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SynC · Editorial revision

Self-Adhering Sheet Waterproofing

Revision4
EditedOct 12, 2026
StatusCurrent
Contents

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Current revision. This is editorial revision 4, the current text of this standard. Read it on the standard's page.

SynC Standards Team — Specifier (Platform Standards) ✓ OfficialDiscloses employment SynC (SynC Platform Team)
Datasheet constraints: every range, checkbox and listbox field now states its direction

1 Scope

NOTE This standard governs the materials, substrate preparation, application, detailing, protection, testing, and warranty of sheet waterproofing membranes that bond to the substrate through a factory-applied adhesive compound and are installed cold, without hot asphalt, torch, or field-applied bonding adhesive. (1.1)
NOTE A self-adhered sheet arrives at a factory-controlled thickness and bonds fully to a prepared substrate, so a breach at one point cannot feed water laterally between membrane and substrate to a distant leak; the price of that bond is that every sheet edge is a field-made joint, and the compound grips only a substrate that is clean, dry, smooth, and warm enough for it to wet out. (1.2)
NOTE Laps, terminations, drains, penetrations, and the window between application and cover therefore carry the same weight in this standard as the membrane itself, because field investigations of deck leakage locate the breach at those conditions far more often than in the field of the sheet. (1.3)
NOTE The applications within this standard share one logic: the membrane is buried under something else and never sees traffic or weather in service. A plaza or split-slab deck buries it under a protection course, a drainage layer, and a wearing slab, pavers, or soil; an interior wet area buries it under a mortar bed or topping slab; a steep-slope roof deck buries it under a discontinuous roof covering. (1.4)
NOTE The following are governed elsewhere and are outside this standard: (1.5)
  • below-grade walls and slabs that retain earth, for every membrane family including self-adhered sheet and pre-applied blindside sheet, under Below Grade WaterproofingBelow-Grade WaterproofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/below-grade-waterproofing
  • fluid-applied and hot rubberized asphalt waterproofing on decks and walls, under Fluid Applied WaterproofingFluid-Applied WaterproofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fluid-applied-waterproofing
  • dampproofing without a waterproofing function, under DampproofingDampproofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/dampproofing
  • membranes that are the primary weather barrier of a low-slope roof, including self-adhered modified bitumen roofing plies, under Membrane RoofingMembrane RoofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/membrane-roofing
  • underlayment and ice barrier installed as components of a shingle roof or a metal panel roof, under Asphalt Shingle RoofingAsphalt Shingle RoofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/asphalt-shingle-roofing and Metal Roof PanelsMetal Roof PanelsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/metal-roof-panels
  • the above-grade air barrier and water-resistive barrier plane and its transition membranes at fenestration, under Air BarriersAir BarriersResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/air-barriers
  • through-wall flashing and cavity drainage in masonry walls, under Through Wall FlashingThrough-Wall Flashing and Masonry Moisture ControlResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/through-wall-flashing
  • bonded thin-set waterproof membranes beneath tile and stone, under Ceramic TileCeramic TileResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/ceramic-tile and Natural Stone TileNatural Stone TileResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/natural-stone-tile
  • the growing medium, drainage, and plants above the root barrier, under Vegetated RoofingVegetated (Green) RoofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/vegetated-roofing
  • deck, balcony, and planter drain bodies and the storm piping they discharge to, under Roof DrainageRoof DrainageResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/roof-drainage
  • building expansion joint assemblies and field-molded sealants beyond the membrane detail, under Expansion JointsBuilding Expansion JointsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/expansion-joints and Joint SealantsJoint SealantsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/joint-sealants
  • the concrete substrate, its joints, and its waterstops, under Cast In Place ConcreteCast-in-Place ConcreteResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/cast-in-place-concrete and Concrete Joints And WaterstopsConcrete Construction Joints and WaterstopsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/concrete-joints-and-waterstops
  • above-membrane insulation in a protected membrane assembly, under Building Thermal InsulationBuilding Thermal InsulationResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/building-thermal-insulation
  • wood structural panel sheathing as a structural element, under Wood SheathingWood Structural Panel SheathingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/wood-sheathing
1.6 The extent of each waterproofed area and the overburden that bears on it shall be as indicated on the waterproofing plans and building sections.
1.7 Where the Contract Documents, the adopted building code, and the membrane manufacturer's published instructions conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.

2 Referenced Standards

2.1 Materials, testing, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.
2.2 Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.
Standard Title
ASTM D1970/D1970M Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection
ASTM D412 Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers — Tension
ASTM D903 Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhesive Bonds
ASTM D5147/D5147M Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material
ASTM D5385/D5385M Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance of Waterproofing Membranes
ASTM E96/E96M Gravimetric Determination of Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials
ASTM D4263 Indicating Moisture in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet Method
ASTM F1869 Measuring Moisture Vapor Emission Rate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous Calcium Chloride
ASTM F2170 Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes
ASTM D5295/D5295M Preparation of Concrete Surfaces for Adhered (Bonded) Membrane Waterproofing Systems
ASTM D5957 Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing Installations
ASTM D7877 Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes
ASTM D6506/D6506M Asphalt-Based Protection Board for Below-Grade Waterproofing
ASTM D1621 Compressive Properties of Rigid Cellular Plastics
ASTM D4716/D4716M Determining the In-Plane Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
ICRI 310.2R Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, Polymer Overlays, and Concrete Repair
ANSI/SPRI VR-1 Procedure for Investigating Resistance to Root Penetration on Vegetative Green Roofs
NRCA Waterproofing Manual Construction Details for Plaza, Split-Slab, and Below-Grade Waterproofing
IBC Chapter 15 International Building Code — Roof Assemblies and Rooftop Structures (Section 1507, Underlayment and Ice Barrier)
NOTE ASTM D6135, the former practice for applying self-adhering modified bituminous waterproofing sheet, was withdrawn in 2014 without replacement, so the membrane manufacturer's published installation instructions are the procedural reference this standard cites for the application of the sheet. (2.3)

