer finish along the entire length, in accordance with NEC 200.6(A).
+```datasheet
+label: Equipment Nameplate Content Beyond Designation and Source
+type: checkbox
+options:
+ - "System voltage with the number of phases and wires"
+ - "Main bus, frame or continuous current rating"
+ - "Main device rating where a main is furnished"
+ - "Short-circuit current rating of the assembly"
+ - "System served, where other than normal power"
+ - "Load served, for a disconnect, starter, drive, transformer or transfer switch"
+ - "Control voltage, where the equipment has a control circuit"
+ - "Transformer kVA with primary and secondary voltages"
+default:
+ - "System voltage with the number of phases and wires"
+ - "Main bus, frame or continuous current rating"
+ - "Main device rating where a main is furnished"
+ - "Short-circuit current rating of the assembly"
+ - "System served, where other than normal power"
+ - "Load served, for a disconnect, starter, drive, transformer or transfer switch"
+constraint: all_of
+```
−### Grounded conductors larger than 6 AWG are permitted to be identified at terminations by white or gray marking that encircles the conductor, in accordance with NEC 200.6(B).
+### Where a product standard in this library lists the content of the nameplate on its equipment, that list governs for that equipment and is added to the content selected here, and the nameplate schedule carries the union of the two.
−### Where multiple grounded conductors of different systems are present in the same raceway or enclosure, each shall be identified to distinguish the system; one system may use white, the other gray or white with a colored stripe other than green.
+### The source on a nameplate is the designation and the room of the overcurrent device that feeds the equipment, not the name of the room the equipment stands in; a nameplate that reads a designation alone satisfies no one at 2 a.m., and NFPA 70 408.4(B) is the rule that puts the source on it. {note}
−## Equipment Grounding Conductors {toc}
+### Each device, compartment, unit and section inside a lineup, including each breaker, each switch, each starter unit, each drive unit, each feeder tap and each cable compartment door, shall carry a device nameplate stating the device designation and the load it serves, matching the one-line diagram, in the text listed on the nameplate schedule.
−### Equipment grounding conductors of 6 AWG and smaller shall be identified by continuous green or green-with-one-or-more-yellow-stripes insulation, or shall be bare, in accordance with NEC 250.119.
+### A spare device shall carry a device nameplate reading SPARE, a prepared space shall carry one reading SPACE, and no device nameplate shall read FUTURE or any other word that leaves the status of the position open.
−### Conductors larger than 6 AWG are permitted to be re-identified at terminations by stripping the insulation or by applying green marking that encircles the conductor.
+### A breaker marked SPARE is one the next electrician loads without research, and one marked FUTURE is one that sends them looking for a drawing that no longer exists; the two words are a status, and the status is kept current with the directory. {note}
−## Ungrounded (Phase) Conductors {toc}
+## Disconnecting Means Identification {toc}
−### Branch-circuit ungrounded conductors of more than one nominal voltage system in the same premises shall be identified by phase or line and by system, in accordance with NEC 210.5(C).
+### Each disconnecting means shall be marked to indicate its purpose, naming the equipment it disconnects and the source that feeds it, in accordance with NFPA 70 110.22(A), and the marking shall not read only DISCONNECT, SWITCH or a device designation.
−### The same requirement applies to feeders per NEC 215.12(C).
+### A motor disconnect shall name the motor and the driven equipment, and a disconnect for a utilization appliance shall name the appliance, in each case by the designation the mechanical or process schedules give it.
−### The identification method shall be posted at each branch-circuit panelboard.
+### Where a transformer's disconnecting means is not within sight of the transformer, the location of the disconnecting means shall be field marked on the transformer, in accordance with NFPA 70 450.14, and where any other equipment's disconnecting means is permitted out of sight by the article that governs that equipment, the same marking shall be applied to that equipment.
−### Phase Identification Schema {toc}
+### Where a disconnect is one of a group, its marking shall distinguish it from the others of the group so that it can be identified without operating it.
−```datasheet
−label: Phase Identification Schema
−type: text
−default: |
− 208Y/120V system — Phase A: Black, Phase B: Red, Phase C: Blue, Neutral: White
− 480Y/277V system — Phase A: Brown, Phase B: Orange, Phase C: Yellow, Neutral: Gray
− High-leg delta (where used) — High leg: Orange (NEC 110.15)
− Isolated systems and DC — Per project drawings
−```
+# Circuit Directories {toc}
−```datasheet
−label: Phase Identification Method
−type: radio
−options:
− - "Colored insulation for full conductor length (6 AWG and smaller)"
− - "Colored phase tape at all terminations and junction boxes (larger than 6 AWG)"
− - "Combination — colored insulation where available, tape elsewhere"
−default: "Combination — colored insulation where available, tape elsewhere"
−```
+## Every panelboard, every switchboard and switchgear lineup and every motor control center shall carry a circuit directory that identifies the load served by each device and the use of each spare and space, in accordance with NFPA 70 408.4(A), in the form indicated in the datasheet.
−### Phase tape shall be vinyl electrical tape rated for the conductor's operating temperature and shall be applied so that the tape encircles the conductor for a minimum of three full wraps at every termination and at every accessible junction box, pull box, and gutter.
