1 Scope

NOTE This standard covers the furnishing and installation of interior architectural wood trim, wood wall and ceiling paneling, wood slat and linear systems, and ornamental woodwork. (1.1)

NOTE The work under this standard is the woodwork that finishes the surfaces of a room rather than the cabinetry that occupies it. Three product categories are covered, and most decisions in this standard are made separately for each because they are procured, fabricated, finished, and attached differently: (1.2)

Standing and running trim — base, casing, chair rail, crown, picture mold, aprons, stools, and other milled moldings, together with the applied moldings, pilasters, columns, and ornamental members that articulate a wall or opening
Wall and ceiling paneling — flush (flat) panels, stile-and-rail panels, and raised panels, faced with decorative veneer, solid wood, or a decorative overlay
Slat and linear systems — parallel slats or planks carried on a concealed carrier or grid, with an open or acoustically backed reveal between members

NOTE The following are outside this standard's boundary: (1.3)

Casework and countertops, which are built as boxes and judged on case construction, door and drawer operation, and countertop performance rather than on surface appearance (see Wood And Laminate CaseworkWood and Laminate CaseworkResolves to the current edition.sync/wood-and-laminate-casework)
Wood doors and door frames, which are governed by their own performance and fire-rating requirements (see Doors Frames And HardwareDoors, Frames, and HardwareResolves to the current edition.sync/doors-frames-and-hardware)
Wood stairs, handrails, and guards, which carry structural and code loads
Concealed blocking, backing, framing, and furring, which are installed before the wall or ceiling is closed
Exterior woodwork exposed to weather, which is a different service condition entirely

1.4 The extent, layout, elevations, and profiles of the trim, paneling, and slat systems shall be as indicated on the interior elevations, reflected ceiling plans, and millwork details.

1.5 The slat module, reveal width, and end and edge conditions of a slat or linear system shall be as detailed for each slat system.

1.6 The Contractor shall coordinate this work with Gypsum Board AssembliesGypsum Board AssembliesResolves to the current edition.sync/gypsum-board-assemblies for the in-wall and in-ceiling blocking and backing this woodwork is fastened to.

1.7 The Contractor shall coordinate this work with Doors Frames And HardwareDoors, Frames, and HardwareResolves to the current edition.sync/doors-frames-and-hardware where trim adjoins door and window openings.

1.8 The Contractor shall coordinate this work with Interior PaintingInterior PaintingResolves to the current edition.sync/interior-painting where woodwork receives a field-applied opaque finish.

1.9 The Contractor shall coordinate this work with Wood And Laminate CaseworkWood and Laminate CaseworkResolves to the current edition.sync/wood-and-laminate-casework where paneling and trim meet built-in casework.

1.10 The Contractor shall coordinate this work with FirestoppingFirestoppingResolves to the current edition.sync/firestopping where paneling or a slat system conceals a rated assembly or a penetration through one.

2 Referenced Standards

2.1 Materials, fabrication, finishing, and installation shall comply with the latest adopted edition of each of the following unless a specific edition is cited.

2.2 Where referenced standards conflict, the more stringent requirement shall govern unless the Engineer of Record directs otherwise in writing.

2.3 Where the Contractor identifies a conflict between a referenced standard and the Contract Documents, the Contractor shall obtain the Engineer of Record's written resolution before fabrication of the affected woodwork begins.

Standard	Title
AWI/AWMAC/WI AWS	Architectural Woodwork Standards
ANSI/AWI 0620	Finish Carpentry/Installation
ANSI/AWI 0622.0646	Millwork and Wood Trim
ANSI/AWI 0642	Wood Paneling
ANSI/AWI 0400	Factory Finishing
ANSI/HPVA HP-1	American National Standard for Hardwood and Decorative Plywood
ANSI A208.1	Particleboard
ANSI A208.2	Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) for Interior Applications
NEMA LD 3	High-Pressure Decorative Laminates
ASTM E84	Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
UL 723	Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
ASTM E2768	Extended Duration Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials (30 min Tunnel Test)
NFPA 286	Evaluating Contribution of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth
ASTM C423	Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
ASTM D523	Specular Gloss
ASTM E1333	Determining Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air from Wood Products Using a Large Chamber
AWPA U1	Use Category System: User Specification for Treated Wood (Commodity Specification H, Use Category UCFA)
40 CFR Part 770	Formaldehyde Standards for Composite Wood Products (TSCA Title VI)
CARB ATCM 93120	Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions from Composite Wood Products
IBC	International Building Code (Chapter 8, Interior Finishes)

3 Submittals

3.1 Action Submittals

3.1.1 The Contractor shall submit the following for the Engineer of Record's review, and shall not begin fabrication of an item until that item's submittals have been reviewed and returned:

Product Data: Data for each lumber species and grade, veneer species, cut, and grade, panel face and core product, adhesive, fastener and hanging system, fire-retardant treatment, and finish system, including thickness, composition, and the applicable fire-test and formaldehyde-emission documentation.
Shop Drawings: Plans, interior elevations, reflected ceiling plans, and large-scale sections and profile details for each trim run, paneling elevation, and slat system, drawn to scale, showing profiles, dimensions, joint locations and types, panel and slat module, reveal and shadow-line dimensions, the relationship to adjacent openings and finishes, the required concealed blocking and backing, the attachment or hanging method, movement provisions, and fastener locations and concealment.
Veneer Layout Drawing: For transparent-finished veneered paneling, an elevation drawing showing the leaf match within each panel face, the assembly match across each face, and the panel-to-panel sequence in the order the panels are to be installed.
Flitch or Sample Blanket: Where the datasheet requires panel-to-panel sequencing beyond premanufactured sets, a sample blanket drawn from the actual flitch reserved for the project, for the Engineer of Record's selection before the veneer is laid up.
Samples: A finish sample of each species, cut, and finish system on the actual substrate showing color, sheen, and grain; a sample of each trim profile in the specified material; and a corner or joint sample for each specified joinery condition.
Grade Certification: Documentation of the quality grade certification applicable to the trim, the paneling, and the installation, from the certification program identified in the datasheet.
Fire-Test and Treatment Documentation: The ASTM E84, UL 723, or NFPA 286 report for the assembly as it will be installed, including the effect of the finish, and, where fire-retardant-treated wood is furnished, the AWPA U1 treatment record and the treater's classification label.
Formaldehyde Compliance Documentation: Certification or labeling establishing compliance of every composite-wood component with 40 CFR Part 770 and CARB ATCM 93120 at the level identified in the datasheet.