3 Submittals

3.1 Action Submittals

3.1.1 The Contractor shall submit the following for review before any waterproofing material is procured or installed:
  • product data for the membrane, primer, detail tapes and mastics, reinforcing strips, termination bars, sealants, protection course, drainage composite, and root barrier, giving for the membrane the adhesive compound, the carrier, the nominal thickness, the published service temperature range, the minimum application temperature, the published ultraviolet exposure limit, and the substrates and primers it is published for
  • test reports for the membrane for tensile strength and elongation, peel adhesion, low-temperature flexibility, water vapor transmission, and hydrostatic pressure resistance, and conformance to ASTM D1970/D1970M for membrane installed on a roof deck
  • the membrane manufacturer's written statement that the membrane, primer, detail materials, sealants, protection course, drainage composite, root barrier, and any insulation in contact with the membrane are mutually compatible and are compatible with each substrate on the project
  • the membrane manufacturer's written approval of the applicator for the specific system on this project, where the datasheet requires it
  • shop drawings showing the extent of membrane in each area, the sheet layout and lap direction, and project-specific details at every termination, upturn, drain, penetration, expansion joint, construction joint, curb, planter edge, and transition to the wall water-resistive barrier
  • a mock-up plan identifying the location, the size, and the conditions the mock-up will include, where a mock-up is required
  • a watertightness test plan identifying the method for each area, the head and duration or the electronic test parameters, the structural load verification for flooded areas, and the party performing the test
  • sample warranty forms for the manufacturer's warranty and the installer's warranty, in the form proposed for execution
Action Submittal Packagecheckbox
☑ Membrane and accessory product data
☑ Membrane test reports
☑ Manufacturer compatibility statement
☑ Manufacturer approval of the applicator
☑ Shop drawings and project-specific details
☐ Mock-up plan
☑ Watertightness test plan
☑ Sample warranty forms
3.1.2 A reference to the manufacturer's standard details in place of a project-specific detail drawing shall not be accepted at any termination, drain, penetration, or joint.
3.1.3 No portion of the waterproofing shall be installed until the submittals covering it have been reviewed and returned.

3.2 Informational Submittals

3.2.1 The Contractor shall submit the following during the course of the work:
  • a substrate acceptance report signed by the applicator for each area, recording the substrate age, the moisture verification result, the surface profile, and the defects corrected before primer was applied
  • daily application records for each day on which membrane is applied, recording the air and substrate temperature, the area covered, the material lot numbers, and the primer open time observed
  • the manufacturer field representative's report for each site visit, recording the observations made and any corrective work directed
  • field watertightness and adhesion test reports for each area tested, recording the method, the duration, the result, and the location of any breach found
  • a photographic record of every termination, drain, penetration, corner, and joint detail, taken before the protection course was placed and indexed to the shop drawings
Informational Submittals Requiredcheckbox
☑ Substrate acceptance report signed by the applicator
☑ Daily application records
☑ Manufacturer field representative reports
☑ Field watertightness and adhesion test reports
☑ Indexed photographic record of detail locations
NOTE The photographic record is the only means by which a detail can be examined after the overburden is placed, and it is the record that decides whether a later leak is investigated as a workmanship defect or as a design condition. (3.2.2)

3.3 Closeout Submittals

3.3.1 The Contractor shall submit the following before the waterproofing is accepted:
  • the manufacturer's written warranty, countersigned by the Contractor and made out to the Owner
  • the installer's written workmanship and watertightness warranty, made out to the Owner
  • a record of every area repaired after testing or inspection, giving the location, the cause, the repair made, and the re-test result
  • record drawings showing the as-installed extent of membrane in each area, every termination, drain, penetration, and joint, and every deviation from the reviewed details
  • a repair procedure for the installed membrane, identifying the materials and the sequence for repairing a breach discovered after the overburden is placed
Closeout Submittal Packagecheckbox
☑ Manufacturer's warranty, countersigned
☑ Installer's workmanship and watertightness warranty
☑ Repair record for every repaired area
☑ Record drawings
☑ Membrane repair procedure

4 Quality Assurance

4.1 Installer Qualifications

4.1.1 The applicator's manufacturer approval shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Applicator Manufacturer Approvalradio
● Required
○ Not required
4.1.2 The applicator shall have completed self-adhered sheet waterproofing work of comparable configuration and area for not less than the period indicated in the datasheet.
Applicator Experiencerange
Not less than
years
2351020
4.1.3 A single supervisor employed by the applicator shall be present on site whenever primer, membrane, or detail materials are being applied.
NOTE Thickness is set in the factory, so the field variables are adhesion, lap integrity, and detail execution, all of which are concealed once the protection course is placed; the applicator's approval and experience are required in place of the thickness verification regime a field-built membrane needs. (4.1.4)

4.2 Manufacturer Field Representation

4.2.1 The membrane manufacturer's field representative shall make not less than the number of site visits indicated in the datasheet.
Manufacturer Field Representative Site Visitsrange
Not less than
visits
124612
4.2.2 Where one or more site visits are indicated, one visit shall occur on the first day of membrane application.
4.2.3 The manufacturer's field representative shall have no authority to waive a requirement of the Contract Documents, and any deviation the representative recommends shall be submitted to the Engineer of Record for written direction before it is executed.

4.3 Pre-Installation Conference

4.3.1 The Contractor shall convene a pre-installation conference on site before substrate preparation for waterproofing begins.
4.3.2 The conference shall be attended by the Contractor, the applicator, the concrete or framing subcontractor whose work forms the substrate, the trades whose work penetrates or bears on the membrane, the wall barrier installer, the membrane manufacturer's field representative where site visits are indicated, and the Engineer of Record.
4.3.3 The conference shall review the substrate acceptance criteria, the primer and temperature limits, the sequence of detailing relative to the field membrane, the lap and termination details, the protection and drainage sequence, the exposure limit, and the watertightness test plan.
4.3.4 Responsibility for the transition between the deck membrane and the wall water-resistive barrier shall be assigned to a single trade at the conference and recorded in the minutes.
4.3.5 The Contractor shall record the conference in written minutes distributed to every attendee within 5 business days, stating each unresolved item and the party responsible for resolving it.
NOTE The membrane is applied by one trade across a substrate built by another, turned up against a wall barrier installed by a third, and penetrated by several more, and each of those interfaces is a location at which no single trade owns the result unless the conference assigns it. (4.3.6)

4.4 Field Mock-Up

4.4.1 Whether a field mock-up is required shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Field Mock-Upradio
○ No mock-up required
○ Mock-up required before production application
○ Mock-up required and retained as part of the finished work
NOTE A mock-up fixes the primer open time, the rolling pressure, the lap treatment, and the detail sequence before they are replicated across the deck, and it is the standard a production area is judged against; a retained mock-up saves the cost of removal where its location is part of the finished installation, and a separate mock-up is used where the production sequence does not allow a representative area to be built first. (4.4.2)
4.4.3 Where a mock-up is required, its area shall be not less than the value indicated in the datasheet.
Mock-Up Arearange
Not less than
sq ft
2550100200400
4.4.4 The mock-up shall include an inside corner, an outside corner, a horizontal-to-vertical transition, a drain or penetration, a vertical termination, and a T-joint in the field laps.
4.4.5 The mock-up shall be reviewed by the Engineer of Record and, where site visits are indicated, by the manufacturer's field representative, and shall be accepted in writing before production application proceeds.
4.4.6 Where the datasheet indicates the mock-up is retained, it shall be integrated into the completed work and shall carry the same warranty as the surrounding membrane.