−
−### Tape that has become brittle, faded, or partially detached shall be replaced.
−
−### A half-wrapped or peeling phase tape is functionally no tape at all. {note}
−
−## Conductor Tagging at Terminations {toc}
−
−### Feeder conductors shall be additionally tagged at each end with a conductor identification tag indicating the circuit designation and, where useful for maintenance, the destination.
−
−### Tags shall be attached with non-conductive tie wraps or with stamped metal or laminated paper-and-mylar tags rated for the temperature of the termination compartment.
−
−### Feeder Conductor Tag Material {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Feeder Conductor Tag Material
−type: radio
+label: Circuit Directory Form
+type: select
options:
− - "Stamped laminated paper-and-mylar tag with nylon tie"
− - "Stamped stainless steel tag with stainless wire"
− - "Heat-shrink printed sleeve"
−default: "Stamped laminated paper-and-mylar tag with nylon tie"
+ - "Printed card in the manufacturer's directory holder inside the door"
+ - "Printed card under a clear rigid cover fastened to the door face"
+ - "Engraved laminated plastic directory plate fastened to the door face"
+ - "Printed laminated card adhered inside the door"
+default: "Printed card in the manufacturer's directory holder inside the door"
```
−# Conduit Identification {toc}
+## The printed card in the holder the manufacturer builds into the door is the directory of most panelboards, because it is reprinted from the record file and slid in when a circuit changes, which is why it is the default; a card under a clear cover on the door face is read without opening the door and suits a switchboard or motor control center whose directory is long; an engraved plate cannot be altered without a new plate, which some Owners want on life-safety equipment and which costs a plate at every circuit change; a laminated card adhered inside the door is the lowest cost and the one that is torn off and replaced with handwriting first. {note}
−## Conduit identification is not required for all installations, but it is strongly recommended in concealed above-ceiling areas, in shared utility spaces, in electrical rooms with multiple systems, and for emergency, fire alarm, and security circuits in all locations. {note}
+## Each circuit description shall identify the load by its type and by the room number or area it serves, and a circuit serving a single item of equipment shall name that equipment by its schedule designation, so that the load is identifiable with specificity from the directory alone.
−## Where conduit identification is required by the contract documents, it shall follow the project color schema.
+## A description reading LIGHTS or RECEPTACLES with no location shall not be accepted, and a description shall not depend on a transient condition of occupancy, such as a tenant's name, where a room number or a permanent area name exists.
−## Conduit Identification Requirements {toc}
+## Each spare device shall be entered as SPARE and each prepared space as SPACE, and no position in the directory shall be left blank.
−```datasheet
−label: Conduit Identification Required
−type: checkbox
−options:
− - "All conduits in electrical rooms"
− - "All above-ceiling concealed conduits"
− - "Emergency system conduits, all locations"
− - "Fire alarm system conduits, all locations"
− - "Security system conduits, all locations"
− - "Medium-voltage conduits, all locations"
− - "Not required (general normal-system raceways in concealed spaces)"
−default:
− - "Emergency system conduits, all locations"
−```
+## The directory shall be machine printed in a font not smaller than the size indicated in the datasheet, and no directory or correction shall be handwritten.
```datasheet
−label: Conduit Identification Method
−type: radio
+label: Circuit Directory Font Size
+type: range
+unit: pt
options:
− - "Colored vinyl tape bands at 20-ft intervals and within 3 ft of penetrations, junction boxes, and terminations"
− - "Painted conduit (continuous color, system bands at intervals)"
− - "Stenciled marking with system designation at intervals"
−default: "Colored vinyl tape bands at 20-ft intervals and within 3 ft of penetrations, junction boxes, and terminations"
+ min: 8
+ max: 14
+ setpoints: [8, 10, 12, 14]
+default: 10
+constraint: min
```
−## Identification Method Selection {toc}
+## A 10 point font fills a 42-circuit card in the standard holder and reads without a light, which is why it is the default; 8 point is accepted only where a dense switchboard directory would otherwise run to two cards, and 12 or 14 point is specified where the directory is read from the door face at a distance or by a maintenance staff who have asked for it. {note}
−### Banded vinyl tape is the default identification method because it can be applied in the field at any time, does not interfere with conduit support or fittings, and is economical to renew. {note}
+## The directory shall be completed from the circuits as verified at testing under the equipment's standard, and not from the design panel schedule, and shall be installed before the equipment is turned over.
−### Painted conduit may be required by the Owner for emergency or fire-alarm systems where a continuously colored raceway aids recognition.
+## Where a circuit is reassigned during construction or during the warranty period while the Contractor is on site, the Contractor shall reprint and reinstall the directory, and shall deliver the revised record file.
−### Where painted, the paint shall be compatible with the conduit finish and shall not be applied across listed identification marks.
+## Where a panelboard supplies a healthcare essential electrical system branch or a separately identified section, the directory shall identify the branch or the section each device belongs to as [[sync/healthcare-essential-electrical-systems]] requires.
−# Panel Directories {toc}
+# Safety Signs and Field Markings {toc}
−## Every panelboard shall be provided with a circuit directory mounted on the inside of the deadfront door, in accordance with NEC 408.4(A).