Action Submittals Requiredcheckbox

☑ Product data for lumber, veneer, panel, core, adhesive, fastener, treatment, and finish

☑ Dimensioned shop drawings, elevations, reflected ceiling plans, and profile sections

☐ Veneer layout drawing showing leaf match, assembly match, and panel sequence

☐ Flitch or sample blanket from the reserved flitch

☑ Finish, profile, and joint samples on the actual substrate

☐ Quality grade certification for trim, paneling, and installation

☐ Fire-test report and fire-retardant treatment documentation

☑ Composite-wood formaldehyde compliance documentation

3.2 Closeout Submittals

3.2.1 The Contractor shall submit the following at Substantial Completion:

Care and Maintenance Instructions: Written cleaning, care, and refinishing guidance specific to each finish system and species installed.
Warranty Documentation: The executed product and installation warranties required by this standard.
Attic Stock Inventory: A written inventory of the attic stock delivered, identifying each item by profile, species, cut, finish, and quantity, and its storage location.
Moisture and Humidity Record: The record of interior relative humidity and wood moisture content taken at delivery, at the end of acclimatization, and at the completion of installation.

Closeout Submittals Requiredcheckbox

☑ Finish-specific care, cleaning, and refinishing instructions

☑ Executed product and installation warranties

☑ Attic stock inventory identifying profile, species, cut, finish, and quantity

☐ Interior humidity and wood moisture content record

NOTE A transparent catalyzed film finish, a penetrating oil finish, and an opaque enamel each tolerate different cleaning chemistries, and the guidance that preserves one will dull or soften another. (3.2.2)

4 Quality Assurance

4.1 Woodwork Manufacturer Qualifications

4.1.1 The woodwork manufacturer shall be a firm regularly engaged in fabricating architectural trim and paneling of the type, grade, species, and finish specified, and shall submit a list of at least three completed projects of comparable grade and scope.

4.1.3 Veneer for the panels of a single wall elevation shall be drawn from a single flitch.

NOTE Color and figure vary between trees, between flitches cut from the same tree, and between mills, so a single fabrication source and a single flitch are the mechanisms that hold appearance consistent across a wall; woodwork of the same species from two sources will differ visibly under the same finish. (4.1.3.1)

4.2 Grade Certification

4.2.1 The certification program that verifies compliance with the specified quality grades shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Quality Grade Certification Programradio

○ AWI Quality Certification Program

○ Equivalent third-party woodwork certification program

○ Manufacturer certification of grade compliance without third-party verification

4.2.2 Where a third-party certification program is selected in the datasheet, the manufacturer shall be a licensed participant in that program at the time of fabrication, and the delivered woodwork shall bear the program's label.

NOTE A third-party program verifies grade compliance by inspecting the shop and the delivered product; a manufacturer's own certification is a representation the Owner would have to test to disprove. The cost of the program is carried in the woodwork price and rises with the grade. (4.2.2.1)

4.3 Mockups

4.3.1 Whether a paneling mockup is required shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Paneling Mockup Requiredradio

○ Required

○ Not required

4.3.2 Whether a trim mockup is required shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Trim Mockup Requiredradio

○ Required

○ Not required

4.3.3 Where a mockup is required, it shall be full size, built with the specified materials, grade, matching, joinery, and finish, and erected in a location the Engineer of Record designates.

4.3.4 The Contractor shall obtain the Engineer of Record's written acceptance of a required mockup before fabricating the corresponding work.

4.3.5 An accepted mockup shall establish the standard of quality for the corresponding work and may remain in the finished work if it is undamaged and in a location shown to receive that work.

NOTE A paneling mockup is normally one panel module carrying the leaf and assembly match, the joint or reveal, and the finish; a trim mockup is normally a short run carrying the profile, an inside corner, an outside corner, and the finish. (4.3.5.1)

4.4 Precedence of Grade Requirements

4.4.1 Trim, paneling, and installation shall comply in all respects with the requirements of their specified grades for material, joinery, matching, flatness, tolerance, and finish.

4.4.2 The specified grade shall govern any requirement on which this standard is silent.

4.4.3 Where this standard states a requirement more stringent than the specified grade requires, this standard shall govern.

5 Interior Conditions and Wood Moisture Content

5.1 Building Readiness Before Delivery

5.1.1 Wood trim and paneling shall not be delivered to the building until the building is enclosed and weather-tight.

5.1.2 Wood trim and paneling shall not be delivered to the building until concrete, masonry, plaster, and gypsum board finishing operations are complete and the affected construction is dry.

5.1.3 Wood trim and paneling shall not be delivered to the building until interior temperature and relative humidity are being held within the ranges indicated in the datasheet.

5.1.4 The source of interior conditioning before and during delivery, acclimatization, and installation shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Interior Conditioning Source Before and During Installationradio

○ Permanent HVAC system in operation

○ Temporary conditioning maintaining the specified humidity range

○ Either, at the Contractor's option, provided the specified range is maintained and recorded

NOTE Wood is hygroscopic: it exchanges moisture with the surrounding air until it reaches equilibrium, and it changes dimension across the grain as it does so. Woodwork fixed to a wall before the building's service condition is established will shrink, swell, cup, or open at its joints once that condition arrives, and no quality of fabrication prevents it. (5.1.4.1)

NOTE A permanent HVAC system holds the actual service condition the woodwork will live in; temporary conditioning can hold the same numbers but is removed at some point before occupancy, so the recorded humidity log is the only evidence that the range was continuous. (5.1.4.2)

5.2 Service Relative Humidity Range

5.2.1 The minimum and maximum interior relative humidity to be maintained at delivery, during installation, and in service shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Minimum Interior Relative Humidity in Servicerange

% RH

1550

Maximum Interior Relative Humidity in Servicerange

% RH

4575

NOTE The humidity range that suits woodwork is regional, not universal. Across most of the United States and Canada an interior range near 25% to 55% RH corresponds to the moisture content architectural woodwork is fabricated at; the damp southern coastal region runs higher, near 43% to 70% RH, and the dry southwestern United States and the Canadian prairie provinces run lower, near 20% to 50% RH. Specifying a range from another region is the most common cause of woodwork that fails in service while meeting every fabrication requirement. (5.2.1.1)

NOTE It is the width and the frequency of the swing, not the average, that opens joints. A building held steadily at either end of its range moves the wood once; a building that crosses the range every season moves it repeatedly, and each cycle works the joints further open. (5.2.1.2)

5.3 Wood Moisture Content at Delivery

5.3.1 The minimum and maximum wood moisture content at fabrication, at delivery, and at installation shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Minimum Wood Moisture Content at Deliveryrange

%

310

Maximum Wood Moisture Content at Deliveryrange

%

615

5.3.2 The Contractor shall measure and record the moisture content of a representative sample of each species and product on arrival at the site, and shall report a reading outside the specified range to the Engineer of Record before the material is installed.