4.5 Inspection Before Concealment

4.5.1 The installed membrane shall remain available for inspection and watertightness testing until those have been completed and recorded, and shall not be concealed by protection course, drainage composite, insulation, wearing slab, mortar bed, pavers, soil, or roof covering before then.
4.5.2 The Contractor shall schedule each inspection and test, and the inspection by the Authority Having Jurisdiction where one is required, before any concealing work proceeds.
NOTE Concealing the membrane before it is tested converts a repair made with a patch into a repair made with a demolition crew. (4.5.3)

5 Deck Configuration and Hydrostatic Exposure

NOTE Each waterproofed deck area is configured by the overburden that bears on the membrane: a topping or wearing slab, pavers on pedestals or in a setting bed, insulation in a protected membrane assembly, soil and planting, or a mortar bed in an interior wet area; the configuration sets the protection course, the drainage layer, the upturn height, and the drain type at each area. (5.1)
5.2 The membrane shall not be exposed as a trafficked or weathered surface in service.
NOTE A deck that is to receive an exposed, traffic-bearing membrane takes a fluid-applied system with an integral wearing surface, specified under Fluid Applied WaterproofingFluid-Applied WaterproofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/fluid-applied-waterproofing. (5.3)
5.4 The membrane shall resist, when tested to ASTM D5385/D5385M, a hydrostatic head not less than the value indicated in the datasheet.
Hydrostatic Head Resistance (ASTM D5385)range
Not less than
ft
5102550100150200250
Derived — the depth of water that the deepest planter, retained-water area, or overburden on the project can impound above the membrane with its drain blocked (by default)
NOTE A deck that drains freely sees water only in transit; a planter that retains irrigation water, a split slab whose drain is blocked by overburden, or a wet-area bed holding a leak against the membrane sees standing water for days. The drainage layer relieves that head between storms, and the membrane rating covers the days the drainage layer cannot. (5.5)
5.6 The membrane's published low-temperature flexibility shall be at or below Site Ambient Temperature MinimumSite Ambient Temperature MinimumParameterEach project supplies its own value.site-ambient-temperature-minimum.

6 Membrane Selection

6.1 Adhesive Compound and Carrier

6.1.1 The membrane adhesive compound and carrier shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Membrane Adhesive Compound and Carrierselect
Rubberized asphalt compound on a polyethylene film carrier
Reinforced SBS-modified bitumen sheet with a self-adhesive underside
Butyl rubber compound on a polymer film carrier
Non-bituminous synthetic adhesive on a thermoplastic or polyester carrier
NOTE Rubberized asphalt on a polyethylene film is the general-purpose deck membrane: high elongation, self-sealing around minor punctures, and the widest range of published details and compatible accessories, with a service temperature ceiling that keeps it out from beneath dark metal and a compound that softens polystyrene and some sealants on contact. (6.1.2)
NOTE A reinforced SBS sheet carries a polyester or glass reinforcement that raises tensile and puncture strength and permits a two-ply build, at a greater thickness and roll weight and with laps that need heat or a lap adhesive on some products. (6.1.3)
NOTE Butyl rubber holds its bond at the surface temperatures reached beneath metal and dark coverings, stays flexible at low temperature, and does not attack polystyrene, at a higher material cost and with fewer published deck details. (6.1.4)
NOTE A non-bituminous synthetic sheet keeps bitumen out of contact with plasticized or solvent-sensitive materials and resists some chemical exposures a bituminous compound does not, and it depends on a primer and a detail system specific to its adhesive chemistry. (6.1.5)
6.1.6 All membrane, primer, detail materials, protection course, and accessories shall come from a single membrane manufacturer's published system or shall be confirmed in writing by that manufacturer as compatible with its membrane.

6.2 Service Temperature Rating

6.2.1 The service temperature rating of the membrane shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Membrane Service Temperature Ratingradio
○ Standard service temperature rating
○ High-temperature service rating
6.2.2 Where the membrane is installed beneath metal, slate, or a dark covering for which the membrane manufacturer publishes a surface temperature limit, or where the published service temperature of the standard product is below the surface temperature the overburden produces, the high-temperature rating shall be used.
NOTE Compound that flows under the heat of the overburden migrates at the laps and bleeds at the terminations, and the loss shows at the first hot season rather than at installation. (6.2.3)

6.3 Thickness and Ply Count

6.3.1 The nominal thickness of the membrane, measured through all plies where more than one is indicated, shall be not less than the value indicated in the datasheet.
Membrane Nominal Thicknessrange
Not less than
mil
406080100120160180
NOTE Thickness is a puncture and abuse decision before it is a hydrostatic one: the membrane takes reinforcing chairs, pedestal feet, wheelbarrow traffic, and the placement of the wearing slab before it is loaded by water, and the damage concentrates in that window. A thicker sheet buys puncture resistance and lap body at the cost of conformability at corners and a heavier roll to position, so the traffic and overburden on each deck set the thickness. (6.3.2)
6.3.3 Where the membrane manufacturer publishes a minimum thickness for the indicated hydrostatic head that is greater than the datasheet value, the published minimum shall govern.
6.3.4 The number of membrane plies shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Number of Membrane Pliesrange
plies
12

6.4 Membrane Physical Properties

6.4.1 Tensile strength and elongation shall be reported to ASTM D412 for film-carrier membranes and to ASTM D5147/D5147M for reinforced SBS sheet, and shall meet or exceed the values the manufacturer publishes for the product.
6.4.2 Peel adhesion of the membrane to primed concrete shall be reported to ASTM D903 and shall be not less than the value indicated in the datasheet.
Peel Adhesion to Primed Concrete (ASTM D903)range
Not less than
lbf/in
215
6.4.3 Water vapor transmission shall be reported to ASTM E96/E96M for each membrane installed where the assembly design relies on the membrane as a vapor retarder.
NOTE A self-adhered sheet is a vapor retarder in nearly every case; a full-coverage membrane over a roof deck or on the warm side of insulation changes where the assembly can dry, and the assembly is designed around that rather than discovering it. (6.4.4)