+## Sign Format and Stock {toc}
−## The directory shall be typed (not handwritten) and shall describe the load served by each circuit with sufficient detail that the load can be readily identified.
+### Every field-applied hazard marking under this standard, including the arc-flash warning label, shall be laid out in the ANSI Z535.4 format with a signal word panel, the safety alert symbol where the signal word is DANGER, WARNING or CAUTION, a message panel, and a pictorial where one is prescribed, and shall be of a stock durable for the environment of its location, in accordance with NFPA 70 110.21(B).
−## Generic descriptions such as "lights" or "receptacles" are not acceptable for a panel directory and shall be replaced with descriptions that identify the location and the load.
+### The signal word panel shall carry the signal word in the colors ANSI Z535.1 assigns it: white on safety red for DANGER, black on safety orange for WARNING, black on safety yellow for CAUTION, and white on safety blue for NOTICE.
−## Circuit Directory Format {toc}
+### No hazard marking shall be handwritten, and a field-entered value on a hazard marking shall be entered with a permanent marker of the type the label manufacturer's listing covers, only in a field the printed label provides for it.
−```datasheet
−label: Circuit Directory Format
−type: radio
−options:
− - "Typed legend in clear plastic protective sleeve, computer-printed"
− - "Engraved phenolic directory plate, mechanically attached"
− - "Manufacturer-supplied directory card, typed"
−default: "Typed legend in clear plastic protective sleeve, computer-printed"
−```
+### Safety signs, other than the arc-flash label, shall be of the stock indicated in the datasheet.
−## Circuit Descriptions {toc}
−
−### Each circuit description shall identify the load by reference to the room number or the equipment designation served.
−
−### Spare and space provisions shall be identified as "SPARE" (a breaker is installed) or "SPACE" (no breaker installed, bus stab available); these provisions shall not be left blank or labeled with placeholders such as "future."
−
−### NEC 408.4(A) requires the directory to be revised when circuits are reassigned, and the Contractor shall reprint and reinstall the directory when the as-installed assignments differ from the original.
−
−### Circuit Description Detail {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Circuit Description Detail
−type: checkbox
+label: Safety Sign Stock
+type: select
options:
− - "Load type (lights, receptacles, equipment)"
− - "Room number or area served"
− - "Specific equipment designation (where applicable)"
− - "Phase and pole indication (for multi-pole breakers)"
−default:
− - "Load type (lights, receptacles, equipment)"
+ - "Printed polyester label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+ - "Printed vinyl label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+ - "Engraved laminated plastic plate in ANSI Z535 colors"
+ - "Printed aluminum sign, mechanically fastened"
+default: "Printed polyester label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
```
−## Directory Record Copy {toc}
+### A polyester label with an overlaminate is printed in the ANSI Z535 colors on demand, carries a UL 969 listing for most indoor and sheltered outdoor exposures, and is the stock of most safety signs on electrical equipment, which is why it is the default; vinyl conforms to a curved or textured surface and is the stock chosen for a small or rounded enclosure, with a shorter life in sunlight than polyester; an engraved plate reproduces the signal word colors in the laminate's core and face and survives wash-down and abuse, and it carries no pictorial unless one is engraved; a printed aluminum sign is the stock of an outdoor switchyard, a generator yard and a rooftop, mechanically fastened, and is the costliest per sign. {note}
−### A copy of the as-installed circuit directory shall be included in the closeout O&M documentation.
+## Signs Required on Equipment {toc}
−### The Engineer shall confirm at final inspection that the panel directory in each enclosure matches the record copy.
+### Each item of service equipment, each meter disconnect, each emergency disconnect and each additional service, feeder or branch circuit supplying the building shall carry the markings and the plaque NFPA 70 230.2(E), 230.70(B) and 230.85 require, in the wording and at the locations [[sync/electrical-service-entrance]] requires, with the sign made under this standard.
−# Disconnecting-Means Identification {toc}
+### Where a building or structure is supplied by more than one power source, including a utility service and an interactive inverter, an energy storage system, a generator or a stand-alone source, a permanent plaque or directory shall be installed at each service equipment location and at each point of interconnection, denoting every power source on or in the premises and the location of each source's disconnecting means, in accordance with NFPA 70 705.10 and 710.10.
−## NEC 110.22(A) requires that each disconnecting means be legibly marked to indicate its purpose unless located and arranged so the purpose is evident.
+### Where an emergency power source is installed, a sign shall be placed at the service entrance equipment indicating the type and location of each on-site emergency power source, in accordance with NFPA 70 700.7(A), and the corresponding signs NFPA 70 701.7 and 702.7 require shall be placed where a legally required or an optional standby source is installed.
−## In practice, the purpose is rarely self-evident and the marking is always required. {note}
+### Where a photovoltaic system or an energy storage system is installed, each disconnecting means and the point of interconnection shall carry the markings NFPA 70 690.13 and 706.15 require, with the content [[sync/photovoltaic-systems]] and [[sync/battery-energy-storage-systems]] require and the sign made under this standard.
−## The disconnect identification shall name the equipment disconnected, not merely "disconnect" or "switch."
+### Where a backfed overcurrent device is connected to a power source output, the device shall carry the warning marking NFPA 70 705.12 requires, stating that the device is a power source output connection and is not to be relocated.