5.3.3 Where the Contractor and the Engineer of Record disagree whether a reading is representative, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination and may direct additional readings at the Contractor's cost.

NOTE Moisture content and the service humidity range are two views of the same equilibrium. Across most of the United States and Canada a 25% to 55% RH service range corresponds to roughly 5% to 10% moisture content; the damp southern coastal region corresponds to roughly 8% to 13%, and the dry southwest and prairie provinces to roughly 4% to 9%. Woodwork installed wetter than its service equilibrium shrinks and opens its joints, and woodwork installed drier swells and buckles a paneled wall. (5.3.3.1)

NOTE Construction-grade framing lumber is dried to a far higher moisture content than architectural woodwork and is not interchangeable with it, even for concealed members inside a paneled assembly. (5.3.3.2)

5.4 Acclimatization Before Installation

5.4.1 The minimum period woodwork is held in the conditioned space before installation begins shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Minimum Acclimatization Period in the Conditioned Spacerange

hours

24487296120168240336

5.4.2 The Contractor shall stack acclimatizing woodwork flat, fully supported, and stickered so air circulates around every piece.

5.4.3 The Contractor shall verify by moisture reading that the woodwork is within the specified moisture content range before installation begins, regardless of the elapsed acclimatization period.

NOTE The elapsed period is a procurement and scheduling commitment; the moisture reading is the acceptance criterion. Material that arrives already at equilibrium needs no waiting period, and material that arrives far off equilibrium will not reach it in a fixed number of hours, which is why a period of zero is a legitimate selection when readings govern. (5.4.3.1)

6 Architectural Woodwork Quality Grade

6.1 Grade for Standing and Running Trim

6.1.1 The quality grade for standing and running trim, applied moldings, and ornamental woodwork shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Standing and Running Trim Quality Graderadio

○ Economy

● Custom

○ Premium

NOTE Under the AWI standards Custom Grade applies where the Contract Documents name no grade, so a project that is silent on grade has already selected Custom. (6.1.1.1)

6.2 Grade for Wall and Ceiling Paneling

6.2.1 The quality grade for wall and ceiling paneling shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Wall and Ceiling Paneling Quality Graderadio

○ Economy

● Custom

○ Premium

NOTE Trim and paneling carry their grades independently because they are usually different purchases from different production lines, and a project routinely raises one without raising the other. (6.2.1.1)

6.3 Installation Grade

6.3.1 The installation grade under ANSI/AWI 0620 shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Installation Graderadio

○ Economy

● Custom

○ Premium

NOTE The installation grade governs the erected result — plumb, level, flatness of plane, joint tightness, reveal uniformity, and fastener concealment — and is a separate purchase from the fabrication grade. Premium-grade panels set by an Economy-grade installation read as Economy-grade work. (6.3.1.1)

6.4 Grade Applied by Area

6.4.1 The grade may be set differently for different areas of the project, and each grade selection in the datasheet may be scheduled by area.

6.4.2 The shop drawings and the finish schedule shall identify which grade governs each location.

NOTE The grade sets the permitted lumber and veneer characteristics, the number and visibility of joints allowed in a run, the matching required, the allowable warp and flatness of a panel, the joinery, and the finish quality. It does not set the species, the profile, or the layout, which the drawings and the rest of this datasheet set independently. (6.4.2.1)

NOTE Premium Grade narrows the permitted lumber and veneer characteristics, tightens the flatness and joint tolerances, and requires the most exacting joinery and finish, at a higher unit cost; the difference is visible where woodwork is viewed closely and in good light and largely invisible where it is not. (6.4.2.2)

NOTE Economy Grade permits the widest range of natural and manufacturing characteristics and the most visible joinery, at the lowest cost; it also permits joints in positions a closely viewed surface would expose. (6.4.2.3)

7 Solid Lumber for Trim and Ornamental Woodwork

7.1 Species for Transparent-Finished Lumber

7.1.1 The solid lumber species for transparent-finished trim and ornamental woodwork shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Transparent-Finished Solid Lumber Speciesselect

Red oak

White oak

Hard maple

Soft maple

Birch

Beech

Cherry

Black walnut

Ash

Hickory

Alder

Sapele

African mahogany

Genuine mahogany

Teak

Douglas fir

Western red cedar

Bamboo

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

7.1.2 Solid lumber shall meet the appearance and characteristic limits of the specified trim grade for the selected species and finish.

NOTE Species sets color, hardness, grain figure, and cost, and it also sets how a stain reads: the same stain on red oak, hard maple, and cherry produces three different colors, which is why the finish sample is approved on the actual species rather than on a generic panel. (7.1.2.1)

7.2 Material for Opaque-Finished Trim

7.2.1 The material for opaque-finished trim shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Opaque-Finished Trim Materialselect

Poplar

Soft maple

Basswood

Radiata pine

Finger-jointed poplar

Finger-jointed pine

Medium density fiberboard

Moisture-resistant medium density fiberboard

NOTE An opaque finish hides grain and figure, so the material is selected for how it machines and how it holds a film rather than for appearance: close-grained hardwoods take a crisp profile and a smooth enamel, medium density fiberboard machines a routed profile without grain raise or knots, and finger-jointed stock supplies long lengths that solid stock of the same grade cannot. (7.2.1.1)

NOTE Medium density fiberboard swells irreversibly when it absorbs liquid water and holds a fastener poorly in its edge, so its behavior at a floor line, in a wet-cleaned room, or where trim is fastened through its edge differs from that of solid lumber. (7.2.1.2)

7.3 Lumber Cut

7.3.1 The cut of solid lumber shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Solid Lumber Cutselect

Plain-sawn

Quarter-sawn

Rift-sawn

Live-sawn

NOTE The cut is the angle between the face of the board and the growth rings, and it sets both the figure and the movement. Plain-sawn boards show cathedral figure and move most across their width; quarter-sawn boards show straight vertical grain, and in oak the ray fleck, and move roughly half as much; rift-sawn boards show tight uniform straight grain with no fleck. Yield falls and cost rises from plain toward rift, because each cut discards more of the log. (7.3.1.1)

NOTE Plain-sawn is the cut standing lumber is milled as unless another cut is ordered, which is why it is the starting point rather than a judgment about the project. (7.3.1.2)

8 Decorative Veneer

8.1 Veneer Species and Cut

8.1.1 Transparent-finished veneered paneling shall use decorative veneer conforming to ANSI/HPVA HP-1, of the species and cut indicated in the datasheet, laid up over the specified core.