7 Primer and Detail Materials

7.1 Primer application shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Primer Applicationradio
○ Primer applied over the full substrate receiving membrane
○ Primer at laps, terminations, and detail areas
○ No primer
Manufacturer's standard (by default)
7.2 Where the datasheet leaves primer application to the manufacturer's published practice, primer shall be applied wherever the membrane manufacturer's published substrate and primer schedule requires it for the selected membrane on the substrate present, and the Contractor shall submit that schedule with the product data.
NOTE Full priming is the published condition for a bituminous compound on concrete and masonry, where dust and laitance defeat the bond; priming at laps and details alone is the published condition for some products on clean wood or gypsum sheathing, where the compound grips the panel face but the film face at a lap needs a primer to take the next sheet; no primer is published for membranes whose compound is formulated to bond to the sheathing panel without one. Each condition is the manufacturer's for a specific membrane on a specific substrate and does not carry across products. (7.3)
7.4 Primer shall be the product the membrane manufacturer publishes for the selected membrane and substrate, applied at the published rate.
7.5 Primed area shall be covered with membrane within the primer's published open time, and primed area not covered within that time shall be re-primed before membrane is applied.
7.6 Primer shall not be applied where the substrate or air temperature will fall below the primer's published minimum application temperature before the primer has dried.
7.7 Detail mastic, lap sealant, reinforcing strips, termination bars, and preformed corners and boots shall be the products the membrane manufacturer publishes for the selected membrane.

8 Substrate Preparation

8.1 Concrete Substrates

8.1.1 Concrete surfaces receiving membrane shall be prepared in accordance with ASTM D5295/D5295M.
8.1.2 The minimum age of the concrete substrate before membrane application shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Concrete Age Before Membranerange
Not less than
days
357142128
8.1.3 Where the membrane manufacturer publishes a minimum substrate age for the specific product that is longer than the datasheet value, the longer period shall govern.
NOTE A membrane applied to green concrete bonds to a surface that is still releasing moisture, and that moisture drives blisters under the film once the sun warms the sheet; products published for green concrete carry a shorter minimum, which is why the datasheet value can be set lower where one is selected. (8.1.4)
8.1.5 Substrate moisture shall be verified by the method indicated in the datasheet, and not by visual inspection alone.
Substrate Moisture Verification Methodcheckbox
Any of:
☐ Plastic sheet method to ASTM D4263
☐ In situ relative humidity probe to ASTM F2170
☐ Anhydrous calcium chloride to ASTM F1869
☐ Electronic moisture meter per the membrane manufacturer's procedure
8.1.6 Where the datasheet selects no moisture verification method, the plastic sheet method to ASTM D4263 shall be used, and membrane shall not be applied where condensation is present beneath the sheet or where the concrete beneath it has darkened.
8.1.7 The moisture limit for the selected method shall be the limit the membrane manufacturer publishes for the product.
8.1.8 The concrete surface profile shall not exceed the maximum indicated in the datasheet, evaluated against the ICRI 310.2R replica profiles.
Concrete Surface Profile (ICRI 310.2R CSP)range
Not more than
CSP
12345
NOTE A sheet needs a surface smooth enough to make continuous contact under roller pressure: a steel-trowel or light-broom finish bonds across the whole face, while a coarse broom or scarified surface leaves the sheet bridging between ridges with unbonded channels beneath it. A fluid-applied membrane wants the texture a sheet cannot tolerate, which is why the two are not prepared the same way. (8.1.9)
8.1.10 Form-tie holes, bug holes, honeycomb, spalls, and voids shall be filled flush with a cementitious repair material compatible with the membrane and cured before membrane is applied.
8.1.11 Fins, ridges, form offsets, and projections shall be ground flush with the surrounding surface.
8.1.12 Laitance, dust, oil, form release agents, and any other bond-breaking contaminant shall be removed from surfaces receiving membrane.
8.1.13 A curing compound on the substrate shall be of a type the membrane manufacturer accepts in writing, or shall be removed by mechanical preparation.
NOTE A curing compound is applied by one trade to protect the concrete and removed by another to let the membrane bond, and the removal is the step that is skipped when the two trades do not meet; it is a standing item for the pre-installation conference. (8.1.14)

8.2 Wood and Gypsum Sheathing Substrates

8.2.1 Wood structural panel sheathing receiving membrane shall comply with Wood SheathingWood Structural Panel SheathingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/wood-sheathing and shall be fastened flush, with no protruding fastener heads, and dry, clean, and free of frost, dust, and loose fibers at the time of application.
8.2.2 Gaps between sheathing panels wider than 1/4 in. shall be bridged with a reinforcing strip of membrane before the field membrane is applied.
8.2.3 Gypsum sheathing receiving membrane shall be sound and dry, with facer tears, exposed core, and damaged edges repaired or the panel replaced before membrane is applied.
NOTE A sheathing panel that has taken rain and swollen presents a raised edge the sheet cannot bond across, and a protruding fastener head is a puncture waiting for the first load above it. (8.2.4)

8.3 Substrate Acceptance

8.3.1 The applicator shall inspect and accept the prepared substrate in writing before membrane application begins, and shall not apply membrane over a substrate the applicator has not accepted.
8.3.2 Where the applicator and the Contractor disagree whether a prepared substrate is acceptable, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination.

9 Application Conditions

9.1 The minimum air and substrate temperature at which primer and membrane may be applied shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Air and Substrate Temperature at Applicationrange
Not less than
°F
202532405060
9.2 Where the datasheet leaves the minimum temperature unselected, the minimum shall be the value the membrane manufacturer publishes for the selected membrane.
9.3 The membrane formulation supplied shall be one the manufacturer publishes for application at the datasheet minimum temperature.
NOTE A standard rubberized asphalt compound stiffens and stops wetting out the substrate below roughly 40°F, and the sheet then lies on the surface in contact without being bonded; low-temperature formulations carry a softer compound published to 25°F or lower, and butyl and some synthetic adhesives are published below freezing, which is why the minimum belongs to the product rather than to the calendar. (9.4)
9.5 Primer and membrane shall not be applied when the air or substrate temperature is above the maximum the membrane manufacturer publishes for the product.
9.6 Membrane shall not be applied during precipitation, or onto a substrate carrying frost, ice, dew, standing water, or visible moisture.
9.7 Where the ambient temperature is below the membrane's published minimum application temperature, rolls shall be conditioned in heated storage for the period the manufacturer publishes before deployment and shall be returned to heated storage at the end of each work period.
9.8 The membrane shall be covered by its protection course or roof covering within the number of days after application indicated in the datasheet.
Membrane Exposure Before Coverrange
Not more than
days
13714306090
9.9 Where the membrane manufacturer publishes a shorter exposure limit for the selected membrane, the shorter limit shall govern.
NOTE The film face is not formulated for sunlight: ultraviolet exposure embrittles the carrier, heat lifts the laps and bleeds compound at the edges, and a membrane left open through a season looks sound and is not. (9.10)