−## For motor disconnects, the label shall identify the motor designation and the equipment it drives (e.g., "AHU-3 SUPPLY FAN MOTOR").
+### Where the system relies on a series-rated combination of overcurrent devices, the equipment enclosure shall be field-marked to indicate that it has been applied with a series combination rating and that identified replacement components are required, in accordance with NFPA 70 110.22(B) and 110.22(C) and 240.86, with the rating as [[sync/short-circuit-study]] states it.
−## For appliance and equipment disconnects, the label shall identify the appliance or equipment (e.g., "RTU-2 ROOFTOP UNIT").
+### Where an ungrounded system is installed, the source or the first disconnecting means of the system shall be marked with the caution NFPA 70 250.21(C) prescribes, stating that the system is ungrounded and the voltage between conductors.
−## Where a service or feeder disconnecting means is part of a group of disconnects, the marking shall identify each one to distinguish it from the others, in accordance with NEC 230.70(B) for services.
+### Where a high-leg delta system is installed, the equipment at which the high leg terminates shall be marked at the high-leg terminal with the phase voltage to ground, in accordance with NFPA 70 408.3(F)(1), in addition to the orange identification of the conductor that [[sync/electrical-identification]] requires.
−## Where the system has more than one source (e.g., utility plus generator with parallel operation), the marking shall indicate the multiple sources per NEC 705.10 or NEC 706.
+### Where equipment operating at more than 1000 V is installed, each enclosure and each entrance to it shall carry the warning sign NFPA 70 110.34(C) prescribes.
−# Spare and Space Identification {toc}
+### Each marking in this article is triggered by a condition of the one-line diagram, and none of them is a datasheet choice: a project with one utility service and no on-site source carries none of the source plaques, and a project with a generator, an inverter and a series-rated panelboard carries all of them. The Contractor reads the triggers from the reviewed one-line diagram and the study reports, and the nameplate schedule lists each sign the triggers call for. {note}
−## Panelboards, switchboards, and motor control centers shall identify spare breakers, starters, and spaces in the circuit directory and at the device itself.
+# Arc-Flash Warning Labels {toc}
−## A spare breaker shall be left in the OFF position and shall be labeled "SPARE" on the deadfront and in the directory.
+## Label Product {toc}
−## A space (no device installed) shall be labeled "SPACE."
+### An arc-flash warning label shall be applied to each item of equipment the label schedule delivered under [[sync/arc-flash-study]] lists, in accordance with NFPA 70 110.16(A), printed with the content, the values, the operating states and the signal word that schedule states for the bus, and no label under this standard shall state an arc-flash value from any other source.
−## Generic, ambiguous, or aspirational labels (e.g., "future load," "available") shall not be used.
+### The arc-flash label shall be of the stock indicated in the datasheet.
−## A breaker labeled "spare" can be safely loaded by an electrician without further investigation, whereas a breaker labeled "future load" requires the electrician to research what was once planned, often years after the fact, and frequently leads to incorrect assignment. {note}
+```datasheet
+label: Arc-Flash Label Stock
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Printed polyester label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+ - "Printed vinyl label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+ - "Engraved laminated plastic plate with a printed insert under a clear window"
+ - "Printed aluminum or stainless steel plate, mechanically fastened"
+default: "Printed polyester label with overlaminate, pressure-sensitive"
+```
−# System Identification {toc}
+### A polyester label with an overlaminate prints the signal word colors and the pictorial in one pass, is reprinted when the study is revised, and lasts the review interval of the study in a conditioned or sheltered location, which is why it is the default; vinyl conforms to a curved enclosure and fades sooner in sunlight; an engraved plate with a window holds a printed insert that is swapped at each study revision while the plate and its fasteners stay, and suits a wash-down area; a printed metal plate is the product of an outdoor switchyard or a rooftop, where an adhesive label fails within a few seasons, and it is replaced whole at each revision. {note}
−## System identification labels distinguish equipment supplying or supplied by special systems — emergency, legally required standby, optional standby, critical / essential branch (in healthcare), fire alarm, security, and any other system requiring identification per the contract documents or the applicable code. {note}
+### The data block of the arc-flash label shall be printed in characters not smaller than the height indicated in the datasheet, and the signal word in characters not smaller than twice that height.
−## Systems Requiring Identification {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Systems Requiring Identification on Project
−type: checkbox
+label: Arc-Flash Label Data Block Character Height
+type: range
+unit: in
options:
− - "Normal power"
− - "Emergency (NEC Article 700)"
− - "Legally required standby (NEC Article 701)"
− - "Optional standby (NEC Article 702)"
− - "Critical / essential branch (NEC Article 517 — healthcare)"
− - "Fire alarm (NFPA 72)"
− - "Security"
− - "Photovoltaic / energy storage (NEC Articles 690, 706)"
− - "DC and uninterruptible power systems"
−default: "Normal power"
+ min: 0.09375
+ max: 0.25
+ setpoints: [0.09375, 0.125, 0.1875, 0.25]
+default: 0.125
+constraint: min
```
−## System Labeling Requirements {toc}
+### A 1/8 in data block reads from the working distance the label itself states, and fits the values on the label sizes the stock manufacturers supply, which is why it is the default; 3/32 in fits a label on a small enclosure at the limit of legibility, and 3/16 in or 1/4 in is specified where the label is read from the floor on equipment mounted high or behind a barrier. {note}
−### Emergency system equipment, including transfer switches, panelboards, and feeder raceways, shall be identified per NEC 700.10(A) so that they are readily identifiable as components of the emergency system.