Decorative Veneer Speciesselect

Red oak

White oak

Hard maple

Birch

Cherry

Black walnut

Ash

Sapele

African mahogany

Anigre

Makore

Wenge

Zebrawood

Teak

Bamboo

Reconstituted veneer

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

Decorative Veneer Cutselect

Plain-sliced

Quarter-sliced

Rift-cut

Comb grain

Half-round sliced

Rotary-cut

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

NOTE A veneered panel is flat and dimensionally stable where a solid panel of the same width would cup and split, one flitch yields enough matched leaves to clad a whole wall in a single continuing figure, and the figured and rare species used for feature surfaces are produced only as veneer. Solid-wood paneling remains available and is selected where the depth and repairability of solid stock matter more than flatness. (8.1.1.1)

NOTE Reconstituted veneer is dyed and re-laminated fast-growing wood sliced to a repeating figure; it delivers uniform color and grain across an unlimited quantity, which natural veneer cannot, and it does not carry natural figure variation. (8.1.1.2)

8.2 Face Veneer Grade

8.2.1 The face veneer grade under ANSI/HPVA HP-1 shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Face Veneer Grade (ANSI/HPVA HP-1)select

AA

A

B

C

D

E

8.2.2 The face veneer grade shall be not less than the minimum the specified paneling quality grade requires for the selected species and cut.

8.2.3 The back veneer of a panel with one exposed face shall be a grade suitable for the concealed condition and shall be selected for balance rather than appearance.

NOTE HP-1 face grades run from AA, which permits the least color and character variation and requires the most careful splicing, down through E, which permits the most. The grade limits natural characteristics — knots, mineral streak, color variation, splice quality — and is independent of species, cut, and match. (8.2.3.1)

9 Veneer and Panel Matching

9.1 Leaf Match Within a Panel Face

9.1.1 The veneer leaf match within each panel face shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Veneer Leaf Match Within a Panel Faceradio

● Book match

○ Slip match

○ Random plank match

○ Pleasing match

NOTE Book match turns every other leaf over so adjacent leaves mirror each other at the splice, the way facing pages of an open book mirror. It is the layup a flitch produces when leaves are simply taken in sequence and alternately flipped, so it is what a panel is laid up as unless another match is called for. (9.1.1.1)

NOTE Because book matching alternates the tight and loose faces of the veneer, and those faces take stain differently, a ribbon-stripe or heavily figured veneer can show a light-dark alternation across the panel known as barber pole. Slip match slides successive leaves without flipping, so every leaf shows the same face and the figure repeats rather than mirrors, which removes the alternation at the cost of symmetry. (9.1.1.2)

NOTE Random plank match sets leaves without regard to continuity, deliberately mixing color and figure so the face reads as separate boards; pleasing match holds color compatible between adjacent leaves without requiring grain to match at the splice. (9.1.1.3)

9.2 Assembly Match Across a Panel Face

9.2.1 The veneer assembly match across each panel face shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Veneer Assembly Match Across a Panel Faceradio

○ Running match

○ Balance match

○ Center-balance match

9.2.2 The assembly match shall be not less than the minimum the specified paneling quality grade requires.

NOTE The assembly match governs how leaves are sized and placed on the face, which is a different decision from how adjacent leaves are matched to each other. Running match takes whatever leaf widths the flitch yields and runs them across the face, so faces differ from one panel to the next; balance match trims leaves to equal width so each face is symmetrical; center-balance match uses an even number of equal leaves so a single splice falls on the centerline of the face. Cost rises with each step because trimming to equal width discards veneer. (9.2.2.1)

NOTE A center-balance match places a grain joint on the panel centerline, which is symmetrical but visible; a balance match with an odd leaf count places a leaf on the centerline instead. Which reads better depends on the figure and on how the panel is lit, so the two are worth comparing on the mockup rather than selecting from a description. (9.2.2.2)

9.3 Panel-to-Panel Sequence Across an Elevation

9.3.1 The panel-to-panel sequence matching across each wall elevation shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Panel-to-Panel Sequence Matching Across an Elevationselect

No panel-to-panel matching required

Premanufactured sets

Sequence-matched uniform-size sets

Selectively reduced sequence-matched sets

Blueprint-matched panels and components

9.3.2 Panels requiring a sequence shall be marked in the shop with their installed position and installed in that order.

NOTE Sequence matching lays panels up from one flitch in the order the leaves were cut and installs them in that order, so figure progresses across the wall instead of restarting at every joint. Premanufactured sets are matched within a set but not from set to set. Uniform-size sets are matched across a run of equal panels and are trimmed at the ends of the run. Selectively reduced sets are made from a larger sequence with panels omitted where openings occur. (9.3.2.1)

NOTE Blueprint matching sizes every panel and every component — including the panels above and beside doors and openings — to the actual field dimensions taken from the approved shop drawings, so figure is continuous across the whole elevation as drawn. It requires field measurement before layup, it cannot absorb a dimensional change made after layup, and it produces no interchangeable spare panels. (9.3.2.2)

10 Panel Construction

10.1 Panel Face Material

10.1.1 The panel face material shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Paneling Face Materialselect

Decorative wood veneer

Solid wood

High-pressure decorative laminate

Thermally fused laminate

Solid phenolic

10.1.2 Where the face is high-pressure decorative laminate, it shall conform to NEMA LD 3 in a grade rated for vertical surface use.

10.1.3 Every panel with a decorative face on one side shall carry a backing sheet or backing veneer of comparable thickness and moisture response on the reverse.

NOTE A panel finished on one face only is a bimetallic strip: the faced side and the bare side absorb and release moisture at different rates, and the panel curls toward the side that shrinks. The backer equalizes the two faces, and no amount of press flatness substitutes for it. (10.1.3.1)

10.2 Panel Core

10.2.1 The panel core shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Paneling Core Materialselect

Particleboard

Medium density fiberboard

Veneer-core hardwood plywood

Combination core

Moisture-resistant particleboard

Moisture-resistant medium density fiberboard

Fire-rated particleboard

Agrifiber particleboard

10.2.2 Particleboard core shall conform to ANSI A208.1 and medium density fiberboard core to ANSI A208.2.

10.2.3 Veneer-core hardwood plywood shall conform to ANSI/HPVA HP-1.

NOTE Particleboard is the flattest and most economical core and is what a veneered architectural panel is pressed on unless another core is specified; medium density fiberboard is denser and machines a crisp routed edge or profile, which matters for a thin face veneer or a routed reveal; veneer core is lighter, holds a screw in its edge, and can be bent for a curved panel; a combination core places veneer plies against a fiberboard face to get both the screw-holding and the flat face. (10.2.3.1)

NOTE A moisture-resistant core resists incidental wetting and humidity swings but is not a waterproof panel and does not make paneling suitable for a wet location. A fire-rated core is a manufactured product whose classification is established by test on the finished assembly, not by treating a standard core. (10.2.3.2)

10.3 Panel Thickness

10.3.1 The nominal paneling thickness shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Nominal Paneling Thicknessrange

in.