10 Membrane Installation

10.1 Sheet Layout and Rolling

10.1.1 The membrane shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's printed installation instructions for the selected membrane, substrate, and application.
10.1.2 Detail strips, corners, and penetration reinforcement shall be installed before the field membrane so that the field sheets lap over completed details.
10.1.3 Sheets shall be laid starting at the low point of each area and lapped so that each sheet laps over the sheet below it in the direction of drainage, in shingle fashion.
10.1.4 The release liner shall be removed progressively as the sheet is positioned, and the sheet shall be pressed to the substrate from the center outward to exclude air.
10.1.5 Every sheet, including its laps, shall be rolled with a weighted roller over its full area immediately after it is positioned.
NOTE Self-adhered sheet develops its bond under pressure, not under contact: a sheet placed by hand and not rolled is in contact with the substrate and is not adhered to it, and the finished surface does not show the difference. (10.1.6)
10.1.7 Sheets shall be cut to lengths that can be positioned and rolled without folding back on themselves, and a sheet that has adhered to itself shall be discarded rather than pulled apart and reused.

10.2 Laps

10.2.1 The minimum side lap between adjacent sheets shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Side Laprange
Not less than
in
22.5346
10.2.2 The minimum end lap between successive sheets shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
End Laprange
Not less than
in
22.534612
10.2.3 Where the datasheet leaves a lap unselected, or where the membrane manufacturer publishes a greater lap for the selected membrane, the published lap shall govern.
10.2.4 End laps in adjacent sheets shall be staggered by not less than 12 in.
10.2.5 Every lap edge shall be rolled with a hand roller after the sheet is rolled, and where the manufacturer's system includes an edge treatment, the exposed lap edge shall be sealed with the manufacturer's mastic or lap sealant.
10.2.6 T-joints, where an end lap crosses a side lap, shall be rolled and sealed with detail mastic, or covered with a reinforcing strip where the manufacturer publishes one.
NOTE The T-joint stacks three sheet edges and leaves a capillary channel at the step where the upper sheet rides over the lower lap, which is the one place in the field of a self-adhered membrane where water reaches the substrate without a puncture. (10.2.7)
10.2.8 Fishmouths, wrinkles, and blisters shall be slit, pressed flat, and covered with a patch of the same membrane extending not less than 6 in. beyond the slit in every direction.

10.3 Two-Ply Application

10.3.1 Where two plies are indicated, the second ply shall be applied over the first within the first ply's exposure limit, with its laps offset from those of the first ply by not less than half a sheet width, and shall be rolled over its full area.
10.3.2 The second ply shall be applied only after the first ply has been inspected and every defect in it repaired.
NOTE A second ply buys a membrane whose laps are never in line with a lap below, so a lap defect in either ply faces solid sheet; it costs a second application pass and doubles the material, and it is the configuration the reinforced SBS products publish their deck warranties on. (10.3.3)

11 Detailing

11.1 Corners and Changes of Plane

11.1.1 The inside corner treatment beneath the membrane shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Inside Corner Treatmentradio
○ Cementitious cant fillet
○ Membrane reinforcing strip centered on the corner
○ Liquid-applied detail bead with reinforcing fabric
Manufacturer's standard (by default)
11.1.2 Where the datasheet leaves the inside corner treatment to the manufacturer's published practice, the membrane manufacturer's published corner detail for the product supplied shall govern, and the Contractor shall submit that detail with the shop drawings.
NOTE A cant fillet gives the sheet a gradual change of plane so that it stays in contact at the vertex; a reinforcing strip holds the corner with membrane alone where a fillet would not cure before the membrane is due; a liquid detail bead with fabric fills an irregular corner the sheet cannot follow and suits the synthetic systems whose manufacturers publish a liquid detail component. (11.1.3)
11.1.4 Outside corners shall be eased to a radius or chamfer and reinforced with a strip of membrane extending not less than 6 in. onto each face before the field membrane is applied.
11.1.5 Every change of plane shall receive a reinforcing strip centered on the change before the field membrane is applied.

11.2 Upturns and Terminations

11.2.1 At a deck, the membrane shall be turned up at every wall, curb, column, and upstand to not less than the height above the finished wearing surface indicated in the datasheet.
Membrane Upturn Height Above the Finished Wearing Surfacerange
Not less than
in
24681012
Per drawings — the wall sections and waterproofing details (deferred by default)
NOTE A higher upturn keeps splash, ponded water, and drifted snow above the finished surface from bypassing the membrane; a lower one is used where the finished surface sits close to a door sill or where the wall finish above cannot accept the membrane. (11.2.2)
11.2.3 Vertical terminations shall be made by the method indicated in the datasheet.
Vertical Termination Methodselect
Termination bar, mechanically fastened and sealed at the top edge
Reglet or saw cut, membrane embedded and sealed
Counterflashing reglet, membrane lapped behind metal counterflashing
Membrane carried over the top of the wall or curb
Lapped beneath the wall water-resistive barrier
Per drawings — the termination details (deferred by default)
NOTE A termination bar restrains the edge on any substrate and leaves a sealed top edge exposed to weather; a reglet or saw cut hides the edge in the substrate and depends on the sealant in the cut; a counterflashing reglet puts metal over the edge and is the detail where the wall above is masonry; carrying the membrane over a curb removes the edge from the vertical face altogether; lapping beneath the wall barrier is the termination where the wall above is sheathed and the barrier can shingle over the membrane. (11.2.4)
11.2.5 Every termination shall be mechanically secured or embedded so that the edge cannot peel back, and sealed so that water cannot enter behind the edge.
11.2.6 Where the membrane turns onto a wall sheathed in wood structural panels or gypsum sheathing, the membrane shall be carried up the sheathing to the upturn height, and the wall water-resistive barrier specified in Air BarriersAir BarriersResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/air-barriers shall lap over the top edge of the membrane in shingle fashion.
NOTE A deck membrane that laps over the wall barrier instead of under it turns its top edge into a seam facing the flow, and every drop running down the wall is delivered behind the membrane. (11.2.7)