+### The equipment designation and the bus identifier printed on the arc-flash label shall match the designation on the equipment nameplate and the line of the label schedule the label was printed from, so that a label can be traced to the schedule that produced it.
−### The fire alarm identification follows NFPA 72 and uses red as the standard color for raceways and junction boxes serving the fire alarm system.
+## Interim Labeling and Replacement {toc}
−### Healthcare critical/essential branch circuits shall be identified per NEC 517.
+### Where equipment is energized before the final study values are available, the equipment shall be labeled as indicated in the datasheet.
−### Where a transfer switch supplies both normal and emergency loads, or where multiple sources connect to a single bus (parallel generator, photovoltaic interconnection per NEC 705), each source shall be identified at its connection point and the equipment shall additionally carry a "MULTIPLE SOURCES" warning sign per NEC 705.10.
−
−# Label material shall match the environment and the criticality of the label.
−
−# Engraved laminated phenolic ("micarta") is the default for distribution equipment nameplates because it is durable, color-stable, machine-engravable to consistent depth, and economical to replace. {note}
−
−# Adhesive vinyl labels are the default for arc-flash warning labels (because of the need for full-color pictograms), for junction box covers, and for conduit identification. {note}
−
−# Nameplate and Label Material Selection {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Distribution Equipment Nameplate Material
+label: Arc-Flash Label Before the Study Is Final
type: radio
options:
− - "Engraved laminated phenolic (3-ply, color core)"
− - "Engraved anodized aluminum"
− - "Engraved stainless steel"
−default: "Engraved laminated phenolic (3-ply, color core)"
+ - "Generic arc-flash warning label at energization, replaced by the study label"
+ - "No energization until the study label is installed"
+default: "Generic arc-flash warning label at energization, replaced by the study label"
```
−```datasheet
−label: Junction Box and Cover Label Material
−type: radio
−options:
− - "Adhesive vinyl, UL 969 listed, indoor"
− - "Adhesive vinyl, UL 969 listed, outdoor / UV-resistant"
− - "Engraved laminated phenolic, mechanically attached"
−default: "Adhesive vinyl, UL 969 listed, indoor"
−```
+### A generic warning per NFPA 70 110.16(A) at energization, replaced by the study label when the values arrive, is what most projects do, because the study's settings are verified only after the equipment is installed and energized, which is why it is the default; holding energization until the study label is on the door is the rule of an Owner whose safety program forbids a generic label and of a project whose study is finished before equipment delivery, at the cost of a schedule dependency on the study. {note}
+### Where a generic label is installed, it shall carry the signal word WARNING, the arc-flash pictorial and the instruction to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, shall carry no numeric value, and shall be removed when the study label is installed.
+
+### The final arc-flash labels shall be installed within the number of days indicated in the datasheet after the Contractor receives the final label schedule, and in every case before substantial completion.
+
```datasheet
−label: Conduit Identification Material
−type: radio
+label: Days to Install Final Arc-Flash Labels After Receipt of the Label Schedule
+type: range
+unit: days
options:
− - "Vinyl electrical tape, system color, UL listed"
− - "Pre-printed wraparound conduit markers, UL 969 listed"
− - "Stenciled paint with system color"
−default: "Vinyl electrical tape, system color, UL listed"
+ min: 7
+ max: 90
+ setpoints: [7, 14, 30, 60, 90]
+default: 30
+constraint: max
```
−# Engraved Phenolic Construction {toc}
+### Thirty days covers printing, the submittal of the printed sample and a site visit to every piece of equipment on most projects, which is why it is the default; a shorter period is set where the Owner occupies before the study arrives, and a longer one where a campus study covers hundreds of buses and the labels are installed building by building. {note}
−## Engraved phenolic nameplates shall be three-ply construction with a color-contrasting core, engraved through the surface ply to expose the core color.
+## Label Location {toc}
−## Engraving shall be sharp, of uniform depth, and without burrs or chipping.
+### Each arc-flash label shall be placed on the front of the equipment, on or beside the door or cover a worker opens to perform the task the study rates, where it is read before that door or cover is opened, and at each other face, section or compartment of the equipment for which the label schedule lists a separate label.
−## Adhesive-backed phenolic nameplates shall not be used for distribution equipment; adhesive-only attachment is permitted only for junction box covers, raceway markers, and other secondary applications.
+### Arc-flash labels shall not be placed on a removable cover that can be refitted elsewhere, on a drawout unit, or where a door in its open position hides the label of the adjacent section.
−# Attachment {toc}
+# Available Fault Current Marking {toc}
−## Attachment Method Selection {toc}
+## The maximum available fault current and the date it was calculated shall be field-marked on each item of service equipment other than one supplying a dwelling unit, in accordance with NFPA 70 110.24(A), with the value and the date that [[sync/short-circuit-study]] states, in the form indicated in the datasheet.