0.250.3750.50.6250.7511.125

Per drawings — millwork details

NOTE Thickness follows the detail rather than the material: it is set by the reveal and shadow-line dimensions drawn at the panel edges, by the depth the hanging hardware needs behind the panel, and by the span between carriers. (10.3.1.1)

10.4 Panel Flatness and Executed Matching

10.4.1 Panel faces shall be flat within the tolerance the specified paneling grade allows, measured after the panel has acclimatized and before it is installed.

10.4.2 The leaf match, assembly match, and panel-to-panel sequence shall be executed as scheduled and as shown on the reviewed veneer layout drawing.

10.4.3 Panels that do not meet the flatness tolerance or that break the approved sequence shall be replaced at the Contractor's cost, including the cost of removing and reinstalling adjacent panels disturbed by the replacement.

10.5 Stile-and-Rail and Raised-Panel Construction

10.5.1 Where stile-and-rail paneling is specified, the field panel shall float in the grooved frame of stiles and rails and shall not be glued, pinned, or otherwise fixed along more than one edge.

10.5.2 Where a raised or profiled field panel is specified, it shall likewise float in its frame.

10.5.3 Stile-and-rail frames shall be joined with mortise-and-tenon or equivalent concealed joinery meeting the specified paneling grade.

NOTE Floating construction is what allows traditional paneling to survive decades of seasonal movement: the frame members are narrow and move little, and the wide field panel is free to expand and contract behind them. Fixing a wide panel along opposing edges guarantees that it splits itself or forces the frame apart at the first full humidity cycle. (10.5.3.1)

11 Adhesives for Lay-Up and Installation

11.1 The adhesive used to bond veneer and overlays to the core and to assemble panel components shall be selected by the woodwork manufacturer for the substrate and the service condition, and shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Panel Lay-Up and Assembly Adhesiveradio

○ Polyvinyl acetate

○ Cross-linking polyvinyl acetate

○ Polyurethane reactive hot melt

○ Urea-formaldehyde resin

○ Phenol-formaldehyde resin

○ Contact adhesive

○ Epoxy

Manufacturer's standard (by default)

11.2 The manufacturer shall identify the adhesive actually used in the product data submittal.

11.3 The adhesive emission requirement applicable to shop and field adhesives shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Adhesive Emission Requirementradio

○ Low-emitting adhesives required for both shop and field work

○ Low-emitting adhesives required for field-applied adhesives

○ No requirement beyond the composite-wood formaldehyde standards

NOTE Adhesives in a composite-wood panel are inside the emission limits the panel itself is certified to, so a panel that carries a compliant label carries its lay-up adhesive with it. Field-applied adhesives are outside that certification and are governed separately. (11.3.1)

12 Interior Finish Fire Classification

12.1 Required Classification

12.1.1 The interior wall and ceiling finish classification required at each location shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Required Interior Finish Classificationradio

○ Class A

○ Class B

○ Class C

○ Not regulated as an interior wall or ceiling finish at this location

Per drawings — code analysis and life safety plans (deferred by default)

12.1.2 The classification shall be established by ASTM E84 or UL 723 testing of the assembly in the form it will be installed, including the finish, or by NFPA 286 room-corner testing where the adopted code accepts that alternative.

NOTE Class A is a flame spread index of 0 to 25, Class B is 26 to 75, and Class C is 76 to 200; all three carry the same smoke developed index limit of 450. Smoke, not flame spread, is the limit a wood assembly with a heavy finish film most often fails. (12.1.2.1)

NOTE The classification belongs to the assembly, not to the wood. A finish film, an adhesive, and a substrate all contribute, so a report on bare wood does not establish the rating of the finished panel. (12.1.2.2)

12.2 Fire-Retardant Treatment

12.2.1 The method used to achieve the required classification shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Method of Achieving the Required Classificationradio

○ Pressure-impregnated interior fire-retardant-treated wood

○ Shop-applied listed intumescent or fire-retardant coating

○ Fire-rated panel core with a face qualified by assembly test

○ Thin veneer over a noncombustible substrate qualified by assembly test

○ No treatment, with the untreated assembly qualified by assembly test

12.2.2 Where pressure-impregnated treatment is selected, the wood shall be treated to AWPA U1, Commodity Specification H, Use Category UCFA, and shall bear the treater's classification label.

12.2.3 Interior fire-retardant-treated wood shall be an interior type formulated to retain its classification under the humidity range specified for the building, and shall not be a formulation intended for exterior or high-humidity exposure.

12.2.4 Treated wood shall be redried after treatment to the moisture content range specified in this standard before it is machined.

12.2.5 Treatment shall be applied before the woodwork is milled to its final profile to the extent the profile and the treating process allow.

12.2.6 Where a coating is selected as the method, it shall be a listed product applied at the listed spread rate over the listed substrate, and the listing shall be the basis of the classification submitted.

NOTE Pressure treatment drives chemicals through the wood; a coating sits on the surface and reacts under fire exposure. They are qualified by different listings and they fail differently: a coating can be defeated by later refinishing or by a field cut, and treated wood carries its classification through the thickness. (12.2.6.1)

NOTE A thin face veneer bonded to a noncombustible or fire-rated substrate frequently qualifies as a Class A assembly without treating the wood, because there is too little combustible mass to sustain flame spread. Whether it does is a question the assembly test answers, not one the veneer thickness answers by itself. (12.2.6.2)

NOTE Fire-retardant treatment darkens most species, raises grain, and changes how stain is absorbed, so the finish sample and the mockup are taken on treated stock when treated stock will be installed. (12.2.6.3)

12.3 Field Cuts in Treated Wood

12.3.1 Field cuts and drilling that expose untreated wood in a pressure-treated member shall be treated with the treater's field-applied product where the listing requires it to maintain the classification.