11.3 Drains

11.3.1 Deck drains shall be of the type indicated in the datasheet.
Deck Drain Typeselect
Clamping-ring drain with the membrane clamped in the drain body
Flange drain with the membrane bonded and reinforced onto the flange
Two-level drain with a clamping ring at the membrane and a grate at the wearing surface
Per drawings — the plumbing drawings (deferred by default)
NOTE A clamping ring makes the seal mechanically within the drain body and is the detail most membrane manufacturers warrant; a flange drain depends on the bond of the membrane to the flange and suits a thin deck where a clamping body does not fit; a two-level drain collects at the wearing surface and at the membrane plane, which a split-slab or paver assembly needs because water reaching the membrane otherwise has nowhere to go. (11.3.2)
11.3.3 The membrane shall be carried into the drain bowl and clamped beneath the clamping ring, or bonded and reinforced onto the flange, so that the seal is made within the drain and not at its rim.
NOTE The drain body, its clamping ring, and the storm piping it discharges to are furnished under Roof DrainageRoof DrainageResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/roof-drainage; this standard governs the membrane's termination at the drain. (11.3.4)
11.3.5 Drain locations shall be as indicated on the plumbing drawings.

11.4 Penetrations

11.4.1 The seal at pipe, conduit, and sleeve penetrations shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Pipe and Conduit Penetration Sealradio
○ Membrane target sheet and collar with a stainless steel draw band and sealant
○ Preformed penetration boot bonded to the field membrane
○ Cast-in sleeve with a mechanical link seal
○ Liquid-applied detail membrane with reinforcing fabric
11.4.3 Penetrations shall be grouped and spaced so that the clear distance between adjacent penetrations, and between a penetration and a corner, curb, or joint, is not less than the distance required to install the selected seal on all sides.
11.4.4 Where a penetration moves relative to the structure, the seal shall be a flexible detail that accommodates the movement without tearing the membrane.
11.4.5 Penetrations through a waterproofed concrete deck shall be cast into the concrete rather than core drilled after the membrane is in place.
11.4.6 Where a penetration must be core drilled after the membrane is in place, the Contractor shall submit the proposed detail for the Engineer of Record's review before drilling, and the membrane shall be reinstated in accordance with the reviewed detail.

11.5 Cracks and Joints

11.5.1 Substrate cracks wider than the width indicated in the datasheet shall be covered with a reinforcing strip of membrane centered on the crack and extending not less than 6 in. on each side before the field membrane is applied.
Crack Width Requiring Treatmentrange
Not more than
in
0.0160.0310.06250.125
11.5.2 Construction joints and control joints shall be covered with a reinforcing strip centered on the joint before the field membrane is applied.
11.5.3 Cracks and joints expected to move shall be detailed with a bond-breaker tape beneath the reinforcing strip, so that the strain spreads across the unbonded width rather than concentrating at the crack.
11.5.4 Whether a crack is moving or static shall be determined by the Engineer of Record where the drawings do not indicate it.
11.5.5 Expansion joints in the structure shall be carried through the waterproofing with a movement detail designed for the joint, coordinated with Expansion JointsBuilding Expansion JointsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/expansion-joints and Joint SealantsJoint SealantsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/joint-sealants, and shall not be bridged by field membrane alone.
11.5.6 The design movement at each expansion joint shall be as indicated on the structural drawings.
NOTE A sheet bonded tightly across a moving crack with no bond-breaker splits at the crack on the first thermal cycle, because the whole strain of the opening is taken by the compound at one line. (11.5.7)

12 Protection Course

12.1 A protection course shall be installed over every membrane before any drainage composite, insulation, wearing slab, mortar bed, pavers, soil, or construction traffic is placed on it.
12.2 The protection course type shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Protection Course Typeselect
Semi-rigid asphaltic protection board
Extruded polystyrene insulation serving as protection
Cementitious protection board
Prefabricated drainage composite with an integral protective facing
Polymer protection sheet published by the membrane manufacturer
NOTE An asphaltic board is the general protection layer over a bituminous sheet and bonds to it; insulation doubles as protection in a protected membrane assembly; a cementitious board is used where the overburden is placed with equipment that would crush a softer board; a composite with a protective facing combines the protection and drainage layers where the overburden load allows; and a polymer sheet is the thin protection a manufacturer publishes for a wet-area bed or a balcony where board thickness cannot be accommodated. (12.3)
12.4 Where a protection board is indicated, its thickness shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Protection Board Thicknessrange
Not less than
in
0.06250.1250.250.5
NOTE A thicker board resists the point loads of reinforcing chairs, pedestal feet, and wheelbarrow traffic during overburden placement, and a thinner one conforms at transitions and fits where the assembly depth is fixed; the overburden being placed sets the thickness. (12.5)
12.6 Where an asphaltic protection board is indicated, it shall comply with ASTM D6506/D6506M, and where a board of another material is indicated, its compressive strength shall be reported to ASTM D1621 in the product data.
12.7 Where polystyrene insulation serves as the protection course, it shall be installed under Building Thermal InsulationBuilding Thermal InsulationResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/building-thermal-insulation, and it shall not be placed against a bituminous membrane or over solvent-based primer or mastic until the membrane manufacturer has confirmed compatibility in writing and the primer and mastic have cured.
12.8 The protection course shall be set with butted joints, held by adhesive, by the layer above, or by the overburden, and shall not be fastened through the membrane.
12.9 The protection course shall extend over the full membrane area, including the upturns to the height of the finished wearing surface and the area around every drain and penetration.
NOTE Membrane at terminations and around penetrations is the membrane most exposed to overburden impact and the least reachable for repair, and it is the area from which protection is most often omitted because the board has to be cut to fit. (12.10)

13 Drainage Layer and Overburden

13.1 Drainage Layer

13.1.1 The drainage layer over the protection course shall be as indicated in the datasheet.
Drainage Layer Over the Protection Courseselect
Prefabricated drainage composite with filter fabric
High-flow drainage composite with filter fabric
Free-draining granular layer
No dedicated drainage layer
NOTE A standard composite carries the flow a paver or topping deck sees between storms; a high-flow composite is used where the overburden is deep or where irrigation and storm flows exceed what a standard core carries; a granular layer is the drainage where the overburden is itself a setting bed or soil that can be graded to the drains; and a dedicated layer is omitted where the assembly above the protection course, such as pedestal-supported pavers, already provides an open path to the drains. (13.1.2)
13.1.3 Where a drainage composite is indicated, its minimum in-plane flow rate shall be as indicated in the datasheet, tested in accordance with ASTM D4716/D4716M at the design normal stress and hydraulic gradient.
Drainage Composite In-Plane Flow Raterange
Not less than
gal/min per ft of width
140
13.1.4 Where a drainage composite is indicated, it shall be installed with the filter fabric facing the overburden, with joints lapped in the direction of flow, and carried to and lapped into every drain so that the core is open to the drain.
NOTE A membrane holding standing water is a membrane under sustained head; the drainage layer keeps the head off the membrane between storms, and it is part of the waterproofing system rather than an accessory to it. (13.1.5)