```datasheet
−label: Nameplate Attachment Method — Distribution Equipment
+label: Available Fault Current Marking Form
type: radio
options:
− - "Mechanical fasteners (self-tapping screws or pop rivets), stainless steel"
− - "Mechanical fasteners with industrial double-sided foam tape backup"
− - "Industrial double-sided foam tape only"
− - "Manufacturer-supplied snap-in nameplate holders"
−default: "Mechanical fasteners (self-tapping screws or pop rivets), stainless steel"
+ - "Separate label beside the equipment nameplate"
+ - "Field on the arc-flash warning label"
+ - "Line on the equipment nameplate"
```
−### Mechanical fasteners are the default attachment for nameplates on distribution equipment because adhesive alone is unreliable over the multi-decade life of the equipment, particularly in heated electrical rooms and outdoor enclosures. {note}
+## A separate label is revised under NFPA 70 110.24(B) without touching the nameplate or the arc-flash label, and it is read by the inspector who looks for it beside the nameplate; a field on the arc-flash label keeps the two study values on one sign and is revised with it; a line on the engraved nameplate is permanent until the nameplate is replaced, which an Owner who re-engraves at every modification accepts and others do not. No form is the norm across projects, so the field carries no default; the one condition that decides it is how the Owner intends to revise the value after a service modification. {note}
−### Fasteners shall be selected so that they do not penetrate any energized component, do not compromise the NEMA rating of the enclosure, and do not interfere with the operation of doors, latches, or hinges.
+## The available fault current marking shall be of a stock that lasts in the environment of the service equipment under the Environmental and Service Conditions of this standard, and shall carry the signal word NOTICE where it is a separate label in the ANSI Z535.4 format.
−## Manufacturer Provisions and Adhesive Attachment {toc}
+## Where [[sync/electrical-service-entrance]] requires the marking of NFPA 70 110.16(B) on service equipment rated 1200 A or more, that marking shall be made on the arc-flash label or on a separate label of the same stock, and shall not duplicate a value already printed on the arc-flash label of the same equipment.
−### Where the equipment manufacturer provides a snap-in nameplate holder or an engraved nameplate area, the manufacturer's provision shall be used and supplementary fasteners are not required.
+# Emergency and Standby System Equipment Marking {toc}
−### Where fasteners are not feasible (for example, on glass viewing windows or on plastic deadfronts of small panelboards), industrial double-sided foam tape may be used; the tape shall be selected for the surface energy of the substrate and the operating temperature of the location.
+## Each transfer switch, generator, panelboard, enclosure and other item of equipment of an emergency system shall be permanently marked so that it is readily identified as a component of the emergency system, in accordance with NFPA 70 700.10(A), and the equipment of a legally required standby system, an optional standby system and a critical operations power system shall be marked as NFPA 70 Articles 701, 702 and 708 respectively require, in the form indicated in the datasheet.
−### Adhesive vinyl labels shall be applied to clean, dry, smooth surfaces in accordance with the label manufacturer's instructions, including the manufacturer's specified minimum application temperature.
−
−# Letter Heights and Layout {toc}
−
−## Letter height shall be selected so that the label is legible from the position a worker normally occupies when interacting with the equipment.
−
−## The defaults below are appropriate for most distribution equipment installations; the Engineer may increase letter heights for equipment in large rooms or at elevated heights.
−
−## Letter Height and Dimension Schedules {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Letter Heights
−type: text
−default: |
− Equipment designation (top line of nameplate): 1/2 in (12 mm)
− Voltage, ampere rating, source: 3/8 in (9 mm)
− Body text on nameplate: 1/4 in (6 mm)
− Arc-flash label signal word ("WARNING"/"DANGER"): per ANSI Z535.4 (typ 1/2 in (12 mm))
− Arc-flash label data block text: 1/8 in (3 mm) minimum
− Panel circuit directory text: 10-point font minimum, typed
− Conductor and conduit identification: per material as installed
+label: Emergency and Standby Equipment Marking Form
+type: select
+options:
+ - "Equipment nameplate in the system color, naming the system"
+ - "Separate system label beside the equipment nameplate"
+ - "Equipment nameplate in the system color and a separate system label"
```
−```datasheet
−label: Nameplate Minimum Dimensions
−type: text
−default: |
− Switchgear/switchboard master nameplate: 2 in x 6 in (50 mm x 150 mm)
− Switchgear/switchboard device nameplate: 1 in x 3 in (25 mm x 75 mm)
− Panelboard nameplate: 1 in x 4 in (25 mm x 100 mm)
− Transformer designation nameplate: 1.5 in x 4 in (38 mm x 100 mm)
− Disconnect nameplate: 1 in x 3 in (25 mm x 75 mm)
− Junction box label: sized to fit cover; 3/4 in (19 mm) minimum height
−```
+## A nameplate in the system color that names the system is one plate and is the form of most projects that color-code nameplates; a separate system label is added to a nameplate of the normal color where the Owner's convention keeps every nameplate the same color, and it is the only form available on equipment whose nameplate the manufacturer furnished; both together give the recognition of the color and the words of the label and are the form some healthcare and data center Owners require. The choice follows the nameplate color convention selected under this standard, so the field carries no default. {note}
−## Layout {toc}
+## The marking of the boxes and raceways of these systems is governed by [[sync/electrical-identification]], and the marking under this article is the one on the equipment enclosure. {note}
−### Nameplate layout shall place the equipment designation on the top line in the largest letter height, with secondary information (voltage, rating, source, system) on lines below.