12.3.2 Field cuts through a coated member shall be recoated with the listed coating at the listed spread rate.

12.3.3 The Contractor shall make the treatment records and classification labels available for the Authority Having Jurisdiction's inspection until the work is accepted.

13 Composite-Wood Formaldehyde Emissions

13.1 Every composite-wood component of the trim and paneling, including particleboard, medium density fiberboard, and hardwood plywood, shall comply with 40 CFR Part 770 and CARB ATCM 93120 and shall be labeled or certified accordingly.

13.2 The compliance level required shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Composite-Wood Formaldehyde Compliance Levelradio

● TSCA Title VI and CARB Phase 2 certified

○ Ultra-low-emitting formaldehyde (ULEF) exempt panels

○ No-added-formaldehyde (NAF) exempt panels

NOTE Compliance with 40 CFR Part 770 is a condition of lawful sale in the United States and is not a project option; the datasheet selection determines only whether the project requires the further ULEF or NAF exemption levels. (13.2.1)

NOTE The emission limits are set per product: 0.05 ppm for hardwood plywood with either a veneer core or a composite core, 0.09 ppm for particleboard, 0.11 ppm for medium density fiberboard, and 0.13 ppm for thin medium density fiberboard, measured by the large chamber method of ASTM E1333. (13.2.2)

NOTE ULEF and NAF panels are certified through separate exemptions granted to the panel producer, which means their availability is a supply question rather than a specification question, and long-lead confirmation belongs in the product data submittal. (13.2.3)

14 Trim Fabrication and Joinery

14.1 Trim, paneling, and ornamental woodwork shall be machined, assembled, and finished in the shop to the greatest extent the members, the transport, and the openings allow, so that field work is limited to fitting, the necessary field joints, and installation.

14.2 Profiles shall be milled true and continuous over their full length, with no visible change in profile at a joint.

14.3 Joints in running trim shall be limited to the number the available lengths and the specified trim grade allow.

14.4 A running joint in exposed trim shall be a scarf or a mitered-and-splined joint, closed tight, and located away from the center of a wall and away from any location the drawings identify as a focal point.

14.5 Unless the datasheet or the Contract Documents indicate otherwise, a butt joint shall not be used as a running joint in exposed trim.

14.6 The inside-corner joint in profiled running trim shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Inside-Corner Joint in Profiled Running Trimradio

● Coped

○ Mitered

○ Butted to a corner block

14.7 The outside-corner joint in profiled running trim shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Outside-Corner Joint in Profiled Running Trimradio

● Mitered

○ Mitered and splined

○ Butted to a corner block

NOTE A coped inside corner cuts one member to the reverse profile of the other, so the joint closes on a profile line rather than on a glue line; it holds its appearance when the wall corner is out of square and when the members shrink, both of which open a mitered inside corner. A mitered outside corner is the only joint that carries the profile continuously around a projecting corner. (14.7.1)

NOTE Corner blocks and plinths remove the corner joint from the profile entirely by terminating both runs against a square block, which is a design decision about how the trim reads rather than a fallback for a difficult corner. (14.7.2)

15 Wood Slat and Linear Systems

15.1 The type of slat or linear system shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Wood Slat or Linear System Typeselect

Solid-wood slats on a concealed carrier

Veneered slats on a concealed carrier

Acoustic slat panel over an absorptive backing

Perforated veneered acoustic panel

Tongue-and-groove plank system

No slat or linear system specified

Per drawings — reflected ceiling plans and interior elevations (deferred by default)

15.2 A slat or linear system shall be furnished as a coordinated assembly of slats, carriers, backing, and end, edge, and transition trim from a single manufacturer.

15.3 Where an acoustic slat or linear system is specified, its noise reduction coefficient shall be as indicated in the datasheet, established by testing under ASTM C423 in the mounting the system will be installed in.

Acoustic Slat System Noise Reduction Coefficientrange

01.05

15.4 The slat module and reveal shall not be altered in the field.

NOTE In an acoustic slat system the reveal between slats is the acoustic opening and the backing behind it does the absorbing; the wood contributes almost nothing. Changing the module or the reveal in the field changes both the appearance and the tested performance, and the mounting used in the test governs the rating, so the same slats over a different plenum depth are a different assembly. (15.4.1)

NOTE Slat systems on ceilings and high on walls are interior finishes for code purposes, and the open reveal exposes more surface area to a fire than a flat panel of the same footprint does. (15.4.2)

16 Finishing

16.1 Finish Type by Product Category

16.1.1 The finish type for standing and running trim shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Standing and Running Trim Finish Typeradio

○ Transparent

○ Opaque

○ Unfinished

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

16.1.2 The finish type for wall and ceiling paneling shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Wall and Ceiling Paneling Finish Typeradio

○ Transparent

○ Opaque

○ Unfinished

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

NOTE Trim and paneling in the same room routinely take different finish types — painted trim against veneered paneling is a common elevation — so the two are scheduled independently. (16.1.2.1)

16.2 Finishing Location for Trim

16.2.1 Where the trim is finished shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Standing and Running Trim Finishing Locationradio

○ Factory-finished complete

○ Factory-primed with field-applied topcoats

○ Field-primed and field-finished

16.2.2 Where the trim is factory-primed for a field topcoat, the primer shall be compatible with the specified topcoat and shall be identified in the product data submittal.

16.2.3 Field-applied topcoats on trim shall be applied under Interior PaintingInterior PaintingResolves to the current edition.sync/interior-painting.

NOTE Running trim that disappears into a painted wall is normally set first and then filled, caulked, and painted with the wall, because the nail holes and the wall joint have to be closed before the film goes on; a factory-finished piece has to be installed with those operations already ruled out. (16.2.3.1)

16.3 Finishing Location for Paneling

16.3.1 Where the paneling is finished shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Wall and Ceiling Paneling Finishing Locationradio

● Factory-finished complete

○ Factory-sealed with field-applied topcoats

○ Field-finished complete

16.3.2 Factory-finished and field-finished pieces shall not be mixed within a continuous run of exposed transparent-finished woodwork.

16.3.3 Where a factory-finished piece must be cut or scribed in the field, the exposed cut shall be sealed and touched up with the manufacturer's matching material.

NOTE A panel finish sprayed flat in a booth and cured at controlled temperature, humidity, and dust levels produces a film that a brush or roller on an erected vertical panel does not reproduce, and the catalyzed and UV-cured systems used on paneling cure only under shop conditions. Two finishes applied by different methods will not match on adjacent panels, which is why the mixing limit applies to a continuous run rather than to the project. (16.3.3.1)

16.4 Transparent Finish System

16.4.1 The transparent finish system shall be as indicated in the datasheet and shall be applied as a complete system of stain, sealer, and topcoats from one supplier.