13.2 Wearing Slab and Pavers

13.2.1 Where a topping or wearing slab is cast over the assembly, a slip sheet or the filter fabric of the drainage composite shall separate the concrete from the protection course, and reinforcing chairs and screed supports shall bear on the protection course and not on the membrane.
13.2.2 Where pavers on pedestals bear on the assembly, the pedestal feet shall bear on the protection course or on a bearing pad the membrane manufacturer publishes, and shall not bear directly on the membrane.
13.2.3 Where pavers are set in a sand or mortar setting bed, the bed shall be placed over the drainage layer and shall not be placed directly on the membrane or the protection course.

13.3 Insulation and Planting

13.3.1 Where insulation is installed above the membrane in a protected membrane assembly, it shall comply with Building Thermal InsulationBuilding Thermal InsulationResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/building-thermal-insulation and shall be a type the membrane manufacturer confirms in writing as compatible with the membrane and primer.
13.3.2 Where soil and planting bear on the assembly, as indicated on the landscape plans, a root barrier shall be installed continuously over the protection course or drainage composite before soil is placed, with laps and upturns at planter walls made as the barrier manufacturer publishes.
13.3.3 The membrane shall not be relied on as the root barrier unless its manufacturer publishes root resistance for the installed thickness tested to ANSI/SPRI VR-1.
NOTE The growing medium, the drainage and retention layers above the root barrier, and the plants are governed by Vegetated RoofingVegetated (Green) RoofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/vegetated-roofing. (13.3.4)

14 Interior Wet-Area Beds and Toppings

14.1 Requirements in this article apply where a sheet membrane is installed beneath a mortar bed or topping slab in an interior wet area, as indicated on the floor plans and wet-area details.
NOTE A sheet membrane beneath a mortar bed catches the water that passes through grout, bed, and finish and delivers it to the drain; the bonded thin-set membrane that a tile installation carries directly beneath the tile is a different product serving a different layer, specified under Ceramic TileCeramic TileResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/ceramic-tile and Natural Stone TileNatural Stone TileResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/natural-stone-tile. (14.2)
14.3 The membrane shall be turned up at every wall, curb, and threshold to not less than the upturn height indicated in the datasheet.
14.4 The membrane shall be carried into the floor drain and clamped beneath the clamping collar of a drain furnished with weep openings at the membrane level, so that water reaching the membrane drains rather than standing in the bed.
14.5 A protection course or the slip sheet the membrane manufacturer publishes shall be placed over the membrane before the mortar bed or topping is placed.
14.6 The membrane shall be flood tested in accordance with this standard before the bed or topping is placed.

15 Roof Deck Membrane

15.1 Requirements in this article apply where the membrane is installed over the full area of a steep-slope roof deck as the waterproofing plane beneath a discontinuous roof covering, as indicated on the roof plan.
NOTE The underlayment and ice barrier that form part of an asphalt shingle roof or a metal panel roof are specified with those coverings under Asphalt Shingle RoofingAsphalt Shingle RoofingResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/asphalt-shingle-roofing and Metal Roof PanelsMetal Roof PanelsResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/metal-roof-panels; this article governs the sheet where it is the waterproofing itself, beneath slate, clay or concrete tile, wood shingles or shakes, or a deck covering whose standard does not specify the layer below it. (15.2)
15.3 Membrane installed over a roof deck shall conform to ASTM D1970/D1970M.
15.4 The membrane shall be applied to the sheathing from the eave upward, with each course lapping over the course below by not less than the side lap indicated in the datasheet, and with end laps staggered between courses.
15.5 The membrane shall extend up every wall, curb, and chimney to not less than the upturn height indicated in the datasheet and shall be lapped by the wall water-resistive barrier specified in Air BarriersAir BarriersResolves to the current adopted revision.sync/air-barriers.
15.6 At the eave, the membrane shall be carried over the edge and onto the fascia or shall terminate over the drip edge, as indicated on the eave details.
15.7 Where the roof covering is fastened through the membrane, the membrane shall be a type its manufacturer publishes as self-sealing around fasteners of the size and spacing the roof covering uses.
15.8 Battens, counter-battens, and the fasteners of the roof covering shall be installed only after the membrane has been inspected and accepted, and the membrane shall be covered within the exposure limit indicated in the datasheet.
NOTE A roof deck fully covered by a self-adhered sheet cannot dry outward, so the assembly beneath it, its ventilation, and the location of its vapor control are designed around a membrane that is a vapor retarder, and the Contract Documents state where the drying path is. (15.9)

16 Field Testing for Watertightness

16.1 Test Methods

16.1.1 Every horizontal membrane area shall be tested by the methods indicated in the datasheet after the membrane and all detailing in the area are complete and before the protection course or any overburden is placed.
Watertightness Test Methods for Horizontal Areascheckbox
☑ Flood test to ASTM D5957
☐ Low-voltage electronic leak detection to ASTM D7877
☐ High-voltage electronic leak detection to ASTM D7877
☑ Visual inspection of the completed membrane before cover
NOTE A flood test finds a leak by showing water on the underside and loads the drains and terminations under head, but it needs the structure to carry the water, the edges dammed, and the drains plugged; electronic leak detection locates a breach to the inch without loading the structure and can be run on a deck a flood test cannot reach, but it requires a conductive substrate or a conductive medium beneath the membrane and does not load the terminations. (16.1.2)
NOTE A test performed after cover reports that water reached the interior; it does not report where the membrane was breached. (16.1.3)
16.1.4 Membrane on a steep-slope roof deck shall be inspected visually before the roof covering is placed and shall not be flood tested.