+## Equipment of a healthcare essential electrical system shall be marked with the branch it serves as [[sync/healthcare-essential-electrical-systems]] requires, with the nameplate made under this standard.
−### Layout shall be consistent across the project so that an electrician reading any nameplate finds the same information in the same position.
−
# Installation {toc}
−## Sequencing {toc}
+## Sequence {toc}
−### Equipment nameplates shall be installed before the equipment is energized and the building is turned over to the Owner.
+### Equipment nameplates, device nameplates and the signs required on equipment shall be installed before the equipment is energized, and in every case before the equipment is turned over to the Owner.
−### Generic interim arc-flash labels per NEC 110.16 may be installed prior to the completion of the arc-flash study; final arc-flash labels shall be installed within 30 days of receipt of the arc-flash study deliverable.
+### Circuit directories shall be installed after the circuits have been verified at testing and before the equipment is turned over.
−### Conductor identification shall be applied as the conductors are installed; phase tape shall not be deferred to the energization punch list because once the equipment is loaded, identifying the conductors becomes a hazardous live activity.
+### The sequence puts the designation and the source on the door before the first person opens it energized, and leaves the directory until the circuits are real; a directory printed from the design schedule is the one the commissioning agent finds wrong. {note}
−### Panel directories shall be completed during commissioning, as the actual circuit assignments are verified.
+## Mounting Position {toc}
−### The directory shall not be filled in from the contract documents alone without verification of the as-installed condition.
+### The equipment nameplate on floor-standing equipment shall be mounted at the height above the finished floor indicated in the datasheet, measured to the centerline of the nameplate, and at the same height on every lineup, section and freestanding enclosure of the project.
−## Location {toc}
+```datasheet
+label: Equipment Nameplate Mounting Height
+type: range
+unit: in
+options:
+ min: 48
+ max: 72
+ setpoints: [48, 54, 60, 66, 72]
+default: 60
+constraint: exact
+```
−### Nameplates shall be located on the front of equipment in positions visible without opening doors or removing covers.
+### Sixty inches puts the nameplate at the eye level of a standing worker and above the handles and meters of most equipment fronts, and it is the height most projects use, which is why it is the default; a lower height is used where the equipment is short or the nameplate must clear a window, and a higher one where the equipment is read over a barrier or from a mezzanine. {note}
−### Nameplates on switchgear, switchboards, motor control centers, and panelboards shall be at a consistent height across the project — typically 60 in. (1500 mm) above the finished floor for the master nameplate, with device nameplates at the location of the device they identify.
+### The equipment nameplate on wall-mounted equipment shall be mounted on the front cover or door, centered near the top where the cover construction permits, and at a consistent position on like equipment.
−### Arc-flash labels shall be located adjacent to the operating handle or the door that a worker would open to perform energized work.
+### Device nameplates shall be mounted on or directly adjacent to the device, compartment or unit they identify, in a position that remains visible with the device in any operating position.
−### Labels shall not be placed on parts that are removed during the work the label is intended to govern.
+### Nameplates and labels shall be mounted level and square to the enclosure, shall not cover the manufacturer's nameplate, listing mark, rating marking or warning marking, and shall not cover a vent, a window, a meter, an indicator or an operating handle.
−## Surface Preparation {toc}
+### Where an existing label on reused equipment conflicts with a label under this standard, the Contractor shall remove the existing label, and no two labels stating different values for the same quantity shall remain on one enclosure.
−### Surfaces receiving adhesive labels shall be cleaned of oil, dust, paint overspray, and protective films, and shall be dry.
+### Two labels on one door that disagree about the source or the fault current leave the worker to guess which is current, and the guess is the hazard; the old label comes off when the new one goes on. {note}
−### Mounting surfaces for mechanically fastened nameplates shall be flat and clear of obstructions.
+# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
−### Where the nameplate covers an existing label, the existing label shall be removed if it is incorrect, or left in place if it provides additional information not duplicated by the new nameplate; conflicting labels shall not coexist.
+## Nameplates, labels and sign stock shall be delivered in the fabricator's packaging, each nameplate marked with its equipment designation from the nameplate schedule, and shall be checked on receipt against the schedule for text and quantity.
−## Avoidance of Damage {toc}
+## Pressure-sensitive label stock and adhesives shall be stored indoors within the temperature and humidity range and the shelf life the manufacturer states, and stock past its shelf life shall not be used.
−### Fasteners shall not penetrate energized components, conduit, or wiring within the enclosure.
+## Engraved nameplates shall be stored flat, protected from scratching and from solvents, and a nameplate with a chipped edge, a scratched face or a filled character that has lifted shall not be installed.
−### Self-tapping screws used to attach nameplates to enclosure exteriors shall not penetrate the interior wiring compartment.