Transparent Finish Systemselect

Conversion varnish

Catalyzed polyurethane

Catalyzed polyester

Catalyzed vinyl

Pre-catalyzed lacquer

Post-catalyzed lacquer

Nitrocellulose lacquer

UV-cured acrylated urethane

UV-curable waterborne

Cross-linking waterborne acrylic

Waterborne polyurethane

Penetrating oil

16.4.2 The stain color shall be sampled and accepted on the actual species and cut before production finishing begins.

NOTE The systems differ in film hardness, chemical and moisture resistance, clarity, repairability, and cure requirements, and those properties trade against each other. Catalyzed systems build a hard chemically resistant film that resists spot repair; lacquers are easily repaired and re-melted but are softer; UV-cured systems reach full cure in seconds on flat stock but need line equipment and reach profiles less evenly; penetrating oils leave no film to fail, are renewed rather than repaired, and offer the least resistance to spills. (16.4.2.1)

16.5 Opaque Finish System

16.5.1 The opaque finish system shall be as indicated in the datasheet and shall be applied as a complete system of primer and topcoats from one supplier.

Opaque Finish Systemselect

Pigmented conversion varnish

Pigmented catalyzed polyurethane

Pigmented catalyzed polyester

Pigmented pre-catalyzed lacquer

Pigmented UV-cured

Pigmented cross-linking waterborne acrylic

Pigmented waterborne polyurethane

Alkyd enamel

NOTE A pigmented film hides the substrate but shows every defect in the surface under it, so an opaque finish raises rather than lowers the required quality of sanding, filling, and profile machining. Sprayed factory systems reach into a routed profile evenly; a brushed field enamel builds at the profile edges and thins in the hollows. (16.5.1.1)

16.6 Finish Sheen

16.6.1 The finish sheen shall be as indicated in the datasheet, measured under ASTM D523 at the angle the finish supplier reports.

Finish Sheenselect

Matte

Satin

Semi-gloss

Gloss

Per drawings — finish schedule (deferred by default)

NOTE Sheen names are not standardized between suppliers, so a named sheen is confirmed against the gloss reading and the approved sample rather than against the name. Higher sheen shows surface defects, dust in the film, and telegraphing from the substrate more readily; lower sheen shows handling marks and cleaning wear more readily. (16.6.1.1)

17 Installation

17.1 Concealed Blocking and Backing

17.1.1 The trade that furnishes and installs the concealed blocking and backing this woodwork is fastened to shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Concealed Blocking and Backing Furnished Underradio

● The wall and ceiling framing trades

○ The Contractor performing the work of this standard

17.1.2 The woodwork shop drawings shall show the location, extent, and required capacity of every piece of blocking and backing the woodwork depends on.

17.1.3 The Contractor shall verify before installation begins that blocking and backing have been provided at every panel hanging location, at every slat system carrier, and at every trim member that cannot be fastened reliably to framing or furring.

17.1.4 The Contractor shall notify the Engineer of Record of missing or mislocated blocking before proceeding, and shall not proceed over a known deficiency.

17.1.5 Unless the Contract Documents indicate otherwise, paneling and slat systems shall not be hung on gypsum board alone.

NOTE Blocking is normally installed by the framing trades before the wall is closed, which is why the shop drawings that locate it have to be reviewed before the wall is closed. Once the board is on, blocking that was missed becomes demolition. (17.1.5.1)

17.2 Wall Paneling Attachment

17.2.1 The wall paneling attachment method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Wall Paneling Attachment Methodselect

Interlocking Z-clips

Hanging rail system

Concealed clips on a continuous carrier

Adhesive with concealed mechanical fastening to continuous backing

Blind fastening through a tongue or rabbet

Face fastening with finish nails set and filled

17.2.2 The attachment shall hold the panel flat and in plane while allowing the panel to expand and contract across its width.

17.2.3 Where a concealed hanging system is selected, it shall be shimmed as required to bring the panel faces into a true plane independent of the flatness of the wall behind them.

NOTE A concealed hanging system carries no visible fastener, can be shimmed off an out-of-plane wall, and lets a single panel be lifted out for access or replacement without disturbing its neighbors. Adhesive attachment is faster and less expensive and gives up all three of those, since a bonded panel is removed by destroying it. Face fastening puts a repair in the finished face at every fastener. (17.2.3.1)

17.3 Trim Fastening

17.3.1 The standing and running trim fastening method shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Standing and Running Trim Fastening Methodradio

○ Blind fastening concealed by the profile

○ Face fastening with finish nails set and filled

○ Adhesive with supplemental concealed fastening

○ Concealed clips on a continuous carrier

17.3.2 Where face fastening is used, fasteners shall be finish nails set below the surface and the holes shall be filled with a material that takes the specified finish to match.

17.3.3 On transparent-finished trim, filler shall be color-matched to the finished member and accepted on the sample before production filling begins.

NOTE A filled hole in a painted member disappears under the film; the same hole in a transparent-finished member remains a visible spot of a different color and sheen, because filler does not take stain the way wood does. That difference, not the fastening method itself, is what usually drives trim to blind fastening. (17.3.3.1)

17.4 Panel Joints and Reveals

17.4.1 The treatment of the joint between adjacent panels shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Panel-to-Panel Joint Treatmentselect

Tight closed joint

Open reveal between panels

Batten-covered joint

Shiplap joint

Tongue-and-groove joint

Splined joint

Per drawings — millwork details (deferred by default)

17.4.2 Reveals and shadow lines shall be held uniform in width over their full length within the tolerance the specified installation grade allows.

NOTE An open reveal is the joint detail that tolerates movement and construction tolerance, because the gap absorbs both and the eye reads a deliberate line rather than an opening joint. A tight closed joint shows every increment of seasonal movement as a variable gap. (17.4.2.1)

17.5 Scribing and Fitting

17.5.1 Paneling and trim meeting walls, floors, ceilings, columns, and adjacent finishes shall be scribed to the contour of the adjacent surface so the joint closes tight and reads uniform.

17.5.2 Scribe pieces, fillers, and closures shall be furnished to close the gaps between panels and adjacent construction, and shall be finished to match the adjoining woodwork.

NOTE Building surfaces are rarely flat, plumb, or square, so a panel set against an untouched wall leaves a tapered gap that widens along its length. A tapered gap and an uneven reveal are the two defects a viewer notices first in a paneled wall, ahead of any variation in the wood itself. (17.5.2.1)

17.6 Expansion and Movement

17.6.1 The installation shall accommodate the seasonal expansion and contraction of the woodwork across the grain without buckling, splitting, or opening a visible gap.