16.2 Flood Test

16.2.1 Flood testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D5957.
16.2.2 The flood test head, measured above the high point of the test area, shall be as indicated in the datasheet and shall not exceed the structural load capacity of the deck or the upturn height.
Flood Test Head Above the High Pointrange
in
1234
16.2.3 The flood test head shall be held for not less than the duration indicated in the datasheet.
Flood Test Durationrange
Not less than
h
244872
NOTE A longer hold finds a slow leak that a 24-hour hold cannot separate from evaporation and is used where the membrane will carry standing water in service; a deeper head loads the terminations and drains harder and is limited by what the structure and the upturn can hold. (16.2.4)
16.2.5 A flood test shall not begin until the detail mastic and sealant in the test area have reached the cure the manufacturer publishes for water immersion, and in no case within 24 h of their application.
16.2.6 Before a flood test, the Contractor shall confirm in writing that the structure can carry the dead load of the test water and shall obtain the Engineer of Record's written concurrence before flooding.
16.2.7 Before a flood test, the Contractor shall dam every edge of the test area and plug every drain within it.
16.2.8 During a flood test, the underside of the deck and every termination and penetration shall be observed for leakage at the start of the hold, at intervals during it, and at its end.

16.3 Electronic Leak Detection

16.3.1 Electronic leak detection shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D7877 by a party independent of the applicator, using the method matched to the membrane's moisture condition at the time of the survey.
NOTE Electronic leak detection locates a breach by measuring conductance through it, so it requires an electrically insulating membrane over a conductive substrate or a conductive medium placed beneath the membrane; a film-carrier sheet over concrete qualifies, and a sheet over wood sheathing does not without a conductive layer beneath it. (16.3.2)

16.4 Adhesion Verification

16.4.1 Field adhesion of the membrane shall be verified as indicated in the datasheet.
Field Adhesion Verificationradio
○ Peel test on the mock-up and at the frequency indicated in the datasheet
○ Peel test on the mock-up
○ Visual inspection of bond at laps and edges
NOTE A peel test on the mock-up confirms that the primer, substrate, and rolling produce the published bond before production starts; peel tests at a frequency find the areas where the substrate, the weather, or the primer open time drifted during production, at the cost of a patch at every test site; visual inspection alone relies on lifted edges and fishmouths to reveal a bond problem, which they do for a gross failure and not for a sheet that is in contact without being adhered. (16.4.2)
16.4.3 Where peel testing at a frequency is indicated, tests shall be made at not less than the frequency indicated in the datasheet.
Field Peel Test Frequencyrange
Not more than
sq ft per test
50010002500500010000
16.4.4 A field peel test shall be made by cutting a strip of applied membrane not less than 1 in. wide, peeling it at 90° to the substrate, and recording whether separation occurs within the adhesive compound or at the substrate interface, and separation at the substrate interface leaving a clean substrate face shall be recorded as a failure.
16.4.5 Each peel test site shall be patched with the same membrane extending not less than 6 in. beyond the cut in every direction.
NOTE A flood test proves that the membrane is continuous; it does not prove that the membrane is bonded, and an unbonded sheet that passes a flood test lets water travel behind it to the nearest termination once a breach occurs anywhere. (16.4.6)

16.5 Repair and Re-Test

16.5.1 Any breach or defect found shall be located, repaired in accordance with the manufacturer's published repair detail, and re-tested by the same method until the area passes.
16.5.2 The cost of every repair and every re-test following a failed test shall be borne by the Contractor.
16.5.3 Where the parties disagree whether an observed condition constitutes a defect, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination.

17 Delivery, Storage, and Handling

17.1 Materials shall be delivered in the manufacturer's original unopened packaging bearing the product designation, the lot number, and the manufacturer's published storage and shelf-life information.
17.2 Membrane rolls shall be stored on end on a flat surface, off the ground, under cover, out of direct sunlight, and within the temperature range published by the manufacturer, and shall not be stacked or laid on their sides.
NOTE A roll stored on its side flattens under its own weight, and the distortion does not roll out; it shows up as a sheet that will not lie flat at exactly the point where the applicator is trying to hold a lap aligned. (17.3)
17.4 Rolls shall be protected from heat that would cause the compound to flow, and a roll whose compound has flowed or whose release liner has bonded to the compound shall not be used.
17.5 Primers, mastics, and solvent-bearing materials shall be stored, handled, and disposed of in accordance with the manufacturer's safety data sheets and the requirements of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
17.6 Material whose published shelf life has expired, and material whose lot number does not appear on the delivered documentation, shall be removed from the site and shall not be incorporated into the work.

18 Warranty

18.1 Manufacturer's Warranty

18.1.1 The membrane manufacturer shall provide a written warranty to the Owner of the form indicated in the datasheet.
Manufacturer Warranty Formradio
○ Materials-only warranty
○ Labor and materials system warranty
○ No-dollar-limit system warranty
NOTE The three forms differ in what the Owner recovers, not in how long the membrane lasts: a materials-only warranty replaces the failed material; a labor and materials warranty adds the cost of installing the replacement and is offered only where an approved applicator installed the membrane; a no-dollar-limit warranty covers the repair without a cap tied to the contract value. None of them covers removal of the overburden to reach the membrane unless the warranty says so in its own text. (18.1.2)
18.1.3 The manufacturer's warranty shall run for not less than the period indicated in the datasheet from the date of Substantial Completion.
Manufacturer Warranty Periodrange
Not less than
years
125101520
18.1.4 The warranty shall identify the membrane system, the configuration of each area, and the areas covered, as documented by the test reports and the record drawings.

18.2 Installer's Warranty

18.2.1 The applicator shall provide a written warranty to the Owner against defects in workmanship and against water infiltration through the installed system for not less than the period indicated in the datasheet from the date of Substantial Completion.
Installer Workmanship Warranty Periodrange
Not less than
years
1235
18.2.2 The installer's warranty shall be in addition to the manufacturer's warranty and not in place of it.
18.2.3 Work performed under either warranty shall itself be warranted for a full term equal to the original period measured from the date the correction is accepted, or for the remainder of the original period, whichever ends later.
18.2.4 The Contractor's cost of a warranty correction shall include removal and reinstatement of the wearing slab, pavers, soil, insulation, drainage layer, and protection course needed to reach the membrane, and repair of finishes damaged in gaining access.

18.3 Exclusions

18.3.1 Warranty exclusions shall not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for a failure caused by substrate preparation, application, or material handling that deviates from the reviewed submittals or from this standard.
18.3.2 The Contractor shall submit the proposed exclusion language with the sample warranty forms, and the Owner shall accept or reject it before the warranty is executed.
NOTE Exclusions for structural failure of the building, for damage by other trades after the membrane was protected and accepted, and for alterations to the assembly by others are customary. (18.3.3)

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