+# Warranty {toc}
−### Where attachment of a nameplate would compromise the enclosure rating (e.g., on a NEMA 4 outdoor enclosure), the manufacturer-supplied nameplate provision shall be used, or adhesive attachment shall be substituted, in either case maintaining the enclosure rating.
+## The Contractor shall warrant every nameplate, label, directory and sign under this standard against fading, delamination, lifting, peeling, corrosion, loss of fill and loss of legibility, and against disagreement with the installation as turned over, for the period indicated in the datasheet, measured from the date of substantial completion.
−# Maintenance and Updates {toc}
−
−## Labels and panel directories shall be updated whenever the underlying installation changes.
−
−## When a circuit is reassigned within a panelboard, the directory shall be reprinted and replaced; handwritten changes shall not be added to a typed directory.
−
−## When the arc-flash study is updated (NFPA 70E requires review at intervals not exceeding five years, or upon a material change to the system), the arc-flash labels shall be replaced with labels reflecting the updated study.
−
−## Labels that have faded, peeled, become illegible, or no longer match the installation shall be replaced.
−
−## A label that is wrong is worse than no label, and routine maintenance inspections shall include a review of label condition and accuracy. {note}
−
−## Label Review Interval {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Label Review Interval
−type: select
+label: Label Warranty Period
+type: range
+unit: years
options:
− - "Annual review of all distribution equipment labels"
− - "Triennial review of all distribution equipment labels"
− - "Review at each arc-flash study update (5-year maximum)"
−default: "Review at each arc-flash study update (5-year maximum)"
+ min: 1
+ max: 5
+ setpoints: [1, 2, 3, 5]
+default: 1
+constraint: min
```
−## Owner Responsibility {toc}
+## One year is the general-conditions warranty and is what a label and nameplate package commonly carries, because the labels are a small part of a larger electrical warranty, which is why it is the default; two to five years is specified where the Owner has had adhesive labels fail in an unconditioned or outdoor location and wants the replacement cost on the Contractor through that exposure. {note}
−### The Owner is responsible for label maintenance after substantial completion.
+## A label that fails within the warranty period shall be replaced by the Contractor at no cost to the Owner, including a label whose failure is traced to a stock not rated for the conditions of its location that were known from the Contract Documents, and the replacement shall be of a stock rated for those conditions.
−### The Contractor shall provide spare label stock and the project label schedule in electronic, editable form so that the Owner can replace labels and update the panel directory after turnover without recreating the format.
+## A repair or replacement performed under this warranty shall itself be warranted for a full new term equal to the original period from the date the replacement is completed, or for the remainder of the original period, whichever ends later.
−# Delivery, Storage, and Handling {toc}
+# Spare Parts {toc}
−## Labels shall be delivered in the manufacturer's original packaging and shall be stored in a clean, dry location until installed.
+## The Contractor shall deliver blank nameplate stock of the selected material and each color scheme used, in the quantity indicated in the datasheet, together with the editable record nameplate schedule and record directories, so that the Owner can add or replace a nameplate to the project convention.
−## Adhesive labels shall be stored within the manufacturer's specified temperature and humidity range.
−
−## Adhesives can degrade in storage if exposed to extreme heat or freeze-thaw cycling, producing labels that fail prematurely after installation. {note}
−
−## Engraved phenolic and engraved metal nameplates shall be protected from scratching and from impact damage during transport and staging.
−
−## Nameplates with damaged surfaces or chipped engraving shall not be installed.
−
−# Warranty {toc}
−
−## Labels and signage shall be warranted by the Contractor against fading, peeling, illegibility, and adhesive failure for a period of one year from substantial completion.
−
−## Adhesive labels supplied under a UL 969 listing shall be warranted by the label manufacturer to perform within the listing's environmental parameters; the Contractor shall provide the manufacturer warranty documentation in the closeout submittals.
−
−## Label Warranty Period {toc}
−
```datasheet
−label: Label Warranty Period
−type: select
+label: Spare Blank Nameplates Delivered
+type: range
+unit: nameplates
options:
− - "1 year from substantial completion (Contractor)"
− - "1 year plus UL 969 manufacturer label warranty for adhesive labels"
− - "Extended (per contract documents)"
−default: "1 year plus UL 969 manufacturer label warranty for adhesive labels"
+ min: 0
+ max: 50
+ setpoints: [0, 5, 10, 20, 50]
+default: 10
+constraint: exact
```
−## Warranty Replacement {toc}
+## Ten blanks of each color cover the first few years of moved circuits and added disconnects on most projects and cost little, which is why they are the default; zero records that the Owner has its own engraving source, and a larger stock suits a campus or a plant with a maintenance shop that engraves its own. {note}
−### Where labels are found to be defective during the warranty period, the Contractor shall replace the defective labels at no cost to the Owner, including the labor to remove the failed label and install the replacement.
−
−### Where the failure is traced to environmental conditions exceeding the label's UL 969 listing, the Contractor and the Engineer shall coordinate selection of a replacement material rated for the actual conditions, and the replacement shall be performed at no cost to the Owner if the original selection failed to account for known conditions.
+## The Contractor shall deliver one unopened roll or pack of each pressure-sensitive label stock used for safety signs and arc-flash labels, so that a damaged sign can be reprinted to the same stock and listing.