17.6.2 Paneling shall not be fastened rigidly across its full width.

17.6.3 Running trim that crosses a building expansion joint shall be detailed and installed to move with that joint.

17.6.4 Long runs of trim and continuous paneled walls shall be installed with the movement provisions shown on the reviewed shop drawings at the intervals shown.

NOTE Wood moves across the grain and hardly at all along it, so the movement provisions all address panel width and run length rather than height or thickness. Restrained across its width, a paneled wall buckles in the humid season and opens its joints in the dry one, and the same wall left free to move does neither. (17.6.4.1)

17.7 Slat System Installation

17.7.1 Slat and linear system carriers shall be fastened to verified blocking at the spacing the system manufacturer requires for the slat weight and span.

17.7.2 Slats shall be installed to the module and reveal shown, aligned end to end, with the reveal held uniform.

17.7.3 Where the system is acoustic, the absorptive backing shall be installed continuously behind the open reveals in the mounting the tested assembly used.

17.7.4 End, edge, and transition conditions shall be executed with the manufacturer's matching components, and cut slat ends at an exposed edge shall be finished to match.

18 Inspection of Completed Woodwork

18.1 After installation the Contractor shall inspect the completed trim and paneling and shall correct or replace work that does not comply before requesting the Engineer of Record's review.

18.2 Panels shall be checked for plumb, flatness of plane, uniform reveals, and conformance to the approved veneer sequence.

18.3 Running trim shall be checked for tight corner joints, true and continuous profiles, and running joints in the reviewed locations.

18.4 Exposed surfaces shall be checked for handling damage, filler that does not match, and finish defects.

18.5 Woodwork that fails to meet the specified fabrication or installation grade, that breaks the approved veneer sequence, or that is damaged shall be corrected or replaced at the Contractor's cost.

18.6 Where the Contractor and the Engineer of Record disagree whether an observed condition is within the specified grade tolerance, the Engineer of Record shall make the initial determination by measurement against the governing grade requirement.

NOTE A veneer sequence break cannot be corrected by refinishing or by moving a panel; the replacement panel has to come from the same flitch, which is the reason the flitch is reserved and the attic stock panels are cut from it at the same time as the work. (18.6.1)

19 Delivery, Storage, and Handling

19.1 Delivery and On-Site Storage

19.1.1 Trim and paneling shall be delivered only after the building readiness conditions of this standard are satisfied.

19.1.2 Woodwork shall be stored inside the conditioned space, flat, fully supported, and protected from moisture, direct sunlight, and physical damage.

19.1.3 Veneered panels shall be stored flat and stickered and shall not be stored on edge or leaning.

19.1.4 The Contractor shall bear the cost of storage, of conditioning during storage, and of replacing woodwork damaged or distorted in storage.

NOTE A panel stored leaning takes a permanent set along the line it bears on, and direct sunlight on part of a stack bleaches and dries that part unevenly, both of which produce a panel that will not lie flat or match its neighbors regardless of how it was made. (19.1.4.1)

19.2 Protection During Construction

19.2.1 The Contractor shall install protective covering over completed paneling and trim and shall maintain it until Substantial Completion.

19.2.2 Protective covering shall not trap moisture against the woodwork, mark the finish, or leave adhesive residue.

19.2.3 Damage to finished woodwork occurring after installation shall be repaired or the affected member replaced at the Contractor's cost, and a repair shall be indistinguishable from the surrounding work at normal viewing distance.

20 Warranty

20.1 Product Warranty

20.1.1 The product warranty period, measured from the date of Substantial Completion, shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Product Warranty Periodrange

years

123510

20.1.2 The manufacturer shall warrant the trim, paneling, and ornamental woodwork against defects in material and fabrication for the specified period, including warp, cup, or twist beyond the specified grade tolerance, veneer delamination, open or telegraphing joints, and finish failure.

20.1.3 The warranty shall exclude damage caused by interior temperature or relative humidity outside the range specified in the datasheet, provided the woodwork was delivered, acclimatized, and installed in compliance with this standard.

20.1.4 The warranty shall exclude damage caused by abuse, by cleaning methods contrary to the delivered care instructions, and by modification made without the manufacturer's written approval.

20.2 Installation Warranty

20.2.1 The installation warranty period, measured from the date of Substantial Completion, shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Installation Warranty Periodrange

years

123510

20.2.2 The Contractor shall warrant the installation for the specified period, including attachment and hanging, blocking verification, scribing and fitting, joint quality, veneer sequence as installed, and the movement provisions.

20.2.3 The Contractor shall correct a deficiency attributable to installation workmanship at no cost to the Owner, including the cost of removing and reinstalling adjacent work required for access and the cost of repairing collateral damage caused by the correction.

20.2.4 Work corrected under warranty shall carry a fresh warranty of the specified period running from the date of the correction, or the unexpired remainder of the original period, whichever ends later.

21 Attic Stock and Owner Maintenance

21.1 Attic Stock

21.1.1 The quantity of attic stock trim, expressed as a percentage of the installed length of each profile, shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Attic Stock Trim Quantityrange

%

010

21.1.2 The quantity of attic stock panels shall be as indicated in the datasheet.

Attic Stock Panel Quantityrange

panels

020

21.1.3 Attic stock shall be from the same production run, species, cut, flitch, and finish as the installed work, and shall be finished at the same time as the installed work.

21.1.4 Attic stock shall be delivered wrapped, labeled with profile, species, cut, finish, and quantity, and stored where the Owner directs.

21.1.5 Touch-up finish material shall be delivered in the manufacturer's labeled containers with the batch identification of the finish applied to the work.

NOTE Attic stock cut and finished later will not match: a later flitch is a different tree, and a later finish batch is a different color, so material that was not made with the work is not a spare part for it. (21.1.5.1)

21.2 Owner Care of Installed Woodwork

21.2.1 The Owner should maintain interior temperature and relative humidity within the specified service range for the life of the woodwork.

21.2.2 Cleaning should use the method the delivered care instructions give for the finish on the surface being cleaned.

21.2.3 Finish repair and refresh should use the delivered touch-up material and the finish supplier's recommended products.

NOTE The most common cause of in-service failure in trim and paneling is not a fabrication defect but a building allowed to swing well outside the humidity range the woodwork was made for. The floating panels, movement provisions, and open reveals absorb the movement the specified range produces; they do not absorb the movement an unconditioned winter produces. (21.2.3.1)